247 changed files with 10453 additions and 26547 deletions
--- a/.drone.yml
+++ b/.drone.yml
@ -0,0 +1,300 @@
+---
+kind: pipeline
+name: default
+
+node:
+  nix-daemon: 1
+
+steps:
+  - name: check formatting
+    image: nixpkgs/nix:nixos-22.05
+    commands:
+      - nix-shell --attr rust --run "cargo fmt -- --check"
+
+  - name: build
+    image: nixpkgs/nix:nixos-22.05
+    commands:
+      - nix-build --no-build-output --attr clippy.amd64 --argstr git_version ${DRONE_TAG:-$DRONE_COMMIT}
+
+  - name: unit + func tests
+    image: nixpkgs/nix:nixos-22.05
+    environment:
+      GARAGE_TEST_INTEGRATION_EXE: result-bin/bin/garage
+      GARAGE_TEST_INTEGRATION_PATH: tmp-garage-integration
+    commands:
+      - nix-build --no-build-output --attr clippy.amd64 --argstr git_version ${DRONE_TAG:-$DRONE_COMMIT}
+      - nix-build --no-build-output --attr test.amd64
+      - ./result/bin/garage_db-*
+      - ./result/bin/garage_api-*
+      - ./result/bin/garage_model-*
+      - ./result/bin/garage_rpc-*
+      - ./result/bin/garage_table-*
+      - ./result/bin/garage_util-*
+      - ./result/bin/garage_web-*
+      - ./result/bin/garage-*
+      - ./result/bin/integration-* || (cat tmp-garage-integration/stderr.log; false)
+      - rm result
+      - rm -rv tmp-garage-integration
+
+  - name: integration tests
+    image: nixpkgs/nix:nixos-22.05
+    commands:
+      - nix-build --no-build-output --attr clippy.amd64 --argstr git_version ${DRONE_TAG:-$DRONE_COMMIT}
+      - nix-shell --attr integration --run ./script/test-smoke.sh || (cat /tmp/garage.log; false)
+
+trigger:
+  event:
+  - custom
+  - push
+  - pull_request
+  - tag
+  - cron
+
+---
+kind: pipeline
+type: docker
+name: release-linux-amd64
+
+node:
+  nix-daemon: 1
+
+steps:
+  - name: build
+    image: nixpkgs/nix:nixos-22.05
+    commands:
+      - nix-build --no-build-output --attr pkgs.amd64.release --argstr git_version ${DRONE_TAG:-$DRONE_COMMIT}
+      - nix-shell --attr rust --run "./script/not-dynamic.sh result-bin/bin/garage"
+
+  - name: integration tests
+    image: nixpkgs/nix:nixos-22.05
+    commands:
+      - nix-shell --attr integration --run ./script/test-smoke.sh || (cat /tmp/garage.log; false)
+
+  - name: upgrade tests
+    image: nixpkgs/nix:nixos-22.05
+    commands:
+      - nix-shell --attr integration --run "./script/test-upgrade.sh v0.8.4 x86_64-unknown-linux-musl" || (cat /tmp/garage.log; false)
+
+  - name: push static binary
+    image: nixpkgs/nix:nixos-22.05
+    environment:
+      AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID:
+        from_secret: garagehq_aws_access_key_id
+      AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY:
+        from_secret: garagehq_aws_secret_access_key
+      TARGET: "x86_64-unknown-linux-musl"
+    commands:
+      - nix-shell --attr release --run "to_s3"
+
+  - name: docker build and publish
+    image: nixpkgs/nix:nixos-22.05
+    environment:
+      DOCKER_AUTH:
+        from_secret: docker_auth
+      DOCKER_PLATFORM: "linux/amd64"
+      CONTAINER_NAME: "dxflrs/amd64_garage"
+      HOME: "/kaniko"
+    commands:
+      - mkdir -p /kaniko/.docker
+      - echo $DOCKER_AUTH > /kaniko/.docker/config.json
+      - export CONTAINER_TAG=${DRONE_TAG:-$DRONE_COMMIT}
+      - nix-shell --attr release --run "to_docker"
+
+
+trigger:
+  event:
+  - promote
+  - cron
+
+---
+kind: pipeline
+type: docker
+name: release-linux-i386
+
+node:
+  nix-daemon: 1
+
+steps:
+  - name: build
+    image: nixpkgs/nix:nixos-22.05
+    commands:
+      - nix-build --no-build-output --attr pkgs.i386.release --argstr git_version ${DRONE_TAG:-$DRONE_COMMIT}
+      - nix-shell --attr rust --run "./script/not-dynamic.sh result-bin/bin/garage"
+
+  - name: integration tests
+    image: nixpkgs/nix:nixos-22.05
+    commands:
+      - nix-shell --attr integration --run ./script/test-smoke.sh || (cat /tmp/garage.log; false)
+
+  - name: upgrade tests
+    image: nixpkgs/nix:nixos-22.05
+    commands:
+      - nix-shell --attr integration --run "./script/test-upgrade.sh v0.8.4 i686-unknown-linux-musl" || (cat /tmp/garage.log; false)
+
+  - name: push static binary
+    image: nixpkgs/nix:nixos-22.05
+    environment:
+      AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID:
+        from_secret: garagehq_aws_access_key_id
+      AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY:
+        from_secret: garagehq_aws_secret_access_key
+      TARGET: "i686-unknown-linux-musl"
+    commands:
+      - nix-shell --attr release --run "to_s3"
+
+  - name: docker build and publish
+    image: nixpkgs/nix:nixos-22.05
+    environment:
+      DOCKER_AUTH:
+        from_secret: docker_auth
+      DOCKER_PLATFORM: "linux/386"
+      CONTAINER_NAME: "dxflrs/386_garage"
+      HOME: "/kaniko"
+    commands:
+      - mkdir -p /kaniko/.docker
+      - echo $DOCKER_AUTH > /kaniko/.docker/config.json
+      - export CONTAINER_TAG=${DRONE_TAG:-$DRONE_COMMIT}
+      - nix-shell --attr release --run "to_docker"
+
+trigger:
+  event:
+  - promote
+  - cron
+
+---
+kind: pipeline
+type: docker
+name: release-linux-arm64
+
+node:
+  nix-daemon: 1
+
+steps:
+  - name: build
+    image: nixpkgs/nix:nixos-22.05
+    commands:
+      - nix-build --no-build-output --attr pkgs.arm64.release --argstr git_version ${DRONE_TAG:-$DRONE_COMMIT}
+      - nix-shell --attr rust --run "./script/not-dynamic.sh result-bin/bin/garage"
+
+  - name: push static binary
+    image: nixpkgs/nix:nixos-22.05
+    environment:
+      AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID:
+        from_secret: garagehq_aws_access_key_id
+      AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY:
+        from_secret: garagehq_aws_secret_access_key
+      TARGET: "aarch64-unknown-linux-musl"
+    commands:
+      - nix-shell --attr release --run "to_s3"
+
+  - name: docker build and publish
+    image: nixpkgs/nix:nixos-22.05
+    environment:
+      DOCKER_AUTH:
+        from_secret: docker_auth
+      DOCKER_PLATFORM: "linux/arm64"
+      CONTAINER_NAME: "dxflrs/arm64_garage"
+      HOME: "/kaniko"
+    commands:
+      - mkdir -p /kaniko/.docker
+      - echo $DOCKER_AUTH > /kaniko/.docker/config.json
+      - export CONTAINER_TAG=${DRONE_TAG:-$DRONE_COMMIT}
+      - nix-shell --attr release --run "to_docker"
+
+trigger:
+  event:
+  - promote
+  - cron
+
+---
+kind: pipeline
+type: docker
+name: release-linux-arm
+
+node:
+  nix-daemon: 1
+
+steps:
+  - name: build
+    image: nixpkgs/nix:nixos-22.05
+    commands:
+      - nix-build --no-build-output --attr pkgs.arm.release --argstr git_version ${DRONE_TAG:-$DRONE_COMMIT}
+      - nix-shell --attr rust --run "./script/not-dynamic.sh result-bin/bin/garage"
+
+  - name: push static binary
+    image: nixpkgs/nix:nixos-22.05
+    environment:
+      AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID:
+        from_secret: garagehq_aws_access_key_id
+      AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY:
+        from_secret: garagehq_aws_secret_access_key
+      TARGET: "armv6l-unknown-linux-musleabihf"
+    commands:
+      - nix-shell --attr release --run "to_s3"
+
+  - name: docker build and publish
+    image: nixpkgs/nix:nixos-22.05
+    environment:
+      DOCKER_AUTH:
+        from_secret: docker_auth
+      DOCKER_PLATFORM: "linux/arm"
+      CONTAINER_NAME: "dxflrs/arm_garage"
+      HOME: "/kaniko"
+    commands:
+      - mkdir -p /kaniko/.docker
+      - echo $DOCKER_AUTH > /kaniko/.docker/config.json
+      - export CONTAINER_TAG=${DRONE_TAG:-$DRONE_COMMIT}
+      - nix-shell --attr release --run "to_docker"
+
+trigger:
+  event:
+  - promote
+  - cron
+
+---
+kind: pipeline
+type: docker
+name: refresh-release-page
+
+node:
+  nix-daemon: 1
+
+steps:
+  - name: multiarch-docker
+    image: nixpkgs/nix:nixos-22.05
+    environment:
+      DOCKER_AUTH:
+        from_secret: docker_auth
+      HOME: "/root"
+    commands:
+      - mkdir -p /root/.docker
+      - echo $DOCKER_AUTH > /root/.docker/config.json
+      - export CONTAINER_TAG=${DRONE_TAG:-$DRONE_COMMIT}
+      - nix-shell --attr release --run "multiarch_docker"
+  - name: refresh-index
+    image: nixpkgs/nix:nixos-22.05
+    environment:
+      AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID:
+        from_secret: garagehq_aws_access_key_id
+      AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY:
+        from_secret: garagehq_aws_secret_access_key
+    commands:
+      - mkdir -p /etc/nix && cp nix/nix.conf /etc/nix/nix.conf
+      - nix-shell --attr release --run "refresh_index"
+
+depends_on:
+  - release-linux-amd64
+  - release-linux-i386
+  - release-linux-arm64
+  - release-linux-arm
+
+trigger:
+  event:
+  - promote
+  - cron
+
+---
+kind: signature
+hmac: 0c4b57eb4b27b7c6a6ff21ab87f0767fe3eb90f5d95d5cbcdccf794e9d2a5d86
+
+...
--- a/.woodpecker/debug.yaml
+++ b/.woodpecker/debug.yaml
@ -1,46 +0,0 @@
-when:
-  event:
-  - push
-  - tag
-  - pull_request
-  - deployment
-  - cron
-  - manual
-
-steps:
-  - name: check formatting
-    image: nixpkgs/nix:nixos-22.05
-    commands:
-      - nix-shell --attr devShell --run "cargo fmt -- --check"
-
-  - name: build
-    image: nixpkgs/nix:nixos-22.05
-    commands:
-      - nix-build --no-build-output --attr pkgs.amd64.debug --argstr git_version ${CI_COMMIT_TAG:-$CI_COMMIT_SHA}
-
-  - name: unit + func tests
-    image: nixpkgs/nix:nixos-22.05
-    environment:
-      GARAGE_TEST_INTEGRATION_EXE: result-bin/bin/garage
-      GARAGE_TEST_INTEGRATION_PATH: tmp-garage-integration
-    commands:
-      - nix-build --no-build-output --attr test.amd64 --argstr git_version ${CI_COMMIT_TAG:-$CI_COMMIT_SHA}
-      - ./result/bin/garage_db-*
-      - ./result/bin/garage_api-*
-      - ./result/bin/garage_model-*
-      - ./result/bin/garage_rpc-*
-      - ./result/bin/garage_table-*
-      - ./result/bin/garage_util-*
-      - ./result/bin/garage_web-*
-      - ./result/bin/garage-*
-      - GARAGE_TEST_INTEGRATION_DB_ENGINE=lmdb ./result/bin/integration-* || (cat tmp-garage-integration/stderr.log; false)
-      - nix-shell --attr ci --run "killall -9 garage" || true
-      - GARAGE_TEST_INTEGRATION_DB_ENGINE=sqlite ./result/bin/integration-* || (cat tmp-garage-integration/stderr.log; false)
-      - rm result
-      - rm -rv tmp-garage-integration
-
-  - name: integration tests
-    image: nixpkgs/nix:nixos-22.05
-    commands:
-      - nix-build --no-build-output --attr pkgs.amd64.debug --argstr git_version ${CI_COMMIT_TAG:-$CI_COMMIT_SHA}
-      - nix-shell --attr ci --run ./script/test-smoke.sh || (cat /tmp/garage.log; false)
--- a/.woodpecker/publish.yaml
+++ b/.woodpecker/publish.yaml
@ -1,30 +0,0 @@
-when:
-  event:
-  - deployment
-  - cron
-
-depends_on:
-  - release
-
-steps:
-  - name: refresh-index
-    image: nixpkgs/nix:nixos-22.05
-    environment:
-      AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID:
-        from_secret: garagehq_aws_access_key_id
-      AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY:
-        from_secret: garagehq_aws_secret_access_key
-    commands:
-      - mkdir -p /etc/nix && cp nix/nix.conf /etc/nix/nix.conf
-      - nix-shell --attr ci --run "refresh_index"
-
-  - name: multiarch-docker
-    image: nixpkgs/nix:nixos-22.05
-    environment:
-      DOCKER_AUTH:
-        from_secret: docker_auth
-    commands:
-      - mkdir -p /root/.docker
-      - echo $DOCKER_AUTH > /root/.docker/config.json
-      - export CONTAINER_TAG=${CI_COMMIT_TAG:-$CI_COMMIT_SHA}
-      - nix-shell --attr ci --run "multiarch_docker"
--- a/.woodpecker/release.yaml
+++ b/.woodpecker/release.yaml
@ -1,68 +0,0 @@
-when:
-  event:
-  - deployment
-  - cron
-
-matrix:
-  include:
-    - ARCH: amd64
-      TARGET: x86_64-unknown-linux-musl
-    - ARCH: i386
-      TARGET: i686-unknown-linux-musl
-    - ARCH: arm64
-      TARGET: aarch64-unknown-linux-musl
-    - ARCH: arm
-      TARGET: armv6l-unknown-linux-musleabihf
-
-steps:
-  - name: build
-    image: nixpkgs/nix:nixos-22.05
-    commands:
-      - nix-build --no-build-output --attr pkgs.${ARCH}.release --argstr git_version ${CI_COMMIT_TAG:-$CI_COMMIT_SHA}
-
-  - name: check is static binary
-    image: nixpkgs/nix:nixos-22.05
-    commands:
-      - nix-shell --attr ci --run "./script/not-dynamic.sh result-bin/bin/garage"
-
-  - name: integration tests
-    image: nixpkgs/nix:nixos-22.05
-    commands:
-      - nix-shell --attr ci --run ./script/test-smoke.sh || (cat /tmp/garage.log; false)
-    when:
-      - matrix:
-          ARCH: amd64
-      - matrix:
-          ARCH: i386
-
-  - name: upgrade tests
-    image: nixpkgs/nix:nixos-22.05
-    commands:
-      - nix-shell --attr ci --run "./script/test-upgrade.sh v0.8.4 x86_64-unknown-linux-musl" || (cat /tmp/garage.log; false)
-    when:
-      - matrix:
-          ARCH: amd64
-
-  - name: push static binary
-    image: nixpkgs/nix:nixos-22.05
-    environment:
-      TARGET: "${TARGET}"
-      AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID:
-        from_secret: garagehq_aws_access_key_id
-      AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY:
-        from_secret: garagehq_aws_secret_access_key
-    commands:
-      - nix-shell --attr ci --run "to_s3"
-
-  - name: docker build and publish
-    image: nixpkgs/nix:nixos-22.05
-    environment:
-      DOCKER_PLATFORM: "linux/${ARCH}"
-      CONTAINER_NAME: "dxflrs/${ARCH}_garage"
-      DOCKER_AUTH:
-        from_secret: docker_auth
-    commands:
-      - mkdir -p /root/.docker
-      - echo $DOCKER_AUTH > /root/.docker/config.json
-      - export CONTAINER_TAG=${CI_COMMIT_TAG:-$CI_COMMIT_SHA}
-      - nix-shell --attr ci --run "to_docker"
--- a/Cargo.lock
+++ b/Cargo.lock
--- a/Cargo.nix
+++ b/Cargo.nix
--- a/Cargo.toml
+++ b/Cargo.toml
@ -3,7 +3,6 @@ resolver = "2"
 members = [
 	"src/db",
 	"src/util",
-	"src/net",
 	"src/rpc",
 	"src/table",
 	"src/block",
@ -18,135 +17,19 @@ members = [
 default-members = ["src/garage"]

