created doc/talks subfolder and added my talk and the previous one done at the wide team
This commit is contained in:
LUXEY Adrien
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dcfc32cf85
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@ -89,7 +89,9 @@ If you encounter a specific bug in Garage or plan to patch it, you may jump dire
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We love to talk and hear about Garage, that's why we keep a log here:
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- [(fr, 2020-12-02) Garage : jouer dans la cour des grands quand on est un hébergeur associatif](https://git.deuxfleurs.fr/Deuxfleurs/garage/src/branch/main/doc/20201202_talk/talk.pdf)
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- [(en, 2021-04-28) Distributed object storage is centralised](https://git.deuxfleurs.fr/Deuxfleurs/garage/raw/branch/talks/doc/main/2021-04-28_spirals-team/talk.pdf)
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- [(fr, 2020-12-02) Garage : jouer dans la cour des grands quand on est un hébergeur associatif](https://git.deuxfleurs.fr/Deuxfleurs/garage/raw/branch/main/doc/talks/2020-12-02_wide-team/talk.pdf)
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*Did you write or talk about Garage? [Open a pull request](https://git.deuxfleurs.fr/Deuxfleurs/garage/) to add a link here!*
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@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
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*.bbl
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*.aux
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*.bcf
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*.blg
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*.log
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*.run.xml
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*.synctex.gz
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build/
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main.pdf
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figures/crdt.pdf
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@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
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.PHONY: all viewpdf pdf clean
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TARGET = main
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SOURCE_FILES = $(shell find . -type f -name "*.tex" -print)
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CLASS_FILES = $(shell find . -type f -name "*.cls" -print)
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BIB_FILES = $(shell find . -type f -name "*.bib" -print)
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FIGURES = $(shell find . -path "./figures/*" -type f -print)
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BUILD_PATH = build
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BUILD_FILES = $(shell find $(BUILD_PATH) -type f -print)
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BIB_PROCESSOR := biber
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.PHONY: all pdf clean figures
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all: pdf
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pdf: $(TARGET).pdf
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clean:
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@rm $(TARGET).pdf $(BUILD_FILES) > /dev/null 2>&1 || exit 0
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figures: figures/crdt.pdf
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$(TARGET).pdf: figures $(FIGURES) $(SOURCE_FILES) $(BIB_FILES) $(CLASS_FILES)
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@mkdir -p $(BUILD_PATH) > /dev/null 2>&1 || exit 0
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@pdflatex -interaction=nonstopmode -jobname=$(TARGET) -output-directory $(BUILD_PATH) $(TARGET).tex
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@$(BIB_PROCESSOR) --output-directory $(BUILD_PATH) $(TARGET)
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@pdflatex -interaction=nonstopmode -jobname=$(TARGET) -output-directory $(BUILD_PATH) $(TARGET).tex # For biber
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@pdflatex -interaction=nonstopmode -jobname=$(TARGET) -output-directory $(BUILD_PATH) $(TARGET).tex # For biber
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@ln -fs $(BUILD_PATH)/$(TARGET).pdf $(TARGET).pdf
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figures/crdt.pdf: figures/svg/crdt.svg
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@inkscape -C --file=$< --export-pdf=$@
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@ -0,0 +1 @@
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Presentation of Garage by Adrien on April, 28th 2021, for his research team [Spirals](https://team.inria.fr/spirals/).
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@inproceedings{brewer_towards_2000,
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title = {Towards {{Robust Distributed Systems}}},
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booktitle = {{{ACM PODC}}},
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author = {Brewer, Eric},
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year = {2000}
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}
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@incollection{defago_conflict-free_2011,
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title = {Conflict-{{Free Replicated Data Types}}},
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booktitle = {Stabilization, {{Safety}}, and {{Security}} of {{Distributed Systems}}},
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author = {Shapiro, Marc and Pregui{\c c}a, Nuno and Baquero, Carlos and Zawirski, Marek},
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year = {2011},
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address = {{Berlin, Heidelberg}},
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}
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@inproceedings{decandia_dynamo:_2007,
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title = {Dynamo: {{Amazon}}'s {{Highly Available Key}}-Value {{Store}}},
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booktitle = {{ACM SOSP}},
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author = {DeCandia, Giuseppe and Hastorun, Deniz and Jampani, Madan and Kakulapati, Gunavardhan and Lakshman, Avinash and Pilchin, Alex and Sivasubramanian, Swaminathan and Vosshall, Peter and Vogels, Werner},
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year = {2007},
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address = {{New York, USA}},
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}
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\section{Conclusion}
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\begin{frame}{The future is cooler when we bend it our way}
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Contributions welcome! :D
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\end{frame}
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\section{Escaping the cloud}
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% %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
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% \begin{frame}{Down to Earth with home-hosting}
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% \todo{Stanley Parabole reference?}
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% \end{frame}
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%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
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\begin{frame}{Why?}
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\begin{itemize}
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\item \textbf{Privacy}: no prying eyes besides your ISP
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\item \textbf{Control} of your infrastructure
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\item \textbf{Ecology}: reuse old hardware
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\end{itemize}
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\vfill
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\begin{block}{\emph{Tim Berners-Lee} (1994)}
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``Now, if someone tries to monopolize the Web, for example pushes proprietary variations on network protocols, then that would make me unhappy.''
