diff --git a/src/block/manager.rs b/src/block/manager.rs
index decf33cc..abc5063d 100644
--- a/src/block/manager.rs
+++ b/src/block/manager.rs
@@ -555,11 +555,7 @@ impl BlockManager {
 	// - Ok(false) -> no block was processed, but we are ready for the next iteration
 	// - Err(_) -> a Sled error occurred when reading/writing from resync_queue/resync_errors
 	async fn resync_iter(&self, must_exit: &mut watch::Receiver<bool>) -> Result<bool, db::Error> {
-		let next = self
-			.resync_queue
-			.first()?
-			.map(|(k, v)| (k.into_vec(), v.into_vec()));
-		if let Some((time_bytes, hash_bytes)) = next {
+		if let Some((time_bytes, hash_bytes)) = self.resync_queue.first()? {
 			let time_msec = u64::from_be_bytes(time_bytes[0..8].try_into().unwrap());
 			let now = now_msec();
 
@@ -567,7 +563,7 @@ impl BlockManager {
 				let hash = Hash::try_from(&hash_bytes[..]).unwrap();
 
 				if let Some(ec) = self.resync_errors.get(hash.as_slice())? {
-					let ec = ErrorCounter::decode(ec);
+					let ec = ErrorCounter::decode(&ec);
 					if now < ec.next_try() {
 						// if next retry after an error is not yet,
 						// don't do resync and return early, but still
@@ -608,7 +604,7 @@ impl BlockManager {
 					warn!("Error when resyncing {:?}: {}", hash, e);
 
 					let err_counter = match self.resync_errors.get(hash.as_slice())? {
-						Some(ec) => ErrorCounter::decode(ec).add1(now + 1),
+						Some(ec) => ErrorCounter::decode(&ec).add1(now + 1),
 						None => ErrorCounter::new(now + 1),
 					};
 
@@ -972,7 +968,7 @@ impl ErrorCounter {
 		}
 	}
 
-	fn decode(data: db::Value<'_>) -> Self {
+	fn decode(data: &db::Value) -> Self {
 		Self {
 			errors: u64::from_be_bytes(data[0..8].try_into().unwrap()),
 			last_try: u64::from_be_bytes(data[8..16].try_into().unwrap()),
diff --git a/src/db/lib.rs b/src/db/lib.rs
index 2e847f7a..b9c27d9a 100644
--- a/src/db/lib.rs
+++ b/src/db/lib.rs
@@ -21,93 +21,8 @@ pub struct Transaction<'a>(pub(crate) &'a mut dyn ITx);
 #[derive(Clone)]
 pub struct Tree(pub(crate) Arc<dyn IDb>, pub(crate) usize);
 