 [workspace.dependencies]
-
-# Internal Garage crates
 format_table = { version = "0.1.1", path = "src/format-table" }
-garage_api = { version = "1.0.1", path = "src/api" }
-garage_block = { version = "1.0.1", path = "src/block" }
-garage_db = { version = "1.0.1", path = "src/db", default-features = false }
-garage_model = { version = "1.0.1", path = "src/model", default-features = false }
-garage_net = { version = "1.0.1", path = "src/net" }
-garage_rpc = { version = "1.0.1", path = "src/rpc" }
-garage_table = { version = "1.0.1", path = "src/table" }
-garage_util = { version = "1.0.1", path = "src/util" }
-garage_web = { version = "1.0.1", path = "src/web" }
+garage_api = { version = "0.9.1", path = "src/api" }
+garage_block = { version = "0.9.1", path = "src/block" }
+garage_db = { version = "0.9.1", path = "src/db", default-features = false }
+garage_model = { version = "0.9.1", path = "src/model", default-features = false }
+garage_rpc = { version = "0.9.1", path = "src/rpc" }
+garage_table = { version = "0.9.1", path = "src/table" }
+garage_util = { version = "0.9.1", path = "src/util" }
+garage_web = { version = "0.9.1", path = "src/web" }
 k2v-client = { version = "0.0.4", path = "src/k2v-client" }