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\end{block}
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\begin{itemize}
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\item Make Tim Berners-Lee happy
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\end{itemize}
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\end{frame}
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%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
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\begin{frame}{What?}
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\centering\Large
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A data store for commodity hardware on heterogenous household connections.
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\vfill\raggedright\normalsize
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\begin{block}{Targetting user-facing services}
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\begin{itemize}
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\item Static sites
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\item E-mails
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\item Instant communication
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%\item Video streaming % No need for a data store
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\item Collaboration
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\end{itemize}
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\end{block}
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\vfill
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Nothing fancy like sensors data streams, AI or IoT.
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\end{frame}
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%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
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\begin{frame}{What?}
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\begin{block}{Requirements}
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\begin{itemize}
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\item \textbf{No single point of failure} / flat hierarchy:
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Any node can die for extended periods of time.
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\item \textbf{Multi-site}: cluster spans regions/countries.
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\item \textbf{Acceptable performance}.
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\item \textbf{Lightweight}: targets legacy hardware.
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\item \textbf{Conceptually simple}: built for low-tech organisations.
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Adding/maintaining cluster nodes should be easy.
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\end{itemize}
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\end{block}
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\vfill
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\begin{block}{Non-goals}
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\begin{itemize}
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\item \textbf{Super badass performance}.
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\item \textbf{NAT traversal} etc.: we require full-mesh connectivity.
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\end{itemize}
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\end{block}
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\end{frame}
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%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
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\begin{frame}{How?}
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\begin{itemize}
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\item Theoretically possible with object storage \& CRDTs.
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\vfill
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\item Household uplinks are getting decent (optical fibers).
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\end{itemize}
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\end{frame}
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%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
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\begin{frame}{Research Questions}
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\begin{itemize}
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\item Decent performance despite bad inter-node connectivity.
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\vfill
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\item Tailoring workloads as a function of nodes' capabilities:
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\begin{itemize}
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\item Make use of low-end nodes (e.g. Raspberry Pis),
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\item Avoid impeding global performance because of low-end nodes.
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\end{itemize}
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\vfill
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\item Building CRDTs for target use-cases:
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\begin{itemize}
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\item Software engineering: DSL or native code?
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\item Provide APIs to data store users? Risky?
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\end{itemize}
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\vfill
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\item Cluster management: effortless UX, low perf. overhead.
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\end{itemize}
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\end{frame}
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After Width: | Height: | Size: 9.4 KiB |
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@ -0,0 +1,147 @@
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\section{Introducing Garage}
|
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|
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%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
|
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\begin{frame}{Brought to you by the Deuxfleurs association}
|
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\begin{block}{\textbf{deuxfleurs.fr} -- a libre hosting association with a vision}
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``Shifting the current structure of the Internet from a world of a few very large service providers, to a world where services are hosted by a variety of smaller organisations.''
|
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\end{block}
|
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|
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|
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\begin{block}{Our goals}
|
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\begin{itemize}
|
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\item To propose performant \& reliable libre services for the masses
|
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\item To host and administer our infrastructure ourselves
|
||||
\item To allow members to contribute storage/compute nodes
|
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\item Resilience: for availability \& the sysadmins' sleep
|
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\item Conceptual simplicity to ease onboarding \& demistify hosting
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\end{itemize}
|
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\end{block}
|
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|
||||
|
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\end{frame}
|
||||
|
||||
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
|
||||
\begin{frame}{The lacking state of the practice}
|
||||
|
||||
\begin{block}{Object storage fitted our needs}
|
||||
\begin{itemize}
|
||||
\item Distributed by design
|
||||
\item Objects are replicated
|
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\item Conceptually simple
|
||||
\end{itemize}
|
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\end{block}
|
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\vfill
|
||||
|
||||
\begin{block}{Existing object stores did not}
|
||||
\begin{itemize}
|
||||
\item Too specific / complex
|
||||
\item Resource hungry
|
||||
\item Hidden constraints
|
||||
\end{itemize}
|
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\end{block}
|
||||
\vfill
|
||||
|
||||
We developed Garage, an object store with minimal functionality.