-pub type ValueIter<'a> = Box<dyn std::iter::Iterator<Item = Result<(Value<'a>, Value<'a>)>> + 'a>;
-
-// ----
-
-pub struct Value<'a>(pub(crate) Box<dyn IValue<'a> + 'a>);
-
-pub trait IValue<'a>: AsRef<[u8]> + core::borrow::Borrow<[u8]> {
-	fn take_maybe(&mut self) -> Vec<u8>;
-}
-
-impl<'a> Value<'a> {
-	#[inline]
-	pub fn into_vec(mut self) -> Vec<u8> {
-		self.0.take_maybe()
-	}
-}
-
-impl<'a> AsRef<[u8]> for Value<'a> {
-	#[inline]
-	fn as_ref(&self) -> &[u8] {
-		self.0.as_ref().as_ref()
-	}
-}
-
-impl<'a> std::borrow::Borrow<[u8]> for Value<'a> {
-	#[inline]
-	fn borrow(&self) -> &[u8] {
-		self.0.as_ref().borrow()
-	}
-}
-
-impl<'a> core::ops::Deref for Value<'a> {
-	type Target = [u8];
-	#[inline]
-	fn deref(&self) -> &[u8] {
-		self.0.as_ref().as_ref()
-	}
-}
-
-impl<'a, T> PartialEq<T> for Value<'a>
-where
-	T: AsRef<[u8]>,
-{
-	fn eq(&self, other: &T) -> bool {
-		self.as_ref() == other.as_ref()
-	}
-}
-
-impl<'a> std::fmt::Debug for Value<'a> {
-	fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
-		for line in hexdump::hexdump_iter(self.as_ref()) {
-			f.write_str(&line)?;
-			f.write_str("\n")?;
-		}
-		Ok(())
-	}
-}
-
-impl<'a> IValue<'a> for Vec<u8> {
-	fn take_maybe(&mut self) -> Vec<u8> {
-		std::mem::take(self)
-	}
-}
-
-impl<'a> From<Value<'a>> for Vec<u8> {
-	fn from(v: Value<'a>) -> Vec<u8> {
-		v.into_vec()
-	}
-}
-
-impl<'a> From<Vec<u8>> for Value<'a> {
-	fn from(v: Vec<u8>) -> Value<'a> {
-		Value(Box::new(v))
-	}
-}
-
-impl<'a> From<&'a [u8]> for Value<'a> {
-	fn from(v: &'a [u8]) -> Value<'a> {
-		Value(Box::new(v))
-	}
-}
-
-impl<'a> IValue<'a> for &'a [u8] {
-	fn take_maybe(&mut self) -> Vec<u8> {
-		self.to_vec()
-	}
-}
+pub type Value = Vec<u8>;
+pub type ValueIter<'a> = Box<dyn std::iter::Iterator<Item = Result<(Value, Value)>> + 'a>;
 
 // ----
 
@@ -228,17 +143,17 @@ impl Tree {
 		Db(self.0.clone())
 	}
 
-	pub fn get<T: AsRef<[u8]>>(&self, key: T) -> Result<Option<Value<'_>>> {
+	pub fn get<T: AsRef<[u8]>>(&self, key: T) -> Result<Option<Value>> {
 		self.0.get(self.1, key.as_ref())
 	}
 	pub fn len(&self) -> Result<usize> {
 		self.0.len(self.1)
 	}
 
-	pub fn first(&self) -> Result<Option<(Value<'_>, Value<'_>)>> {
+	pub fn first(&self) -> Result<Option<(Value, Value)>> {
 		self.iter()?.next().transpose()
 	}
-	pub fn get_gt<T: AsRef<[u8]>>(&self, from: T) -> Result<Option<(Value<'_>, Value<'_>)>> {
+	pub fn get_gt<T: AsRef<[u8]>>(&self, from: T) -> Result<Option<(Value, Value)>> {
 		self.range((Bound::Excluded(from), Bound::Unbounded))?
 			.next()
 			.transpose()
@@ -280,7 +195,7 @@ impl Tree {
 
 #[allow(clippy::len_without_is_empty)]
 impl<'a> Transaction<'a> {
-	pub fn get<T: AsRef<[u8]>>(&self, tree: &Tree, key: T) -> Result<Option<Value<'_>>> {
+	pub fn get<T: AsRef<[u8]>>(&self, tree: &Tree, key: T) -> Result<Option<Value>> {
 		self.0.get(tree.1, key.as_ref())
 	}
 	pub fn len(&self, tree: &Tree) -> Result<usize> {
@@ -342,7 +257,7 @@ pub(crate) trait IDb: Send + Sync {
 	fn open_tree(&self, name: &str) -> Result<usize>;
 	fn list_trees(&self) -> Result<Vec<String>>;
 
-	fn get(&self, tree: usize, key: &[u8]) -> Result<Option<Value<'_>>>;
+	fn get(&self, tree: usize, key: &[u8]) -> Result<Option<Value>>;
 	fn len(&self, tree: usize) -> Result<usize>;
 
 	fn insert(&self, tree: usize, key: &[u8], value: &[u8]) -> Result<()>;
@@ -368,7 +283,7 @@ pub(crate) trait IDb: Send + Sync {
 }
 
 pub(crate) trait ITx {
-	fn get(&self, tree: usize, key: &[u8]) -> Result<Option<Value<'_>>>;
+	fn get(&self, tree: usize, key: &[u8]) -> Result<Option<Value>>;
 	fn len(&self, tree: usize) -> Result<usize>;
 