-# External crates from crates.io
-arc-swap = "1.0"
-argon2 = "0.5"
-async-trait = "0.1.7"
-backtrace = "0.3"
-base64 = "0.21"
-blake2 = "0.10"
-bytes = "1.0"
-bytesize = "1.1"
-cfg-if = "1.0"
-chrono = "0.4"
-crc32fast = "1.4"
-crc32c = "0.6"
-crypto-common = "0.1"
-digest = "0.10"
-err-derive = "0.3"
-gethostname = "0.4"
-git-version = "0.3.4"
-hex = "0.4"
-hexdump = "0.1"
-hmac = "0.12"
-idna = "0.5"
-itertools = "0.12"
-ipnet = "2.9.0"
-lazy_static = "1.4"
-md-5 = "0.10"
-mktemp = "0.5"
-nix = { version = "0.29", default-features = false, features = ["fs"] }
-nom = "7.1"
-parse_duration = "2.1"
-pin-project = "1.0.12"
-pnet_datalink = "0.34"
-rand = "0.8"
-sha1 = "0.10"
-sha2 = "0.10"
-timeago = { version = "0.4", default-features = false }
-xxhash-rust = { version = "0.8", default-features = false, features = ["xxh3"] }
-
-aes-gcm = { version = "0.10", features = ["aes", "stream"] }
-sodiumoxide = { version = "0.2.5-0", package = "kuska-sodiumoxide" }
-kuska-handshake = { version = "0.2.0", features = ["default", "async_std"] }
-
-clap = { version = "4.1", features = ["derive", "env"] }
-pretty_env_logger = "0.5"
-structopt = { version = "0.3", default-features = false }
-syslog-tracing = "0.3"
-tracing = "0.1"
-tracing-subscriber = { version = "0.3", features = ["env-filter"] }
-
-heed = { version = "0.11", default-features = false, features = ["lmdb"] }
-rusqlite = "0.31.0"
-r2d2 = "0.8"
-r2d2_sqlite = "0.24"
-
-async-compression = { version = "0.4", features = ["tokio", "zstd"] }
-zstd = { version = "0.13", default-features = false }
-
-quick-xml = { version = "0.26", features = [ "serialize" ] }
-rmp-serde = "1.1.2"
-serde = { version = "1.0", default-features = false, features = ["derive", "rc"] }
-serde_bytes = "0.11"
-serde_json = "1.0"
-toml = { version = "0.8", default-features = false, features = ["parse"] }
-
-# newer version requires rust edition 2021
-k8s-openapi = { version = "0.21", features = ["v1_24"] }
-kube = { version = "0.88", default-features = false, features = ["runtime", "derive", "client", "rustls-tls"] }
-schemars = "0.8"
-reqwest = { version = "0.11", default-features = false, features = ["rustls-tls-manual-roots", "json"] }
-
-form_urlencoded = "1.0.0"
-http = "1.0"
-httpdate = "1.0"
-http-range = "0.1"
-http-body-util = "0.1"
-hyper = { version = "1.0", default-features = false }
-hyper-util = { version = "0.1", features = [ "full" ] }
-multer = "3.0"
-percent-encoding = "2.2"
-roxmltree = "0.19"
-url = "2.3"
-
-futures = "0.3"
-futures-util = "0.3"
-tokio = { version = "1.0", default-features = false, features = ["net", "rt", "rt-multi-thread", "io-util", "net", "time", "macros", "sync", "signal", "fs"] }
-tokio-util = { version = "0.7", features = ["compat", "io"] }
-tokio-stream = { version = "0.1", features = ["net"] }
-
-opentelemetry = { version = "0.17", features = [ "rt-tokio", "metrics", "trace" ] }
-opentelemetry-prometheus = "0.10"
-opentelemetry-otlp = "0.10"
-opentelemetry-contrib = "0.9"
-prometheus = "0.13"
-
-# used by the k2v-client crate only
-aws-sigv4 = { version = "1.1" }
-hyper-rustls = { version = "0.26", features = ["http2"] }
-log = "0.4"
-thiserror = "1.0"
-
-# ---- used only as build / dev dependencies ----
-assert-json-diff = "2.0"
-rustc_version = "0.4.0"
-static_init = "1.0"
-
-aws-config = "1.1.4"
-aws-sdk-config = "1.13"
-aws-sdk-s3 = "1.14"
-
 [profile.dev]
-#lto = "thin"	# disabled for now, adds 2-4 min to each CI build
 lto = "off"

 [profile.release]
-lto = true
-codegen-units = 1
-opt-level = "s"
-strip = true
+debug = true
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-Garage [![status-badge](https://woodpecker.deuxfleurs.fr/api/badges/1/status.svg)](https://woodpecker.deuxfleurs.fr/repos/1)
+Garage [![Build Status](https://drone.deuxfleurs.fr/api/badges/Deuxfleurs/garage/status.svg?ref=refs/heads/main)](https://drone.deuxfleurs.fr/Deuxfleurs/garage)
 ===

 <p align="center" style="text-align:center;">
--- a/default.nix
+++ b/default.nix
@ -40,9 +40,17 @@ in {
      features = [
        "garage/bundled-libs"
        "garage/k2v"
+        "garage/sled"
        "garage/lmdb"
        "garage/sqlite"
      ];
    });
  };
+  clippy = {
+    amd64 = (compile {
+      inherit system git_version pkgsSrc cargo2nixOverlay;
+      target = "x86_64-unknown-linux-musl";
+      compiler = "clippy";
+    }).workspace.garage { compileMode = "build"; };
+  };
 }
--- a/doc/api/garage-admin-v1.yml
+++ b/doc/api/garage-admin-v1.yml
@ -98,6 +98,7 @@ paths:
                      type: string
                    example:
                      - "k2v"
+                      - "sled"
                      - "lmdb"
                      - "sqlite"
                      - "consul-discovery"
--- a/doc/book/build/python.md
+++ b/doc/book/build/python.md
@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ client = minio.Minio(
  "GKyourapikey",
  "abcd[...]1234",
  # Force the region, this is specific to garage
-  region="garage",
+  region="region",
 )
 ```

--- a/doc/book/connect/apps/index.md
+++ b/doc/book/connect/apps/index.md
@ -80,53 +80,6 @@ To test your new configuration, just reload your Nextcloud webpage and start sen

 *External link:* [Nextcloud Documentation > Primary Storage](https://docs.nextcloud.com/server/latest/admin_manual/configuration_files/primary_storage.html)

-#### SSE-C encryption (since Garage v1.0)
-
-Since version 1.0, Garage supports server-side encryption with customer keys
-(SSE-C).  In this mode, Garage is responsible for encrypting and decrypting
-objects, but it does not store the encryption key itself. The encryption key
-should be provided by Nextcloud upon each request.  This mode of operation is
-supported by Nextcloud and it has successfully been tested together with
-Garage.
-
-To enable SSE-C encryption:
-
-1. Make sure your Garage server is accessible via SSL through a reverse proxy
-   such as Nginx, and that it is using a valid public certificate (Nextcloud
-   might be able to connect to an S3 server that is using a self-signed
-   certificate, but you will lose many hours while trying, so don't).
-   Configure values for `use_ssl` and `port` accordingly in your `config.php`
-   file.
-
-2. Generate an encryption key using the following command:
-
-    ```
-    openssl rand -base64 32
-    ```
-
-    Make sure to keep this key **secret**!
-
-3. Add the encryption key in your `config.php` file as follows:
-
-
-    ```php
-    <?php
-    $CONFIG = array(
-    'objectstore' => [
-        'class' => '\\OC\\Files\\ObjectStore\\S3',
-        'arguments' => [
-            ...
-            'sse_c_key' => 'exampleencryptionkeyLbU+5fKYQcVoqnn+RaIOXgo=',
-            ...
-        ],
-    ],
-    ```
-
-Nextcloud will now make Garage encrypt files at rest in the storage bucket.
-These files will not be readable by an S3 client that has credentials to the
-bucket but doesn't also know the secret encryption key.
-
-
 ### External Storage

 **From the GUI.** Activate the "External storage support" app from the "Applications" page (click on your account icon on the top right corner of your screen to display the menu). Go to your parameters page (also located below your account icon). Click on external storage (or the corresponding translation in your language).
@ -292,7 +245,7 @@ with average object size ranging from 50 KB to 150 KB.
 As such, your Garage cluster should be configured appropriately for good performance:

 - use Garage v0.8.0 or higher with the [LMDB database engine](@documentation/reference-manual/configuration.md#db-engine-since-v0-8-0).
-  Older versions of Garage used the Sled database engine which had issues, such as databases quickly ending up taking tens of GB of disk space.
+  With the default Sled database engine, your database could quickly end up taking tens of GB of disk space.
 - the Garage database should be stored on a SSD

 ### Creating your bucket
@ -335,7 +288,6 @@ From the [official Mastodon documentation](https://docs.joinmastodon.org/admin/t

 ```bash
 $ RAILS_ENV=production bin/tootctl media remove --days 3
-$ RAILS_ENV=production bin/tootctl media remove --days 15 --prune-profiles
 $ RAILS_ENV=production bin/tootctl media remove-orphans
 $ RAILS_ENV=production bin/tootctl preview_cards remove --days 15
 ```
@ -354,6 +306,8 @@ Imports:	1.7 KB
 Settings:	0 Bytes
 ```

+Unfortunately, [old avatars and headers cannot currently be cleaned up](https://github.com/mastodon/mastodon/issues/9567).
+
 ### Migrating your data

 Data migration should be done with an efficient S3 client.
--- a/doc/book/connect/backup.md
+++ b/doc/book/connect/backup.md
@ -55,8 +55,8 @@ Create your key and bucket:

 ```bash
 garage key create my-key
-garage bucket create backups
-garage bucket allow backups --read --write --key my-key
+garage bucket create backup
+garage bucket allow backup --read --write --key my-key
 ```

 Then register your Key ID and Secret key in your environment:
--- a/doc/book/connect/cli.md
+++ b/doc/book/connect/cli.md
@ -259,7 +259,7 @@ duck --delete garage:/my-files/an-object.txt

 ## WinSCP (libs3) {#winscp}

-*You can find instructions on how to use the GUI in french [in our wiki](https://guide.deuxfleurs.fr/prise_en_main/winscp/).*
+*You can find instructions on how to use the GUI in french [in our wiki](https://wiki.deuxfleurs.fr/fr/Guide/Garage/WinSCP).*

 How to use `winscp.com`, the CLI interface of WinSCP:

--- a/doc/book/cookbook/encryption.md
+++ b/doc/book/cookbook/encryption.md
@ -53,43 +53,20 @@ and that's also why your nodes have super long identifiers.