|
||||
|
||||
It works, and serves our static sites and media.
|
||||
|
||||
\end{frame}
|
||||
|
||||
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
|
||||
\begin{frame}{Introducing Garage}
|
||||
|
||||
\centering
|
||||
\url{garagehq.deuxfleurs.fr}
|
||||
|
||||
\url{git.deuxfleurs.fr/Deuxfleurs/garage}
|
||||
|
||||
\includegraphics[width=.4\columnwidth]{figures/garage_distributed.png}
|
||||
\vfill
|
||||
|
||||
\raggedright
|
||||
\begin{itemize}
|
||||
\item Distributed data store
|
||||
\item Based on DynamoDB object store (P2P!)
|
||||
\item Modular data types/protocols with CRDTs:
|
||||
\begin{itemize}
|
||||
\item Done: objects (media, static sites, backups...) via S3 API
|
||||
\item To do: e-mails via IMAP protocol, and more
|
||||
\end{itemize}
|
||||
\end{itemize}
|
||||
|
||||
\end{frame}
|
||||
|
||||
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
|
||||
\begin{frame}[t]{The \textbf{RING}}
|
||||
|
||||
\centering
|
||||
\fullcite{decandia_dynamo:_2007}
|
||||
\vspace{3ex}
|
||||
|
||||
\only<1>{\includegraphics[width=.5\columnwidth]{figures/c1.pdf}}%
|
||||
\only<2>{\includegraphics[width=.5\columnwidth]{figures/c2.pdf}}%
|
||||
\only<3>{\includegraphics[width=.5\columnwidth]{figures/c3.pdf}}%
|
||||
\only<4>{\includegraphics[width=.5\columnwidth]{figures/c4.pdf}}%
|
||||
\vspace{5ex}
|
||||
|
||||
%\raggedright
|
||||
\only<1>{Each node is assigned a unique ID on the circular address space.}%
|
||||
\only<2-3>{When a new object is added to the store...}%
|
||||
\only<3>{\\ It is assigned a unique ID (its \emph{key}) on the address space.}%
|
||||
\only<4>{The $R$ nodes after the object are in charge of replicating it.}%
|
||||
|
||||
\end{frame}
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
|
||||
\begin{frame}{Distributed metadata}
|
||||
|
||||
\centering
|
||||
\includegraphics[width=.8\columnwidth]{figures/garage_tables.pdf}
|
||||
\vfill
|
||||
|
||||
The objects, versions and blocks are all stored in the ring.
|
||||
|
||||
\end{frame}
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
|
||||
\begin{frame}{Written in Rust}
|
||||
|
||||
\begin{columns}
|
||||
\column{.65\columnwidth}
|
||||
Entirely written in Rust!
|
||||
\column{.35\columnwidth}
|
||||
\centering
|
||||
\includegraphics[width=.85\columnwidth]{figures/rustacean-flat-happy.png}
|
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\end{columns}
|
||||
\vfill
|
||||
|
||||
\begin{columns}
|
||||
\column[t]{.6\columnwidth}
|
||||
\textbf{Pros:}
|
||||
\begin{itemize}
|
||||
\item Compiled and fast
|
||||
\item Features prevent usual mistakes:
|
||||
|
||||
strongly typed, immutable by default, ownership instead of GC...
|
||||
|
||||
\item Best of several paradigms:
|
||||
|
||||
imperative, OO, functional
|
||||
|
||||
\item Good libraries for network programmings:
|
||||
|
||||
serialization, http, async/await...