 	fn insert(&mut self, tree: usize, key: &[u8], value: &[u8]) -> Result<()>;
diff --git a/src/db/lmdb_adapter.rs b/src/db/lmdb_adapter.rs
index aa365733..3d0edb38 100644
--- a/src/db/lmdb_adapter.rs
+++ b/src/db/lmdb_adapter.rs
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ use heed::types::ByteSlice;
 use heed::{BytesDecode, Env, RoTxn, RwTxn, UntypedDatabase as Database};
 
 use crate::{
-	Db, Error, IDb, ITx, ITxFn, IValue, Result, TxError, TxFnResult, TxResult, Value, ValueIter,
+	Db, Error, IDb, ITx, ITxFn, Result, TxError, TxFnResult, TxResult, Value, ValueIter,
 };
 
 pub use heed;
@@ -101,28 +101,15 @@ impl IDb for LmdbDb {
 
 	// ----
 
-	fn get(&self, tree: usize, key: &[u8]) -> Result<Option<Value<'_>>> {
+	fn get(&self, tree: usize, key: &[u8]) -> Result<Option<Value>> {
 		let tree = self.get_tree(tree)?;
 
-		let res = TxAndValue {
-			tx: self.db.read_txn()?,
-			value: NonNull::dangling(),
-			_pin: PhantomPinned,
-		};
-		let mut boxed = Box::pin(res);
-
-		unsafe {
-			let tx = NonNull::from(&boxed.tx);
-			let val = match tree.get(tx.as_ref(), &key)? {
-				None => return Ok(None),
-				Some(v) => v,
-			};
-
-			let mut_ref: Pin<&mut TxAndValue<'_>> = Pin::as_mut(&mut boxed);
-			Pin::get_unchecked_mut(mut_ref).value = NonNull::from(&val);
+		let tx = self.db.read_txn()?;
+		let val = tree.get(&tx, &key)?;
+		match val {
+			None => Ok(None),
+			Some(v) => Ok(Some(v.to_vec())),
 		}
-
-		Ok(Some(Value(Box::new(TxAndValuePin(boxed)))))
 	}
 
 	fn remove(&self, tree: usize, key: &[u8]) -> Result<bool> {
@@ -227,13 +214,10 @@ impl<'a, 'db> LmdbTx<'a, 'db> {
 }
 
 impl<'a, 'db> ITx for LmdbTx<'a, 'db> {
-	fn get(&self, tree: usize, key: &[u8]) -> Result<Option<Value<'_>>> {
+	fn get(&self, tree: usize, key: &[u8]) -> Result<Option<Value>> {
 		let tree = self.get_tree(tree)?;
 		match tree.get(&self.tx, &key)? {
-			Some(v) => {
-				let v: &'_ [u8] = v;
-				Ok(Some(v.into()))
-			}
+			Some(v) => Ok(Some(v.to_vec())),
 			None => Ok(None),
 		}
 	}
@@ -279,34 +263,6 @@ impl<'a, 'db> ITx for LmdbTx<'a, 'db> {
 
 // ----
 
-struct TxAndValue<'a> {
-	tx: RoTxn<'a>,
-	value: NonNull<&'a [u8]>,
-	_pin: PhantomPinned,
-}
-
-struct TxAndValuePin<'a>(Pin<Box<TxAndValue<'a>>>);
-
-impl<'a> IValue<'a> for TxAndValuePin<'a> {
-	fn take_maybe(&mut self) -> Vec<u8> {
-		self.as_ref().to_vec()
-	}
-}
-
-impl<'a> AsRef<[u8]> for TxAndValuePin<'a> {
-	fn as_ref(&self) -> &[u8] {
-		unsafe { self.0.value.as_ref() }
-	}
-}
-
-impl<'a> std::borrow::Borrow<[u8]> for TxAndValuePin<'a> {
-	fn borrow(&self) -> &[u8] {
-		self.as_ref()
-	}
-}
-
-// ----
-
 type IteratorItem<'a> = heed::Result<(
 	<ByteSlice as BytesDecode<'a>>::DItem,
 	<ByteSlice as BytesDecode<'a>>::DItem,
@@ -365,7 +321,7 @@ impl<'a, I> Iterator for TxAndIteratorPin<'a, I>
 where
 	I: Iterator<Item = IteratorItem<'a>> + 'a,
 {
-	type Item = Result<(Value<'a>, Value<'a>)>;
+	type Item = Result<(Value, Value)>;
 