 Adding TLS support built into Garage is not currently planned.

-## Garage stores data in plain text on the filesystem or encrypted using customer keys (SSE-C)
+## Garage stores data in plain text on the filesystem

-For standard S3 API requests, Garage does not encrypt data at rest by itself.
-For the most generic at rest encryption of data, we recommend setting up your
-storage partitions on encrypted LUKS devices.
+Garage does not handle data encryption at rest by itself, and instead delegates
+to the user to add encryption, either at the storage layer (LUKS, etc) or on
+the client side (or both). There are no current plans to add data encryption
+directly in Garage.

-If you are developping your own client software that makes use of S3 storage,
-we recommend implementing data encryption directly on the client side and never
-transmitting plaintext data to Garage. This makes it easy to use an external
-untrusted storage provider if necessary.
-
-Garage does support [SSE-C
-encryption](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonS3/latest/userguide/ServerSideEncryptionCustomerKeys.html),
-an encryption mode of Amazon S3 where data is encrypted at rest using
-encryption keys given by the client.  The encryption keys are passed to the
-server in a header in each request, to encrypt or decrypt data at the moment of
-reading or writing. The server discards the key as soon as it has finished
-using it for the request.  This mode allows the data to be encrypted at rest by
-Garage itself, but it requires support in the client software. It is also not
-adapted to a model where the server is not trusted or assumed to be
-compromised, as the server can easily know the encryption keys.  Note however
-that when using SSE-C encryption, the only Garage node that knows the
-encryption key passed in a given request is the node to which the request is
-directed (which can be a gateway node), so it is easy to have untrusted nodes
-in the cluster as long as S3 API requests containing SSE-C encryption keys are
-not directed to them.
-
-Implementing automatic data encryption directly in Garage without client-side
-management of keys (something like
-[SSE-S3](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonS3/latest/userguide/UsingServerSideEncryption.html))
-could make things simpler for end users that don't want to setup LUKS, but also
-raises many more questions, especially around key management: for encryption of
-data, where could Garage get the encryption keys from? If we encrypt data but
-keep the keys in a plaintext file next to them, it's useless. We probably don't
-want to have to manage secrets in Garage as it would be very hard to do in a
-secure way. At the time of speaking, there are no plans to implement this in
-Garage.
+Implementing data encryption directly in Garage might make things simpler for
+end users, but also raises many more questions, especially around key
+management: for encryption of data, where could Garage get the encryption keys
+from ? If we encrypt data but keep the keys in a plaintext file next to them,
+it's useless. We probably don't want to have to manage secrets in garage as it
+would be very hard to do in a secure way. Maybe integrate with an external
+system such as Hashicorp Vault?


 # Adding data encryption using external tools
--- a/doc/book/cookbook/from-source.md
+++ b/doc/book/cookbook/from-source.md
@ -90,6 +90,6 @@ The following feature flags are available in v0.8.0:
 | `kubernetes-discovery` | optional | Enable automatic registration and discovery<br>of cluster nodes through the Kubernetes API |
 | `metrics` | *by default* | Enable collection of metrics in Prometheus format on the admin API |
 | `telemetry-otlp` | optional | Enable collection of execution traces using OpenTelemetry |
-| `syslog` | optional | Enable logging to Syslog |
-| `lmdb` | *by default* | Enable using LMDB to store Garage's metadata |
-| `sqlite` | *by default* | Enable using Sqlite3 to store Garage's metadata |
+| `sled` | *by default* | Enable using Sled to store Garage's metadata |
+| `lmdb` | optional | Enable using LMDB to store Garage's metadata |
+| `sqlite` | optional | Enable using Sqlite3 to store Garage's metadata |
--- a/doc/book/cookbook/monitoring.md
+++ b/doc/book/cookbook/monitoring.md
@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ api_bind_addr = "0.0.0.0:3903"
 ```

 This will allow anyone to scrape Prometheus metrics by fetching
-`http://localhost:3903/metrics`. If you want to restrict access
+`http://localhost:3093/metrics`. If you want to restrict access
 to the exported metrics, set the `metrics_token` configuration value
 to a bearer token to be used when fetching the metrics endpoint.

--- a/doc/book/cookbook/real-world.md
+++ b/doc/book/cookbook/real-world.md
@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ To run a real-world deployment, make sure the following conditions are met:
  [Yggdrasil](https://yggdrasil-network.github.io/) are approaches to consider
  in addition to building out your own VPN tunneling.

- This guide will assume you are using Docker containers to deploy Garage on each node.
+- This guide will assume you are using Docker containers to deploy Garage on each node. 
  Garage can also be run independently, for instance as a [Systemd service](@/documentation/cookbook/systemd.md).
  You can also use an orchestrator such as Nomad or Kubernetes to automatically manage
  Docker containers on a fleet of nodes.
@ -53,9 +53,9 @@ to store 2 TB of data in total.

 ### Best practices

- If you have reasonably fast networking between all your nodes, and are planing to store
-  mostly large files, bump the `block_size` configuration parameter to 10 MB
-  (`block_size = "10M"`).
+- If you have fast dedicated networking between all your nodes, and are planing to store
+  very large files, bump the `block_size` configuration parameter to 10 MB
+  (`block_size = 10485760`).

 - Garage stores its files in two locations: it uses a metadata directory to store frequently-accessed
  small metadata items, and a data directory to store data blocks of uploaded objects.
@ -68,42 +68,31 @@ to store 2 TB of data in total.
  EXT4 is not recommended as it has more strict limitations on the number of inodes,
  which might cause issues with Garage when large numbers of objects are stored.

- Servers with multiple HDDs are supported natively by Garage without resorting
-  to RAID, see [our dedicated documentation page](@/documentation/operations/multi-hdd.md).
+- If you only have an HDD and no SSD, it's fine to put your metadata alongside the data
+  on the same drive. Having lots of RAM for your kernel to cache the metadata will
+  help a lot with performance.  Make sure to use the LMDB database engine,
+  instead of Sled, which suffers from quite bad performance degradation on HDDs.
+  Sled is still the default for legacy reasons, but is not recommended anymore.

 - For the metadata storage, Garage does not do checksumming and integrity
-  verification on its own, so it is better to use a robust filesystem such as
-  BTRFS or ZFS. Users have reported that when using the LMDB database engine
-  (the default), database files have a tendency of becoming corrupted after an
-  unclean shutdown (e.g. a power outage), so you should take regular snapshots
-  to be able to recover from such a situation.  This can be done using Garage's
-  built-in automatic snapshotting (since v0.9.4), or by using filesystem level
-  snapshots. If you cannot do so, you might want to switch to Sqlite which is
-  more robust.
+  verification on its own. If you are afraid of bitrot/data corruption,
+  put your metadata directory on a ZFS or BTRFS partition. Otherwise, just use regular
+  EXT4 or XFS.

- LMDB is the fastest and most tested database engine, but it has the following
-  weaknesses: 1/ data files are not architecture-independent, you cannot simply
-  move a Garage metadata directory between nodes running different architectures,
-  and 2/ LMDB is not suited for 32-bit platforms. Sqlite is a viable alternative
-  if any of these are of concern.
-
- If you only have an HDD and no SSD, it's fine to put your metadata alongside
-  the data on the same drive, but then consider your filesystem choice wisely
-  (see above). Having lots of RAM for your kernel to cache the metadata will
-  help a lot with performance.  The default LMDB database engine is the most
-  tested and has good performance.
+- Servers with multiple HDDs are supported natively by Garage without resorting
+  to RAID, see [our dedicated documentation page](@/documentation/operations/multi-hdd.md).

 ## Get a Docker image

 Our docker image is currently named `dxflrs/garage` and is stored on the [Docker Hub](https://hub.docker.com/r/dxflrs/garage/tags?page=1&ordering=last_updated).
-We encourage you to use a fixed tag (eg. `v1.0.1`) and not the `latest` tag.
-For this example, we will use the latest published version at the time of the writing which is `v1.0.1` but it's up to you
+We encourage you to use a fixed tag (eg. `v0.9.1`) and not the `latest` tag.
+For this example, we will use the latest published version at the time of the writing which is `v0.9.1` but it's up to you
 to check [the most recent versions on the Docker Hub](https://hub.docker.com/r/dxflrs/garage/tags?page=1&ordering=last_updated).

 For example:

 ```
-sudo docker pull dxflrs/garage:v1.0.1
+sudo docker pull dxflrs/garage:v0.9.1
 ```

 ## Deploying and configuring Garage
@ -126,9 +115,8 @@ A valid `/etc/garage.toml` for our cluster would look as follows:
 metadata_dir = "/var/lib/garage/meta"
 data_dir = "/var/lib/garage/data"
 db_engine = "lmdb"
-metadata_auto_snapshot_interval = "6h"

-replication_factor = 3
+replication_mode = "3"

 compression_level = 2

@ -152,8 +140,6 @@ Check the following for your configuration files:
 - Make sure `rpc_public_addr` contains the public IP address of the node you are configuring.
  This parameter is optional but recommended: if your nodes have trouble communicating with
  one another, consider adding it.
-  Alternatively, you can also set `rpc_public_addr_subnet`, which can filter
-  the addresses announced to other peers to a specific subnet.

 - Make sure `rpc_secret` is the same value on all nodes. It should be a 32-bytes hex-encoded secret key.
  You can generate such a key with `openssl rand -hex 32`.
@ -171,7 +157,7 @@ docker run \
  -v /etc/garage.toml:/etc/garage.toml \
  -v /var/lib/garage/meta:/var/lib/garage/meta \
  -v /var/lib/garage/data:/var/lib/garage/data \
-  dxflrs/garage:v1.0.1
+  dxflrs/garage:v0.9.1
 ```

 With this command line, Garage should be started automatically at each boot.
@ -185,7 +171,7 @@ If you want to use `docker-compose`, you may use the following `docker-compose.y
 version: "3"
 services:
  garage:
-    image: dxflrs/garage:v1.0.1
+    image: dxflrs/garage:v0.9.1
    network_mode: "host"
    restart: unless-stopped
    volumes:
@ -201,7 +187,7 @@ upgrades.  With the containerized setup proposed here, the upgrade process
 will require stopping and removing the existing container, and re-creating it
 with the upgraded version.