|
||||
\end{itemize}
|
||||
\column[t]{.4\columnwidth}
|
||||
\textbf{Cons}:
|
||||
\begin{itemize}
|
||||
\item Steep learning curve
|
||||
\item Long compilation times
|
||||
\item Compiler rage
|
||||
\end{itemize}
|
||||
\end{columns}
|
||||
|
||||
\end{frame}
|
||||
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,134 @@
|
|||
%% Imports %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
|
||||
\usepackage{graphicx}
|
||||
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
|
||||
\usepackage{csquotes} % Elegant quotes (must be loaded before babel)
|
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\usepackage[english]{babel}
|
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\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
|
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% \usepackage{amsfonts}
|
||||
% \usepackage{amssymb}
|
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%\usepackage{lmodern}
|
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\usepackage{iwona}
|
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\usepackage{color}
|
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\usepackage{xspace}
|
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\usepackage{amsmath}
|
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\usepackage{hanging}
|
||||
\usepackage{listings}
|
||||
\lstset{basicstyle=\scriptsize}
|
||||
\usepackage{tikz}
|
||||
\usepackage{tikzsymbols} % For emojis
|
||||
%\usepackage{setspace} % Activation disables footnoes
|
||||
\usepackage{perpage} % Reset footnote counter every page
|
||||
\MakePerPage{footnote}
|
||||
\usepackage{nameref} % For printing the sections' name
|
||||
\usepackage{hyperref}
|
||||
|
||||
%% Biblio %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
|
||||
\usepackage[style=alphabetic,giveninits=true,sorting=none,hyperref,backend=biber,maxnames=3]{biblatex}
|
||||
\addbibresource{bibliography.bib}
|
||||
|
||||
%% Templating %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
|
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\usepackage{pgf}
|
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\usepackage{xifthen, tikz}
|
||||
|
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\usetheme{default}
|
||||
|
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\makeatletter
|
||||
|
||||
|
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%%% colors
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\definecolor{bleuroi}{RGB}{0, 8, 88}
|
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\definecolor{vertemeraude}{RGB}{0, 64, 44}
|
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\definecolor{lightgray}{RGB}{245,245,245}
|
||||
\definecolor{encre_de_chine}{RGB}{9,36,53}
|
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\definecolor{im_lost_in_your_eyes}{RGB}{110,138,159}
|
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\definecolor{metallic_grey}{RGB}{209,219,221}
|
||||
\definecolor{metallic_white}{RGB}{229,239,241}
|
||||
\definecolor{boss}{RGB}{229,72,27}
|
||||
\definecolor{toon_eyes}{RGB}{3,4,6}
|
||||
|
||||
\setbeamercolor{frametitle}{bg=bleuroi,fg=white}
|
||||
\setbeamercolor*{normal text}{fg=toon_eyes,bg=white}
|
||||
\setbeamercolor*{block title}{fg=white,bg=vertemeraude}
|
||||
\setbeamercolor*{block body}{fg=toon_eyes,bg=vertemeraude!5}
|
||||
\setbeamercolor{alerted text}{fg=vertemeraude}
|
||||
\setbeamercolor*{example text}{fg=toon_eyes,bg=white}
|
||||
\setbeamercolor*{structure}{fg=bleuroi,bg=white}
|
||||
% sectionnavigation:
|
||||
\setbeamercolor*{section in head/foot}{fg=bleuroi,bg=white}
|
||||
|
||||
% \let\oldtextbf\textbf
|
||||
% \renewcommand{\textbf}[1]{\textcolor{bleuroi}{\oldtextbf{#1}}}
|
||||
|
||||
%%% Rounded boxes with no shading
|
||||
\pgfdeclareverticalshading[lower.bg,upper.bg]{bmb@transition}{200cm}{%
|
||||
color(0pt)=(upper.bg); color(2pt)=(upper.bg); color(4pt)=(upper.bg)}
|
||||
\setbeamertemplate{blocks}[rounded][shadow=false]
|
||||
|
||||
%%% Who on Earth uses navigation bars?
|
||||
\setbeamertemplate{navigation symbols}{}
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
%%% Headline with sections
|
||||
\setbeamertemplate{headline}
|
||||
{%
|
||||
\begin{beamercolorbox}[wd=\paperwidth,dp=.5ex,ht=2ex]{section in head/foot}
|
||||
\insertsectionnavigationhorizontal{\paperwidth}{\hskip0pt plus1fill}{\hskip0pt plus1fill}\par % Centered
|
||||
%\insertsectionnavigationhorizontal{\paperwidth}{}{\hfill\hfill} % Left aligned
|
||||
\end{beamercolorbox}%
|
||||
}
|
||||
% Set the colors of the section bar
|
||||
\usesectionheadtemplate
|
||||
{\colorbox{fg}{\color{bg} \insertsectionhead}}
|
||||
{\color{fg!40!bg} \insertsectionhead}
|
||||
|
||||
% \newlength\lpg@linewd
|
||||
% \setbox0=\hbox{\strut}
|
||||
% \newlength\strutht \strutht\ht0