 	fn next(&mut self) -> Option<Self::Item> {
 		let iter_ref = unsafe {
@@ -375,11 +331,7 @@ where
 		match iter_ref.unwrap().next() {
 			None => None,
 			Some(Err(e)) => Some(Err(e.into())),
-			Some(Ok((k, v))) => {
-				let k: &'a [u8] = k;
-				let v: &'a [u8] = v;
-				Some(Ok((k.into(), v.into())))
-			}
+			Some(Ok((k, v))) => Some(Ok((k.to_vec(), v.to_vec()))),
 		}
 	}
 }
diff --git a/src/db/sled_adapter.rs b/src/db/sled_adapter.rs
index 2953785e..489fae61 100644
--- a/src/db/sled_adapter.rs
+++ b/src/db/sled_adapter.rs
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ use sled::transaction::{
 };
 
 use crate::{
-	Db, Error, IDb, ITx, ITxFn, IValue, Result, TxError, TxFnResult, TxResult, Value, ValueIter,
+	Db, Error, IDb, ITx, ITxFn, Result, TxError, TxFnResult, TxResult, Value, ValueIter,
 };
 
 pub use sled;
@@ -23,26 +23,6 @@ impl From<sled::Error> for Error {
 	}
 }
 
-// -- val
-
-impl<'a> IValue<'a> for sled::IVec {
-	fn take_maybe(&mut self) -> Vec<u8> {
-		self.to_vec()
-	}
-}
-
-impl<'a> From<Value<'a>> for sled::IVec {
-	fn from(v: Value<'a>) -> sled::IVec {
-		sled::IVec::from(v.into_vec())
-	}
-}
-
-impl<'a> From<sled::IVec> for Value<'a> {
-	fn from(v: sled::IVec) -> Value<'a> {
-		Value(Box::new(v))
-	}
-}
-
 // -- db
 
 pub struct SledDb {
@@ -99,9 +79,10 @@ impl IDb for SledDb {
 
 	// ----
 
-	fn get(&self, tree: usize, key: &[u8]) -> Result<Option<Value<'_>>> {
+	fn get(&self, tree: usize, key: &[u8]) -> Result<Option<Value>> {
 		let tree = self.get_tree(tree)?;
-		Ok(tree.get(key)?.map(From::from))
+		let val = tree.get(key)?;
+		Ok(val.map(|x| x.to_vec()))
 	}
 
 	fn remove(&self, tree: usize, key: &[u8]) -> Result<bool> {
@@ -123,14 +104,14 @@ impl IDb for SledDb {
 	fn iter(&self, tree: usize) -> Result<ValueIter<'_>> {
 		let tree = self.get_tree(tree)?;
 		Ok(Box::new(tree.iter().map(|v| {
-			v.map(|(x, y)| (x.into(), y.into())).map_err(Into::into)
+			v.map(|(x, y)| (x.to_vec(), y.to_vec())).map_err(Into::into)
 		})))
 	}
 
 	fn iter_rev(&self, tree: usize) -> Result<ValueIter<'_>> {
 		let tree = self.get_tree(tree)?;
 		Ok(Box::new(tree.iter().rev().map(|v| {
-			v.map(|(x, y)| (x.into(), y.into())).map_err(Into::into)
+			v.map(|(x, y)| (x.to_vec(), y.to_vec())).map_err(Into::into)
 		})))
 	}
 