-## Controlling the daemon
+## Controling the daemon

 The `garage` binary has two purposes:
  - it acts as a daemon when launched with `garage server`
@ -259,7 +245,7 @@ You can then instruct nodes to connect to one another as follows:
 Venus$ garage node connect 563e1ac825ee3323aa441e72c26d1030d6d4414aeb3dd25287c531e7fc2bc95d@[fc00:1::1]:3901
 ```

-You don't need to instruct all node to connect to all other nodes:
+You don't nead to instruct all node to connect to all other nodes:
 nodes will discover one another transitively.

 Now if your run `garage status` on any node, you should have an output that looks as follows:
@ -342,8 +328,8 @@ Given the information above, we will configure our cluster as follow:
 ```bash
 garage layout assign 563e -z par1 -c 1T -t mercury
 garage layout assign 86f0 -z par1 -c 2T -t venus
-garage layout assign 6814 -z lon1 -c 2T -t earth
-garage layout assign 212f -z bru1 -c 1.5T -t mars
+garage layout assign 6814 -z lon1 -c 2T -t earth 
+garage layout assign 212f -z bru1 -c 1.5T -t mars 
 ```

 At this point, the changes in the cluster layout have not yet been applied.
--- a/doc/book/cookbook/reverse-proxy.md
+++ b/doc/book/cookbook/reverse-proxy.md
@ -472,32 +472,3 @@ https:// {

 More information on how this endpoint is implemented in Garage is available
 in the [Admin API Reference](@/documentation/reference-manual/admin-api.md) page.
-
-### Fileserver browser
-
-Caddy's built-in
-[file_server](https://caddyserver.com/docs/caddyfile/directives/file_server)
-browser functionality can be extended with the
-[caddy-fs-s3](https://github.com/sagikazarmark/caddy-fs-s3) module.
-
-This can be configured to use Garage as a backend with the following
-configuration:
-
-```caddy
-browse.garage.tld {
-    file_server {
-        fs s3 {
-            bucket test-bucket
-            region garage
-
-            endpoint https://s3.garage.tld
-            use_path_style
-        }
-
-        browse
-    }
-}
-```
-
-Caddy must also be configured with the required `AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID` and
-`AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY` environment variables to access the bucket.
--- a/doc/book/design/goals.md
+++ b/doc/book/design/goals.md
@ -48,22 +48,7 @@ locations. They use Garage themselves for the following tasks:

 - As a backup target using `rclone` and `restic`

+- In the Drone continuous integration platform to store task logs
+
 The Deuxfleurs Garage cluster is a multi-site cluster currently composed of
 9 nodes in 3 physical locations.
-
-### Triplebit
-
-[Triplebit](https://www.triplebit.org) is a non-profit hosting provider and
-ISP focused on improving access to privacy-related services. They use
-Garage themselves for the following tasks:
-
- Hosting of their homepage, [privacyguides.org](https://www.privacyguides.org/), and various other static sites
-
- As a Mastodon object storage backend for [mstdn.party](https://mstdn.party/) and [mstdn.plus](https://mstdn.plus/)
-
- As a PeerTube storage backend for [neat.tube](https://neat.tube/)
-
- As a [Matrix media backend](https://github.com/matrix-org/synapse-s3-storage-provider)
-
-Triplebit's Garage cluster is a multi-site cluster currently composed of
-10 nodes in 3 physical locations.
--- a/doc/book/design/internals.md
+++ b/doc/book/design/internals.md
@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ delete a tombstone, the following condition has to be met:
  superseeded by the tombstone. This ensures that deleting the tombstone is
  safe and that no deleted value will come back in the system.

-Garage uses atomic database operations (such as compare-and-swap and
+Garage makes use of Sled's atomic operations (such as compare-and-swap and
 transactions) to ensure that only tombstones that have been correctly
 propagated to other nodes are ever deleted from the local entry tree.

--- a/doc/book/design/related-work.md
+++ b/doc/book/design/related-work.md
@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ Pithos has been abandonned and should probably not used yet, in the following we
 Pithos was relying as a S3 proxy in front of Cassandra (and was working with Scylla DB too).
 From its designers' mouth, storing data in Cassandra has shown its limitations justifying the project abandonment.
 They built a closed-source version 2 that does not store blobs in the database (only metadata) but did not communicate further on it.
-We considered their v2's design but concluded that it does not fit both our *Self-contained & lightweight* and *Simple* properties. It makes the development, the deployment and the operations more complicated while reducing the flexibility.
+We considered there v2's design but concluded that it does not fit both our *Self-contained & lightweight* and *Simple* properties. It makes the development, the deployment and the operations more complicated while reducing the flexibility.

 **[Riak CS](https://docs.riak.com/riak/cs/2.1.1/index.html):**
 *Not written yet*
--- a/doc/book/development/devenv.md
+++ b/doc/book/development/devenv.md
@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ sudo killall nix-daemon
 Now you can enter our nix-shell, all the required packages will be downloaded but they will not pollute your environment outside of the shell:

 ```bash
-nix-shell -A devShell
+nix-shell
 ```

 You can use the traditional Rust development workflow:
@ -65,8 +65,8 @@ nix-build -j $(nproc) --max-jobs auto
 ```

 Our build has multiple parameters you might want to set:
-  - `release` to build with release optimisations instead of debug
-  - `target` allows for cross compilation
+  - `release` build with release optimisations instead of debug
+  - `target allows` for cross compilation
  - `compileMode` can be set to test or bench to build a unit test runner
  - `git_version` to inject the hash to display when running `garage stats`

@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ nix-build \
  --git_version $(git rev-parse HEAD)
 ```

-*The result is located in `result/bin`. You can pass arguments to cross compile: check `.woodpecker/release.yml` for examples.*
+*The result is located in `result/bin`. You can pass arguments to cross compile: check `.drone.yml` for examples.*

 If you modify a `Cargo.toml` or regenerate any `Cargo.lock`, you must run `cargo2nix`:

--- a/doc/book/development/miscellaneous-notes.md
+++ b/doc/book/development/miscellaneous-notes.md
@ -81,9 +81,12 @@ Our cache will be checked.
 - http://www.lpenz.org/articles/nixchannel/index.html


-## Woodpecker
+## Drone

-Woodpecker can do parallelism both at the step and the pipeline level. At the step level, parallelism is restricted to the same runner.
+Do not try to set a build as trusted from the interface or the CLI tool,
+your request would be ignored. Instead, directly edit the database (table `repos`, column `repo_trusted`).
+
+Drone can do parallelism both at the step and the pipeline level. At the step level, parallelism is restricted to the same runner.

 ## Building Docker containers

@ -96,4 +99,3 @@ We were:
  - Unable to use the kaniko container provided by Google as we can't run arbitrary logic: we need to put our secret in .docker/config.json.

 Finally we chose to build kaniko through nix and use it in a `nix-shell`.
-We then switched to using kaniko from nixpkgs when it was packaged.
--- a/doc/book/development/release-process.md
+++ b/doc/book/development/release-process.md
@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ and the docker containers on Docker Hub.

 ## Automation

-We automated our release process with Nix and Woodpecker to make it more reliable.
+We automated our release process with Nix and Drone to make it more reliable.
 Here we describe how we have done in case you want to debug or improve it.

 ### Caching build steps
@ -62,31 +62,52 @@ Sending to the cache is done through `nix copy`, for example:
 nix copy --to 's3://nix?endpoint=garage.deuxfleurs.fr&region=garage&secret-key=/etc/nix/signing-key.sec' result
 ```

-*The signing key possessed by the Garage maintainers is required to update the Nix cache.*
+*Note that you need the signing key. In our case, it is stored as a secret in Drone.*