|
||||
% \newlength\strutdp \strutdp\dp0
|
||||
|
||||
\setbeamertemplate{frametitle}
|
||||
{
|
||||
\begin{beamercolorbox}[wd=\paperwidth,dp=1ex,ht=2.6ex,leftskip=.7cm,rightskip=.7cm]{frametitle}
|
||||
%\vskip-1ex
|
||||
%[wd=\lpg@linewd, ht=\strutht, dp=\strutdp]{frametitle}
|
||||
%\vskip-.8ex\hskip0.7cm
|
||||
%\vskip-.8ex
|
||||
\usebeamerfont{frametitle}\strut\insertframetitle
|
||||
\ifx\insertframesubtitle\@empty
|
||||
\else
|
||||
\hfill \usebeamerfont{framesubtitle}\strut\insertframesubtitle
|
||||
\fi%
|
||||
\end{beamercolorbox}
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
%%% Page numbering in footline
|
||||
\setbeamertemplate{footline}{
|
||||
\hbox{\begin{beamercolorbox}[wd=1\paperwidth,ht=2.5ex,dp=1ex,right]{framenumber in head/foot}%
|
||||
\usebeamerfont{framenumber in head/foot}%
|
||||
%\insertframenumber\space/\space\inserttotalframenumber\hspace{0.3em}
|
||||
\insertframenumber\hspace{0.5em}
|
||||
\end{beamercolorbox}}}
|
||||
|
||||
%%% Reduce foot citation size
|
||||
\renewcommand{\footnotesize}{\tiny}
|
||||
|
||||
%%% Display footnotes (not working, still no footnotes)
|
||||
% \setbeamertemplate{footnote}{%
|
||||
% \hangpara{2em}{1}%
|
||||
% \makebox[2em][l]{\insertfootnotemark}\footnotesize\insertfootnotetext\par%
|
||||
% }
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
\makeatother
|
||||
|
||||
%% Commentaires %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
|
||||
\newcommand{\annote}[3]{{
|
||||
\colorbox{#3}{\bfseries\sffamily\footnotesize\textcolor{white}{#2}}
|
||||
\color{#3}
|
||||
$\blacktriangleright$\textit{#1}$\blacktriangleleft$}
|
||||
}
|
||||
%% Uncomment for final version (removes notes)
|
||||
%\renewcommand{\annote}[3]{}
|
||||
|
||||
\newcommand{\todo}[1]{\annote{#1}{TODO}{green}}
|
||||
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
|
|||
\section{Introduction}
|
||||
|
||||
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
|
||||
\begin{frame}{A very casual motivation}
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
\begin{center}
|
||||
\Large
|
||||
I want to host \textbf{resilient web services} with \textbf{acceptable performance} on commodity hardware behind \textbf{household networks}.
|
||||
\end{center}
|
||||
\vfill
|
||||
|
||||
\begin{block}{Keywords}
|
||||
\begin{columns}
|
||||
\column{.5\columnwidth}
|
||||
\begin{itemize}
|
||||
\item Decentralised networks
|
||||
\item Edge computing
|
||||
\end{itemize}
|
||||
\column{.5\columnwidth}
|
||||
\begin{itemize}
|
||||
\item Distributed storage
|
||||
\item Privacy
|
||||
\end{itemize}
|
||||
\end{columns}
|
||||
\end{block}
|
||||
|
||||
\end{frame}
|
||||
|
||||
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
|
||||
\begin{frame}{Context}
|
||||
|
||||
\textbf{Resilience}: Ability to recover quickly from failures and changes.
|
||||
\vspace{1ex}
|
||||
|
||||
Only achievable through distribution of the hosted applications across several physical locations.
|
||||
\vfill
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
\begin{block}{Application = \textbf{computations} on \textbf{data}}
|
||||
\begin{itemize}
|
||||
\item \textbf{Computation}: Stateless; easy to distribute \& orchestrate.
|
||||
% where it is performed does not matter as long as the application's state is accessible R/W
|
||||
%Computation units are "easy" to distribute and orchestrate.
|
||||
|
||||
\item \textbf{Data}: Stateful; hard to distribute \& full of trade-offs.
|
||||
\end{itemize}
|
||||
\end{block}
|
||||
|
||||
\end{frame}
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
|
||||
\begin{frame}{Concurrent writes example}{How to lose vaccines}
|
||||
|
||||
\centering
|
||||
|
||||
\includegraphics[width=.5\columnwidth]{figures/conflict_problem.pdf}
|
||||
\end{frame}
|
||||
|
||||
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
|
||||
\begin{frame}{The problem}
|
||||
|
||||
% \textbf{Path dependency}: existing data stores are built for data centres.
|
||||
|
||||
% $\implies$ They assume good inter-node connectivity.
|
||||
% \vfill
|
||||
|
||||
\begin{center}
|
||||
\Large
|
||||
Can we design an available data store tailored for adverse network conditions?
|
||||
\end{center}
|
||||
|
||||
\end{frame}
|
||||
|
||||
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
|
||||
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
|
||||
% Maybe more framing of the context. What kind of data storage? Object vs Block vs what?
|
||||
% \begin{frame}{``Stateless'', ``serverless'', and the elephant in the room}
|
||||
|
||||
% It seems easy to deploy \& administer web services nowadays ...
|
||||
|
||||
% Because the inherent complexity is shadowed by proprietary ``cloud'' solutions.
|
||||
|
||||
% The IT crowd can gloss over ``statelessness'' \emph{ad nauseam} ...