@@ -142,7 +123,7 @@ impl IDb for SledDb {
 	) -> Result<ValueIter<'_>> {
 		let tree = self.get_tree(tree)?;
 		Ok(Box::new(tree.range::<&'r [u8], _>((low, high)).map(|v| {
-			v.map(|(x, y)| (x.into(), y.into())).map_err(Into::into)
+			v.map(|(x, y)| (x.to_vec(), y.to_vec())).map_err(Into::into)
 		})))
 	}
 	fn range_rev<'r>(
@@ -153,7 +134,7 @@ impl IDb for SledDb {
 	) -> Result<ValueIter<'_>> {
 		let tree = self.get_tree(tree)?;
 		Ok(Box::new(tree.range::<&'r [u8], _>((low, high)).rev().map(
-			|v| v.map(|(x, y)| (x.into(), y.into())).map_err(Into::into),
+			|v| v.map(|(x, y)| (x.to_vec(), y.to_vec())).map_err(Into::into),
 		)))
 	}
 
@@ -218,10 +199,10 @@ impl<'a> SledTx<'a> {
 }
 
 impl<'a> ITx for SledTx<'a> {
-	fn get(&self, tree: usize, key: &[u8]) -> Result<Option<Value<'_>>> {
+	fn get(&self, tree: usize, key: &[u8]) -> Result<Option<Value>> {
 		let tree = self.get_tree(tree)?;
 		let tmp = self.save_error(tree.get(key))?;
-		Ok(tmp.map(From::from))
+		Ok(tmp.map(|x| x.to_vec()))
 	}
 	fn len(&self, _tree: usize) -> Result<usize> {
 		unimplemented!(".len() in transaction not supported with Sled backend")
diff --git a/src/db/sqlite_adapter.rs b/src/db/sqlite_adapter.rs
index e945c31c..f0bca257 100644
--- a/src/db/sqlite_adapter.rs
+++ b/src/db/sqlite_adapter.rs
@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ impl IDb for SqliteDb {
 
 	// ----
 
-	fn get(&self, tree: usize, key: &[u8]) -> Result<Option<Value<'_>>> {
+	fn get(&self, tree: usize, key: &[u8]) -> Result<Option<Value>> {
 		trace!("get {}: lock db", tree);
 		let this = self.0.lock().unwrap();
 		trace!("get {}: lock acquired", tree);
@@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ impl IDb for SqliteDb {
 		let mut res_iter = stmt.query([key])?;
 		match res_iter.next()? {
 			None => Ok(None),
-			Some(v) => Ok(Some(v.get::<_, Vec<u8>>(0)?.into())),
+			Some(v) => Ok(Some(v.get::<_, Vec<u8>>(0)?)),
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -279,7 +279,7 @@ impl<'a> SqliteTx<'a> {
 }
 
 impl<'a> ITx for SqliteTx<'a> {
-	fn get(&self, tree: usize, key: &[u8]) -> Result<Option<Value<'_>>> {
+	fn get(&self, tree: usize, key: &[u8]) -> Result<Option<Value>> {
 		let tree = self.get_tree(tree)?;
 		let mut stmt = self
 			.tx
@@ -287,7 +287,7 @@ impl<'a> ITx for SqliteTx<'a> {
 		let mut res_iter = stmt.query([key])?;
 		match res_iter.next()? {
 			None => Ok(None),
-			Some(v) => Ok(Some(v.get::<_, Vec<u8>>(0)?.into())),
+			Some(v) => Ok(Some(v.get::<_, Vec<u8>>(0)?)),
 		}
 	}
 	fn len(&self, tree: usize) -> Result<usize> {
@@ -394,7 +394,7 @@ impl<'a> Drop for DbValueIterator<'a> {
 struct DbValueIteratorPin<'a>(Pin<Box<DbValueIterator<'a>>>);
 
 impl<'a> Iterator for DbValueIteratorPin<'a> {
-	type Item = Result<(Value<'a>, Value<'a>)>;
+	type Item = Result<(Value, Value)>;
 