-The previous command will only send the built package and not its dependencies.
-In the case of our CI pipeline, we want to cache all intermediate build steps
-as well. This can be done using this quite involved command (here as an example
-for the `pkgs.amd64.relase` package):
+The previous command will only send the built packet and not its dependencies.
+To send its dependency, a tool named `nix-copy-closure` has been created but it is not compatible with the S3 protocol.
+
+Instead, you can use the following commands to list all the runtime dependencies:

 ```bash
-nix copy -j8 \
-    --to 's3://nix?endpoint=garage.deuxfleurs.fr&region=garage&secret-key=/etc/nix/nix-signing-key.sec' \
-    $(nix path-info pkgs.amd64.release --file default.nix --derivation --recursive | sed 's/\.drv$/.drv^*/')
+nix copy \
+  --to 's3://nix?endpoint=garage.deuxfleurs.fr&region=garage&secret-key=/etc/nix/signing-key.sec' \
+  $(nix-store -qR result/)
 ```

-This command will simultaneously build all of the required Nix paths (using at
-most 8 parallel Nix builder jobs) and send the resulting objects to the cache.
+*We could also write this expression with xargs but this tool is not available in our container.*

-This can be run for all the Garage packages we build using the following command:
+But in certain cases, we want to cache compile time dependencies also.
+For example, the Nix project does not provide binaries for cross compiling to i686 and thus we need to compile gcc on our own.
+We do not want to compile gcc each time, so even if it is a compile time dependency, we want to cache it.
+
+This time, the command is a bit more involved:
+
+```bash
+nix copy --to \
+  's3://nix?endpoint=garage.deuxfleurs.fr&region=garage&secret-key=/etc/nix/signing-key.sec' \
+   $(nix-store -qR --include-outputs \
+     $(nix-instantiate))
+```
+
+This is the command we use in our CI as we expect the final binary to change, so we mainly focus on
+caching our development dependencies.
+
+*Currently there is no automatic garbage collection of the cache: we should monitor its growth.
+Hopefully, we can erase it totally without breaking any build, the next build will only be slower.*
+
+In practise, we concluded that we do not want to cache all the compilation dependencies.
+Instead, we want to cache the toolchain we use to build Garage each time we change it.
+So we removed from Drone any automatic update of the cache and instead handle them manually with:

 ```
 source ~/.awsrc
-nix-shell --attr cache --run 'refresh_cache'
+nix-shell --run 'refresh_toolchain'
 ```

-We don't automate this step at each CI build, as *there is currently no automatic garbage collection of the cache.*
-This means we should also monitor the cache's size; if it ever becomes too big we can erase it with:
+Internally, it will run `nix-build` on  `nix/toolchain.nix` and send the output plus its depedencies to the cache.
+
+To erase the cache:

 ```
 mc rm --recursive --force 'garage/nix/'
@ -136,9 +157,9 @@ nix-shell --run refresh_index

 If you want to compile for different architectures, you will need to repeat all these commands for each architecture.

-**In practice, and except for debugging, you will never directly run these commands. Release is handled by Woodpecker.**
+**In practise, and except for debugging, you will never directly run these commands. Release is handled by drone**

-### Drone (obsolete)
+### Drone

 Our instance is available at [https://drone.deuxfleurs.fr](https://drone.deuxfleurs.fr).  
 You need an account on [https://git.deuxfleurs.fr](https://git.deuxfleurs.fr) to use it.
--- a/doc/book/operations/durability-repairs.md
+++ b/doc/book/operations/durability-repairs.md
@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ connecting to. To run on all nodes, add the `-a` flag as follows:

 # Data block operations

-## Data store scrub {#scrub}
+## Data store scrub

 Scrubbing the data store means examining each individual data block to check that
 their content is correct, by verifying their hash. Any block found to be corrupted
@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ verifications. Of course, scrubbing the entire data store will also take longer.
 ## Block check and resync

 In some cases, nodes hold a reference to a block but do not actually have the block
-stored on disk. Conversely, they may also have on-disk blocks that are not referenced
+stored on disk. Conversely, they may also have on disk blocks that are not referenced
 any more. To fix both cases, a block repair may be run with `garage repair blocks`.
 This will scan the entire block reference counter table to check that the blocks
 exist on disk, and will scan the entire disk store to check that stored blocks
@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ using the `garage block purge` command.

 In [multi-HDD setups](@/documentation/operations/multi-hdd.md), to ensure that
 data blocks are well balanced between storage locations, you may run a
-rebalance operation using `garage repair rebalance`. This is useful when
+rebalance operation using `garage repair rebalance`. This is usefull when
 adding storage locations or when capacities of the storage locations have been
 changed.  Once this is finished, Garage will know for each block of a single
 possible location where it can be, which can increase access speed.  This
@ -104,24 +104,6 @@ operation will also move out all data from locations marked as read-only.

 # Metadata operations

-## Metadata snapshotting
-
-It is good practice to setup automatic snapshotting of your metadata database
-file, to recover from situations where it becomes corrupted on disk. This can
-be done at the filesystem level if you are using ZFS or BTRFS.
-
-Since Garage v0.9.4, Garage is able to take snapshots of the metadata database
-itself. This basically amounts to copying the database file, except that it can
-be run live while Garage is running without the risk of corruption or
-inconsistencies.  This can be setup to run automatically on a schedule using
-[`metadata_auto_snapshot_interval`](@/documentation/reference-manual/configuration.md#metadata_auto_snapshot_interval).
-A snapshot can also be triggered manually using the `garage meta snapshot`
-command. Note that taking a snapshot using this method is very intensive as it
-requires making a full copy of the database file, so you might prefer using
-filesystem-level snapshots if possible. To recover a corrupted node from such a
-snapshot, read the instructions
-[here](@/documentation/operations/recovering.md#corrupted_meta).
-
 ## Metadata table resync

 Garage automatically resyncs all entries stored in the metadata tables every hour,
@ -141,7 +123,4 @@ blocks may still be held by Garage. If you suspect that such corruption has occu
 in your cluster, you can run one of the following repair procedures:

 - `garage repair versions`: checks that all versions belong to a non-deleted object, and purges any orphan version
-
- `garage repair block-refs`: checks that all block references belong to a non-deleted object version, and purges any orphan block reference (this will then allow the blocks to be garbage-collected)
-
- `garage repair block-rc`: checks that the reference counters for blocks are in sync with the actual number of non-deleted entries in the block reference table
+- `garage repair block_refs`: checks that all block references belong to a non-deleted object version, and purges any orphan block reference (this will then allow the blocks to be garbage-collected)
--- a/doc/book/operations/layout.md
+++ b/doc/book/operations/layout.md
@ -12,8 +12,8 @@ An introduction to building cluster layouts can be found in the [production depl
 In Garage, all of the data that can be stored in a given cluster is divided
 into slices which we call *partitions*. Each partition is stored by
 one or several nodes in the cluster
-(see [`replication_factor`](@/documentation/reference-manual/configuration.md#replication_factor)).
-The layout determines the correspondence between these partitions,
+(see [`replication_mode`](@/documentation/reference-manual/configuration.md#replication_mode)).
+The layout determines the correspondence between these partition,
 which exist on a logical level, and actual storage nodes.

 ## How cluster layouts work in Garage
@ -94,10 +94,10 @@ follow the following recommendations:
 ## Understanding unexpected layout calculations

 When adding, removing or modifying nodes in a cluster layout, sometimes
-unexpected assignations of partitions to node can occur. These assignations
-are in fact normal and logical, given the objectives of the algorithm.  Indeed,
-**the layout algorithm prioritizes moving less data between nodes over
-achieving equal distribution of load. It also tries to use all links between
+unexpected assigntations of partitions to node can occur. These assignations
+are in fact normal and logical, given the objectives of the algorihtm.  Indeed,
+**the layout algorithm prioritizes moving less data between nodes over the fact
+of achieving equal distribution of load. It also tries to use all links between
 pairs of nodes in equal proportions when moving data.**  This section presents
 two examples and illustrates how one can control Garage's behavior to obtain
 the desired results.
@ -270,5 +270,5 @@ that is moved to node1).
 This illustrates the second principle of the layout computation: **if there is
 a choice in moving data out of some nodes, then all links between pairs of
 nodes are used in equal proportions** (this is approximately true, there is
-randomness in the algorithm to achieve this so there might be some small
+randomness in the algorihtm to achieve this so there might be some small
 fluctuations, as we see above).
--- a/doc/book/operations/recovering.md
+++ b/doc/book/operations/recovering.md
@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ weight = 40

 Garage is meant to work on old, second-hand hardware.
 In particular, this makes it likely that some of your drives will fail, and some manual intervention will be needed.
-Fear not! Garage is fully equipped to handle drive failures, in most common cases.
+Fear not! For Garage is fully equipped to handle drive failures, in most common cases.

 ## A note on availability of Garage

@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ garage repair -a --yes blocks

 This will re-synchronize blocks of data that are missing to the new HDD, reading them from copies located on other nodes.

-You can check on the advancement of this process by doing the following command:
+You can check on the advancement of this process by doing the following command: 

 ```bash
 garage stats -a
@ -108,57 +108,3 @@ garage layout apply   # once satisfied, apply the changes