|
||||
|
||||
% But storing \emph{state} remains an open research problem.
|
||||
|
||||
% Data storage is either:
|
||||
|
||||
% \begin{itemize}
|
||||
% \item A single point of failure;
|
||||
% \item Delegated to proprietary solutions;
|
||||
% \item Pain.
|
||||
% \end{itemize}
|
||||
|
||||
% Today, we will review networked storage's history, and discuss open research questions.
|
||||
|
||||
% \end{frame}
|
||||
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
|
|||
\documentclass[compress]{beamer}
|
||||
|
||||
\input{header.tex}
|
||||
|
||||
%% Metadata %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
|
||||
\title{Distributed object storage is centralised}
|
||||
\subtitle{A quest for autonomy in the modern hosting ecology}
|
||||
\author{Adrien Luxey}
|
||||
\date{Wednesday, 28th April, 2021}
|
||||
|
||||
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
|
||||
%% Begin document %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
|
||||
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
|
||||
\begin{document}
|
||||
|
||||
%% Title page %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
|
||||
{
|
||||
\setbeamertemplate{footline}{}
|
||||
\setbeamertemplate{headline}{}
|
||||
\begin{frame}
|
||||
\titlepage
|
||||
\end{frame}
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
%% Contents %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
|
||||
\input{introduction.tex}
|
||||
\input{sota.tex}
|
||||
\input{escaping_the_cloud.tex}
|
||||
\input{garage.tex}
|
||||
\input{conclusion.tex}
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
%% Bibliography %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
|
||||
|
||||
% \begin{frame}
|
||||
% \large
|
||||
% \raggedright
|
||||
% Références
|
||||
|
||||
% \printbibliography
|
||||
% \end{frame}
|
||||
|
||||
%% Ending %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
|
||||
{
|
||||
\setbeamertemplate{footline}{}
|
||||
\setbeamertemplate{headline}{}
|
||||
\begin{frame}
|
||||
\centering
|
||||
|
||||
\vspace{1cm}
|
||||
\Large Thank you for your attention.
|
||||
|
||||
\vspace{2cm}
|
||||
\large Now let's chat!
|
||||
|
||||
\vspace{1cm}
|
||||
\raggedleft
|
||||
\includegraphics[width=.2\textwidth]{figures/m_proxy_gray.pdf}
|
||||
\end{frame}
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
%% Appendices %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
|
||||
|
||||
% \appendix
|
||||
% \input{sprinkler_appendix.tex}
|
||||
% \input{cascade_appendix.tex}
|
||||
% \input{spores_appendix.tex}
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
\end{document}
|
||||
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,323 @@
|
|||
\section{State of the art}
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
|
||||
\begin{frame}{The CAP theorem}{Consistency vs. Availability}
|
||||
|
||||
\begin{block}{Eric Brewer's theorem}
|
||||
``A shared-state system can have \textbf{at most two} of the following properties at any given time:
|
||||
|
||||
\begin{itemize}
|
||||
\item \textbf{C}onsistency
|
||||
\item \textbf{A}vailability
|
||||
\item \textbf{P}artition tolerance''
|
||||
\end{itemize}
|
||||
\end{block}
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
\begin{center}
|
||||
\Large
|
||||
Under network partitions, a distributed data store has to sacrifice either availability or consistency.
|
||||
\end{center}
|
||||
\vfill
|
||||
|
||||
\begin{itemize}
|
||||
\item \textbf{Consistency-first}: Abort incoming queries;
|
||||
\item \textbf{Availability-first}: Return possibly stale data.
|
||||
\end{itemize}
|
||||
|
||||
\end{frame}
|
||||
|
||||
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
|
||||
\begin{frame}{Consistency-first: the ACID model}{Consistency vs. Availability}
|
||||
|
||||
\textbf{Transaction}: unit of work within an ACID data store.
|
||||
%Comprises multiple operations.
|
||||
%E.g. bank transfer.
|
||||
%E.g. a bank transfer from A to B is a transaction involving two operations: withdraw money from A & credit B with the same money amount.
|
||||
\vfill
|
||||
|
||||
\begin{itemize}
|
||||
\item \textbf{\underline{A}tomicity}: Transactions either complete entirely or fail.
|
||||
|
||||
No transaction ever seen as in-progress.
|
||||
|
||||
\item \textbf{\underline{C}onsistency}: Transactions always generate a valid state.
|
||||
|
||||
The database maintains its invariants across transactions.
|
||||
|
||||
\item \textbf{\underline{I}solation}: Concurrent transactions are seen as sequential.
|
||||
|
||||
Transactions are serializable, or sequentially consistent.
|
||||
|
||||
\item \textbf{\underline{D}urability}: Committed transactions are never forgotten.