 	fn next(&mut self) -> Option<Self::Item> {
 		let next = unsafe {
@@ -414,7 +414,7 @@ impl<'a> Iterator for DbValueIteratorPin<'a> {
 			Err(e) => return Some(Err(e.into())),
 			Ok(y) => y,
 		};
-		Some(Ok((k.into(), v.into())))
+		Some(Ok((k, v)))
 	}
 }
 
diff --git a/src/garage/repair.rs b/src/garage/repair.rs
index 1ae26181..ae28f351 100644
--- a/src/garage/repair.rs
+++ b/src/garage/repair.rs
@@ -72,8 +72,8 @@ impl Repair {
 					Some(pair) => pair,
 					None => break,
 				};
-				pos = k.into_vec();
-				v.into_vec()
+				pos = k;
+				v
 			};
 
 			i += 1;
@@ -124,8 +124,8 @@ impl Repair {
 					Some(pair) => pair,
 					None => break,
 				};
-				pos = k.into_vec();
-				v.into_vec()
+				pos = k;
+				v
 			};
 
 			i += 1;
diff --git a/src/table/data.rs b/src/table/data.rs
index cca96f68..fe8c5dbc 100644
--- a/src/table/data.rs
+++ b/src/table/data.rs
@@ -138,7 +138,7 @@ where
 				}
 			};
 			if keep {
-				ret.push(Arc::new(ByteBuf::from(value.as_ref())));
+				ret.push(Arc::new(ByteBuf::from(value)));
 			}
 			if ret.len() >= limit {
 				break;
@@ -271,7 +271,7 @@ where
 	) -> Result<bool, Error> {
 		let removed = self.store.db().transaction(|mut tx| {
 			let remove_v = match tx.get(&self.store, k)? {
-				Some(cur_v) if blake2sum(&cur_v[..]) == vhash => Some(cur_v.into_vec()),
+				Some(cur_v) if blake2sum(&cur_v[..]) == vhash => Some(cur_v),
 				_ => None,
 			};
 			if remove_v.is_some() {
diff --git a/src/table/merkle.rs b/src/table/merkle.rs
index 92e1445b..dc67e8b7 100644
--- a/src/table/merkle.rs
+++ b/src/table/merkle.rs
@@ -292,7 +292,7 @@ where
 		k: &MerkleNodeKey,
 	) -> db::TxResult<MerkleNode, Error> {
 		let ent = tx.get(&self.data.merkle_tree, k.encode())?;
-		MerkleNode::decode_opt(ent).map_err(db::TxError::Abort)
+		MerkleNode::decode_opt(&ent).map_err(db::TxError::Abort)
 	}
 
 	fn put_node_txn(
@@ -316,7 +316,7 @@ where
 	// Access a node in the Merkle tree, used by the sync protocol
 	pub(crate) fn read_node(&self, k: &MerkleNodeKey) -> Result<MerkleNode, Error> {
 		let ent = self.data.merkle_tree.get(k.encode())?;
-		MerkleNode::decode_opt(ent)
+		MerkleNode::decode_opt(&ent)
 	}
 
 	pub fn merkle_tree_len(&self) -> usize {
@@ -351,7 +351,7 @@ impl MerkleNodeKey {
 }
 
 impl MerkleNode {
-	fn decode_opt(ent: Option<db::Value<'_>>) -> Result<Self, Error> {
+	fn decode_opt(ent: &Option<db::Value>) -> Result<Self, Error> {
 		match ent {
 			None => Ok(MerkleNode::Empty),
 			Some(v) => Ok(rmp_serde::decode::from_slice::<MerkleNode>(&v[..])?),
diff --git a/src/table/sync.rs b/src/table/sync.rs
index 87dfd1d8..20066d73 100644
--- a/src/table/sync.rs
+++ b/src/table/sync.rs
@@ -260,7 +260,7 @@ where
 
 			for item in self.data.store.range(begin.to_vec()..end.to_vec())? {
 				let (key, value) = item?;
-				items.push((key.to_vec(), Arc::new(ByteBuf::from(value.as_ref()))));
+				items.push((key.to_vec(), Arc::new(ByteBuf::from(value))));
 
 				if items.len() >= 1024 {
 					break;