 Garage will then start synchronizing all required data on the new node.
 This process can be monitored using the `garage stats -a` command.
-
-## Replacement scenario 3: corrupted metadata {#corrupted_meta}
-
-In some cases, your metadata DB file might become corrupted, for instance if
-your node suffered a power outage and did not shut down properly. In this case,
-you can recover without having to change the node ID and rebuilding a cluster
-layout. This means that data blocks will not need to be shuffled around, you
-must simply find a way to repair the metadata file. The best way is generally
-to discard the corrupted file and recover it from another source.
-
-First of all, start by locating the database file in your metadata directory,
-which [depends on your `db_engine`
-choice](@/documentation/reference-manual/configuration.md#db_engine).  Then,
-your recovery options are as follows:
-
- **Option 1: resyncing from other nodes.** In case your cluster is replicated
-  with two or three copies, you can simply delete the database file, and Garage
-  will resync from other nodes. To do so, stop Garage, delete the database file
-  or directory, and restart Garage. Then, do a full table repair by calling
-  `garage repair -a --yes tables`.  This will take a bit of time to complete as
-  the new node will need to receive copies of the metadata tables from the
-  network.
-
- **Option 2: restoring a snapshot taken by Garage.** Since v0.9.4, Garage can
-  [automatically take regular
-  snapshots](@/documentation/reference-manual/configuration.md#metadata_auto_snapshot_interval)
-  of your metadata DB file. This file or directory should be located under
-  `<metadata_dir>/snapshots`, and is named according to the UTC time at which it
-  was taken. Stop Garage, discard the database file/directory and replace it by the
-  snapshot you want to use. For instance, in the case of LMDB:
-
-  ```bash
-  cd $METADATA_DIR
-  mv db.lmdb db.lmdb.bak
-  cp -r snapshots/2024-03-15T12:13:52Z db.lmdb
-  ```
-
-  And for Sqlite:
-
-  ```bash
-  cd $METADATA_DIR
-  mv db.sqlite db.sqlite.bak
-  cp snapshots/2024-03-15T12:13:52Z db.sqlite
-  ```
-
-  Then, restart Garage and run a full table repair by calling `garage repair -a
-  --yes tables`.  This should run relatively fast as only the changes that
-  occurred since the snapshot was taken will need to be resynchronized. Of
-  course, if your cluster is not replicated, you will lose all changes that
-  occurred since the snapshot was taken.
-
- **Option 3: restoring a filesystem-level snapshot.** If you are using ZFS or
-  BTRFS to snapshot your metadata partition, refer to their specific
-  documentation on rolling back or copying files from an old snapshot.
--- a/doc/book/operations/upgrading.md
+++ b/doc/book/operations/upgrading.md
@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ On a new version release, there is 2 possibilities:
  - protocols and data structures remained the same ➡️ this is a **minor upgrade**
  - protocols or data structures changed  ➡️  this is a **major upgrade**

-You can quickly know what type of update you will have to operate by looking at the version identifier:
+You can quickly now what type of update you will have to operate by looking at the version identifier:
 when we require our users to do a major upgrade, we will always bump the first nonzero component of the version identifier
 (e.g. from v0.7.2 to v0.8.0).
 Conversely, for versions that only require a minor upgrade, the first nonzero component will always stay the same (e.g. from v0.8.0 to v0.8.1).
@ -73,18 +73,6 @@ The entire procedure would look something like this:
  You can do all of the nodes in a single zone at once as that won't impact global cluster availability.
  Do not try to make a backup of the metadata folder of a running node.

-  **Since Garage v0.9.4,** you can use the `garage meta snapshot --all` command
-  to take a simultaneous snapshot of the metadata database files of all your
-  nodes.  This avoids the tedious process of having to take them down one by
-  one before upgrading. Be careful that if automatic snapshotting is enabled,
-  Garage only keeps the last two snapshots and deletes older ones, so you might
-  want to disable automatic snapshotting in your upgraded configuration file
-  until you have confirmed that the upgrade ran successfully.  In addition to
-  snapshotting the metadata databases of your nodes, you should back-up at
-  least the `cluster_layout` file of one of your Garage instances (this file
-  should be the same on all nodes and you can copy it safely while Garage is
-  running).
-
 3. Prepare your binaries and configuration files for the new Garage version

 4. Restart all nodes simultaneously in the new version
--- a/doc/book/quick-start/_index.md
+++ b/doc/book/quick-start/_index.md
@ -42,13 +42,6 @@ If a binary of the last version is not available for your architecture,
 or if you want a build customized for your system,
 you can [build Garage from source](@/documentation/cookbook/from-source.md).

-If none of these option work for you, you can also run Garage in a Docker
-container.  When using Docker, the commands used in this guide will not work
-anymore.  We recommend reading the tutorial on [configuring a
-multi-node cluster](@/documentation/cookbook/real-world.md) to learn about
-using Garage as a Docker container. For simplicity, a minimal command to launch
-Garage using Docker is provided in this quick start guide as well.
-

 ## Configuring and starting Garage

@ -64,9 +57,9 @@ to generate unique and private secrets for security reasons:
 cat > garage.toml <<EOF
 metadata_dir = "/tmp/meta"
 data_dir = "/tmp/data"
-db_engine = "sqlite"
+db_engine = "lmdb"

-replication_factor = 1
+replication_mode = "none"

 rpc_bind_addr = "[::]:3901"
 rpc_public_addr = "127.0.0.1:3901"
@ -86,15 +79,11 @@ index = "index.html"
 api_bind_addr = "[::]:3904"

 [admin]
-api_bind_addr = "[::]:3903"
+api_bind_addr = "0.0.0.0:3903"
 admin_token = "$(openssl rand -base64 32)"
-metrics_token = "$(openssl rand -base64 32)"
 EOF
 ```

-See the [Configuration file format](https://garagehq.deuxfleurs.fr/documentation/reference-manual/configuration/)
-for complete options and values.
-
 Now that your configuration file has been created, you may save it to the directory of your choice.
 By default, Garage looks for **`/etc/garage.toml`.**
 You can also store it somewhere else, but you will have to specify `-c path/to/garage.toml`
@ -121,31 +110,10 @@ garage -c path/to/garage.toml server

 If you have placed the `garage.toml` file in `/etc` (its default location), you can simply run `garage server`.

-Alternatively, if you cannot or do not wish to run the Garage binary directly,
-you may use Docker to run Garage in a container using the following command:
+You can tune Garage's verbosity as follows (from less verbose to more verbose):

-```bash
-docker run \
-  -d \
-  --name garaged \
-  -p 3900:3900 -p 3901:3901 -p 3902:3902 -p 3903:3903 \
-  -v /etc/garage.toml:/path/to/garage.toml \
-  -v /var/lib/garage/meta:/path/to/garage/meta \
-  -v /var/lib/garage/data:/path/to/garage/data \
-  dxflrs/garage:v0.9.4
 ```
-
-Under Linux, you can substitute `--network host` for `-p 3900:3900 -p 3901:3901 -p 3902:3902 -p 3903:3903`
-
-#### Troubleshooting
-
-Ensure your configuration file, `metadata_dir` and `data_dir`  are readable by the user running the `garage` server or Docker.
-
-You can tune Garage's verbosity by setting the `RUST_LOG=` environment variable. \
-Available log levels are (from less verbose to more verbose): `error`, `warn`, `info` *(default)*, `debug` and `trace`.
-
-```bash
-RUST_LOG=garage=info garage server # default
+RUST_LOG=garage=info garage server
 RUST_LOG=garage=debug garage server
 RUST_LOG=garage=trace garage server
 ```
@ -161,9 +129,6 @@ It uses values from the TOML configuration file to find the Garage daemon runnin
 local node, therefore if your configuration file is not at `/etc/garage.toml` you will
 again have to specify `-c path/to/garage.toml` at each invocation.

-If you are running Garage in a Docker container, you can set `alias garage="docker exec -ti <container name> /garage"`
-to use the Garage binary inside your container.
-
 If the `garage` CLI is able to correctly detect the parameters of your local Garage node,
 the following command should be enough to show the status of your cluster:

@ -199,7 +164,7 @@ For instance here you could write just `garage layout assign -z dc1 -c 1G 563e`.
 The layout then has to be applied to the cluster, using:

 ```bash
-garage layout apply --version 1
+garage layout apply
 ```


@ -284,7 +249,7 @@ garage bucket info nextcloud-bucket
 ```


-## Uploading and downloading from Garage
+## Uploading and downlading from Garage

 To download and upload files on garage, we can use a third-party tool named `awscli`.

@ -349,7 +314,7 @@ Check [our s3 compatibility list](@/documentation/reference-manual/s3-compatibil

 ### Other tools for interacting with Garage

-The following tools can also be used to send and receive files from/to Garage:
+The following tools can also be used to send and recieve files from/to Garage:

 - [minio-client](@/documentation/connect/cli.md#minio-client) 
 - [s3cmd](@/documentation/connect/cli.md#s3cmd) 
--- a/doc/book/reference-manual/admin-api.md
+++ b/doc/book/reference-manual/admin-api.md
@ -8,8 +8,8 @@ listen address is specified in the `[admin]` section of the configuration
 file (see [configuration file
 reference](@/documentation/reference-manual/configuration.md))

-**WARNING.** At this point, there is no commitment to the stability of the APIs described in this document.
-We will bump the version numbers prefixed to each API endpoint each time the syntax
+**WARNING.** At this point, there is no comittement to stability of the APIs described in this document.
+We will bump the version numbers prefixed to each API endpoint at each time the syntax
 or semantics change, meaning that code that relies on these endpoint will break
 when changes are introduced.

@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ Versions:

 ## Access control

-The admin API uses two different tokens for access control, that are specified in the config file's `[admin]` section:
+The admin API uses two different tokens for acces control, that are specified in the config file's `[admin]` section:

 - `metrics_token`: the token for accessing the Metrics endpoint (if this token
  is not set in the config file, the Metrics endpoint can be accessed without
@ -88,8 +88,8 @@ Consult the full health check API endpoint at /v0/health for more details

 ### On-demand TLS `GET /check`

-To prevent abuse for on-demand TLS, Caddy developers have specified an endpoint that can be queried by the reverse proxy
-to know if a given domain is allowed to get a certificate. Garage implements these endpoints to tell if a given domain is handled by Garage or is garbage.
+To prevent abuses for on-demand TLS, Caddy developpers have specified an endpoint that can be queried by the reverse proxy
+to know if a given domain is allowed to get a certificate. Garage implements this endpoints to tell if a given domain is handled by Garage or is garbage.