|
||||
\end{itemize}
|
||||
\vfill\centering
|
||||
|
||||
Reads are fast, writes are slow.
|
||||
|
||||
\vfill\raggedright
|
||||
|
||||
Example: relational databases.
|
||||
\end{frame}
|
||||
|
||||
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
|
||||
\begin{frame}[fragile]{Concurrent writes in ACID}{Consistency vs. Availability}
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
\begin{columns}
|
||||
\column{.5\columnwidth}
|
||||
\begin{block}{}
|
||||
\begin{lstlisting}
|
||||
transaction AcqDoses(y):
|
||||
x <- SELECT #vaccines;
|
||||
UPDATE #vaccines = (x + y);
|
||||
\end{lstlisting}
|
||||
\end{block}
|
||||
\vspace{5ex}
|
||||
|
||||
Supports compound operations.
|
||||
\column{.5\columnwidth}
|
||||
\centering
|
||||
\includegraphics[width=\columnwidth]{figures/conflict_acid.pdf}
|
||||
\end{columns}
|
||||
|
||||
\end{frame}
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
|
||||
\begin{frame}{Availability-first: the BASE model}{Consistency vs. Availability}
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Some apps prefer availability, e.g. Amazon products' reviews.
|
||||
\vfill
|
||||
|
||||
The BASE model trades Consistency \& Isolation for Availability.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
%Some applications do not care about strong consistency and prefer being highly available (e.g. Amazon's product reviews).
|
||||
|
||||
%In order to achieve higher availability, the BASE model relaxes consistency constraints of the ACID model: "eventual consistency".
|
||||
\vfill
|
||||
|
||||
\begin{itemize}
|
||||
\item \textbf{\underline{B}asic \underline{A}vailability}:
|
||||
The data store thrives to be available.
|
||||
|
||||
\item \textbf{\underline{S}oft-state}:
|
||||
Replicas can disagree on the valid state.
|
||||
|
||||
\item \textbf{\underline{E}ventual consistency}:
|
||||
In the absence of write queries,
|
||||
the data store will eventually converge to a single valid state.
|
||||
\end{itemize}
|
||||
\vfill\centering
|
||||
|
||||
Writes are fast, reads are slow.
|
||||
|
||||
\vfill\raggedright
|
||||
|
||||
Examples: key-value \& object stores.
|
||||
|
||||
\end{frame}
|
||||
|
||||
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
|
||||
\begin{frame}{Concurrent writes in BASE}{Consistency vs. Availability}
|
||||
|
||||
\begin{columns}
|
||||
\column{.5\columnwidth}
|
||||
\begin{block}{Object}
|
||||
\begin{itemize}
|
||||
\item Unique key
|
||||
\item Arbitrary value
|
||||
\item Metadata
|
||||
\end{itemize}
|
||||
\end{block}
|
||||
\vspace{5ex}
|
||||
|
||||
Conflict resolution = client's job!
|
||||
\vspace{5ex}
|
||||
|
||||
No compound operations.
|
||||
\column{.5\columnwidth}
|
||||
\centering
|
||||
\includegraphics[width=\columnwidth]{figures/conflict_base.pdf}
|
||||
\end{columns}
|
||||
|
||||
% KV storage is another example, distinction is minor here
|
||||
|
||||
% Object = unique key, arbitrary value, metadata.
|
||||
|
||||
% Object storage only provides semantics to investigate causal order of queries *for individual objects*. No compound operations, no transactions.
|
||||
|
||||
% Much easier to distribute, and "scale-out".
|
||||
|
||||
% Write is fast, read is slow (gotta collect all object versions).
|
||||
|
||||
% \todo{vaccines example with BASE model}
|
||||
|
||||
\end{frame}
|
||||
|
||||
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
|
||||
\begin{frame}{Strong Eventual Consistency w/ CRDTs}{Consistency vs. Availability}
|
||||
|
||||
\centering\small
|
||||
|
||||
\fullcite{defago_conflict-free_2011}
|
||||
|
||||
\vfill\raggedright\normalsize
|
||||
|
||||
\begin{block}{Strong Eventual Consistency (SEC)}
|
||||
\begin{itemize}
|
||||
\item CRDTs specify distributed operations
|
||||
\item Conflicts will be solved according to specification
|
||||
\item Proven \& bound eventual convergence
|
||||
\end{itemize}
|
||||
\end{block}
|
||||
|
||||
\vfill\centering
|
||||
\includegraphics[width=.5\columnwidth]{figures/crdt.pdf}
|
||||
|
||||
\end{frame}
|
||||
|
||||
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
|
||||
\begin{frame}[fragile]{Concurrent writes with CRDTs}{Consistency vs. Availability}
|
||||
|
||||
\begin{columns}
|
||||
\column{.5\columnwidth}
|
||||
\begin{block}{}
|
||||
\begin{lstlisting}
|
||||
CRDT Counter(x0):
|
||||
history = {}
|
||||
op. incr(y):
|
||||
history U= {(UUID(), y)}
|
||||
op. decr(y):
|
||||
history U= {(UUID(), -y)}
|
||||
op. read():
|
||||
x = x0
|
||||
for (_, y) in history:
|
||||
x += y
|
||||
return x
|
||||
\end{lstlisting}
|
||||
\end{block}
|
||||
\vspace{2ex}
|
||||
|
||||
Operations commute?
|
||||
|
||||
$\implies$ screw total order!
|
||||
\column{.5\columnwidth}
|
||||
\centering
|
||||
\includegraphics[width=\columnwidth]{figures/conflict_crdt.pdf}
|
||||
\end{columns}
|
||||
|
||||
\end{frame}
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
|
||||
\begin{frame}{A complex CRDT: the DAG}{Consistency vs. Availability}
|
||||
|
||||
\centering
|
||||
\only<1>{\includegraphics[height=\textheight]{figures/dag_crdt.png}}%
|
||||
\only<2>{
|
||||
Just to say I swept a lot under the rug.
|
||||
\vfill
|
||||
|
||||
For details, go read:
|
||||
|
||||
\fullcite{defago_conflict-free_2011}
|
||||
\vfill
|
||||
|
||||
For an implementation, check \textbf{AntidoteDB}.
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
\end{frame}
|
||||
|
||||
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
|
||||
\begin{frame}{State of the practice}{Path dependency to the ``cloud''}
|
||||
|
||||
\begin{block}{The BASE model is fashionable because}
|
||||
\centering
|
||||
|
||||
``\emph{High-performance} object storage for \emph{AI analytics} with PBs of \emph{IoT data streams} at the \emph{edge}, using \emph{5G}.''
|
||||
% \begin{itemize}
|
||||
% \item Highest performance
|
||||
% \item IoT data streams are inherently distributed
|
||||
% \end{itemize}
|
||||
\end{block}
|
||||
|
||||
\vfill\centering
|
||||
|
||||
\includegraphics[width=.9\columnwidth]{figures/minio_edge.png}
|
||||
|
||||
\vfill\raggedright
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
%\begin{block}{}
|
||||
\begin{itemize}
|
||||
\item Always backed by cloud: high performance network links.
|
||||
\item Edge nodes always seen as clients or data sources, not peers.
|
||||
\end{itemize}
|
||||
%\end{block}
|
||||
|
||||
% There is \textbf{always a central cloud cluster} in these use-cases.
|
||||
|
||||
% Hidden constraint: \textbf{high performance inter-node connectivity}.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
\end{frame}
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
|
||||
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
|
||||
% \begin{frame}{A brief history of storage}
|
||||
|
||||
% We keep it short because we'll follow chronological order in the next section too.
|
||||
|
||||
% \end{frame}
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
% \begin{frame}{In the beginning, there were \emph{monoliths}}
|
||||
|
||||
% \includegraphics[width=.5\columnwidth]{figures/stonehenge.jpg}
|
||||
|
||||
% Web applications used to be monolithic:
|
||||
|
||||
% \begin{itemize}
|
||||
% \item One or two servers;
|
||||
% \item Availability was not an obsession;
|
||||
% \item Latency was acceptable.
|
||||
% \end{itemize}
|
||||
|
||||
% Relational databases were queens.
|
||||
|
||||
% \end{frame}
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
% \begin{frame}{Then came \emph{expectations}}
|
||||
% Then, the whole world went online, and suddenly: expectations!
|
||||
|
||||
% \begin{itemize}
|
||||
% \item ``Milliseconds matter.'' (Algolia slogan)
|
||||
% \item Critical networked services (healthcare, logistics) need 100\% availability
|
||||
% \end{itemize}
|
||||
|
||||
% $\implies$ Microservices \& horizontal scalability.
|
||||
|
||||
% \todo{Develop on the `herd not sheep' paradigm a bit.}
|
||||
|
||||
% \end{frame}
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
% \begin{frame}{Distributing state/storage: the remaining unknown}
|
||||
|
||||
% The microservices orchestration game works well for \emph{stateless} services.
|
||||
|
||||
% However, any application requires \emph{state}, persistent data.
|
||||
|
||||
% And this is tough. As we will now see.
|
||||
|
||||
% (Not that it's not well studied: distributed storage has always been fashionable.)
|
||||
|
||||
% \end{frame}
|
||||
Binary file not shown.
Loading…
Reference in New Issue