 Garage responds with the following logic:
 - If the domain matches the pattern `<bucket-name>.<s3_api.root_domain>`, returns 200 OK
@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ You must manually declare the domain in your reverse-proxy. Idem for K2V.*

 *Note 2: buckets in a user's namespace are not supported yet by this endpoint. This is a limitation of this endpoint currently.*

-**Example:** Suppose a Garage instance is configured with `s3_api.root_domain = .s3.garage.localhost` and `s3_web.root_domain = .web.garage.localhost`.
+**Example:** Suppose a Garage instance configured with `s3_api.root_domain = .s3.garage.localhost` and `s3_web.root_domain = .web.garage.localhost`.

 With a private `media` bucket (name in the global namespace, website is disabled), the endpoint will feature the following behavior:

--- a/doc/book/reference-manual/configuration.md
+++ b/doc/book/reference-manual/configuration.md
@ -8,40 +8,30 @@ weight = 20
 Here is an example `garage.toml` configuration file that illustrates all of the possible options:

 ```toml
-replication_factor = 3
-consistency_mode = "consistent"
+replication_mode = "3"

 metadata_dir = "/var/lib/garage/meta"
 data_dir = "/var/lib/garage/data"
-metadata_snapshots_dir = "/var/lib/garage/snapshots"
 metadata_fsync = true
 data_fsync = false
-disable_scrub = false
-use_local_tz = false
-metadata_auto_snapshot_interval = "6h"

 db_engine = "lmdb"

-block_size = "1M"
-block_ram_buffer_max = "256MiB"
+block_size = 1048576

+sled_cache_capacity = "128MiB"
+sled_flush_every_ms = 2000
 lmdb_map_size = "1T"

 compression_level = 1

 rpc_secret = "4425f5c26c5e11581d3223904324dcb5b5d5dfb14e5e7f35e38c595424f5f1e6"
 rpc_bind_addr = "[::]:3901"
-rpc_bind_outgoing = false
 rpc_public_addr = "[fc00:1::1]:3901"
-# or set rpc_public_adr_subnet to filter down autodiscovery to a subnet:
-# rpc_public_addr_subnet = "2001:0db8:f00:b00:/64"
-
-
-allow_world_readable_secrets = false

 bootstrap_peers = [
    "563e1ac825ee3323aa441e72c26d1030d6d4414aeb3dd25287c531e7fc2bc95d@[fc00:1::1]:3901",
-    "86f0f26ae4afbd59aaf9cfb059eefac844951efd5b8caeec0d53f4ed6c85f332@[fc00:1::2]:3901",
+    "86f0f26ae4afbd59aaf9cfb059eefac844951efd5b8caeec0d53f4ed6c85f332[fc00:1::2]:3901",
    "681456ab91350f92242e80a531a3ec9392cb7c974f72640112f90a600d7921a4@[fc00:B::1]:3901",
    "212fd62eeaca72c122b45a7f4fa0f55e012aa5e24ac384a72a3016413fa724ff@[fc00:F::1]:3901",
 ]
@ -78,8 +68,8 @@ root_domain = ".web.garage"

 [admin]
 api_bind_addr = "0.0.0.0:3903"
-metrics_token = "BCAdFjoa9G0KJR0WXnHHm7fs1ZAbfpI8iIZ+Z/a2NgI="
-admin_token = "UkLeGWEvHnXBqnueR3ISEMWpOnm40jH2tM2HnnL/0F4="
+metrics_token = "cacce0b2de4bc2d9f5b5fdff551e01ac1496055aed248202d415398987e35f81"
+admin_token = "ae8cb40ea7368bbdbb6430af11cca7da833d3458a5f52086f4e805a570fb5c2a"
 trace_sink = "http://localhost:4317"
 ```

@ -89,41 +79,33 @@ The following gives details about each available configuration option.

 ### Index

-[Environment variables](#env_variables).
-
 Top-level configuration options:
-[`allow_world_readable_secrets`](#allow_world_readable_secrets),
-[`block_ram_buffer_max`](#block_ram_buffer_max),
 [`block_size`](#block_size),
 [`bootstrap_peers`](#bootstrap_peers),
 [`compression_level`](#compression_level),
-[`data_dir`](#data_dir),
+[`data_dir`](#metadata_dir),
 [`data_fsync`](#data_fsync),
 [`db_engine`](#db_engine),
-[`disable_scrub`](#disable_scrub),
-[`use_local_tz`](#use_local_tz),
 [`lmdb_map_size`](#lmdb_map_size),
-[`metadata_auto_snapshot_interval`](#metadata_auto_snapshot_interval),
 [`metadata_dir`](#metadata_dir),
 [`metadata_fsync`](#metadata_fsync),
-[`metadata_snapshots_dir`](#metadata_snapshots_dir),
-[`replication_factor`](#replication_factor),
-[`consistency_mode`](#consistency_mode),
+[`replication_mode`](#replication_mode),
 [`rpc_bind_addr`](#rpc_bind_addr),
-[`rpc_bind_outgoing`](#rpc_bind_outgoing),
 [`rpc_public_addr`](#rpc_public_addr),
-[`rpc_public_addr_subnet`](#rpc_public_addr_subnet)
-[`rpc_secret`/`rpc_secret_file`](#rpc_secret).
+[`rpc_secret`](#rpc_secret),
+[`rpc_secret_file`](#rpc_secret),
+[`sled_cache_capacity`](#sled_cache_capacity),
+[`sled_flush_every_ms`](#sled_flush_every_ms).

 The `[consul_discovery]` section:
 [`api`](#consul_api),
 [`ca_cert`](#consul_ca_cert),
-[`client_cert`](#consul_client_cert_and_key),
-[`client_key`](#consul_client_cert_and_key),
+[`client_cert`](#consul_client_cert),
+[`client_key`](#consul_client_cert),
 [`consul_http_addr`](#consul_http_addr),
-[`meta`](#consul_tags_and_meta),
+[`meta`](#consul_tags),
 [`service_name`](#consul_service_name),
-[`tags`](#consul_tags_and_meta),
+[`tags`](#consul_tags),
 [`tls_skip_verify`](#consul_tls_skip_verify),
 [`token`](#consul_token).

@ -143,36 +125,20 @@ The `[s3_web]` section:

 The `[admin]` section:
 [`api_bind_addr`](#admin_api_bind_addr),
-[`metrics_token`/`metrics_token_file`](#admin_metrics_token),
-[`admin_token`/`admin_token_file`](#admin_token),
+[`metrics_token`](#admin_metrics_token),
+[`metrics_token_file`](#admin_metrics_token),
+[`admin_token`](#admin_token),
+[`admin_token_file`](#admin_token),
 [`trace_sink`](#admin_trace_sink),

-### Environment variables {#env_variables}
-
-The following configuration parameter must be specified as an environment
-variable, it does not exist in the configuration file:
-
- `GARAGE_LOG_TO_SYSLOG` (since v0.9.4): set this to `1` or `true` to make the
-  Garage daemon send its logs to `syslog` (using the libc `syslog` function)
-  instead of printing to stderr.
-
-The following environment variables can be used to override the corresponding
-values in the configuration file:
-
- [`GARAGE_ALLOW_WORLD_READABLE_SECRETS`](#allow_world_readable_secrets)
- [`GARAGE_RPC_SECRET` and `GARAGE_RPC_SECRET_FILE`](#rpc_secret)
- [`GARAGE_ADMIN_TOKEN` and `GARAGE_ADMIN_TOKEN_FILE`](#admin_token)
- [`GARAGE_METRICS_TOKEN` and `GARAGE_METRICS_TOKEN`](#admin_metrics_token)
-

 ### Top-level configuration options

-#### `replication_factor` {#replication_factor}
+#### `replication_mode` {#replication_mode}

-The replication factor can be any positive integer smaller or equal the node count in your cluster.
-The chosen replication factor has a big impact on the cluster's failure tolerancy and performance characteristics.
+Garage supports the following replication modes:

- `1`: data stored on Garage is stored on a single node. There is no
+- `none` or `1`: data stored on Garage is stored on a single node. There is no
  redundancy, and data will be unavailable as soon as one node fails or its
  network is disconnected.  Do not use this for anything else than test
  deployments.
@ -183,6 +149,17 @@ The chosen replication factor has a big impact on the cluster's failure toleranc
  before losing data. Data remains available in read-only mode when one node is
  down, but write operations will fail.

+  - `2-dangerous`: a variant of mode `2`, where written objects are written to
+    the second replica asynchronously. This means that Garage will return `200
+    OK` to a PutObject request before the second copy is fully written (or even
+    before it even starts being written).  This means that data can more easily
+    be lost if the node crashes before a second copy can be completed.  This
+    also means that written objects might not be visible immediately in read
+    operations.  In other words, this mode severely breaks the consistency and
+    durability guarantees of standard Garage cluster operation.  Benefits of
+    this mode: you can still write to your cluster when one node is
+    unavailable.
+
 - `3`: data stored on Garage will be stored on three different nodes, if
  possible each in a different zones.  Garage tolerates two node failure, or
  several node failures but in no more than two zones (in a deployment with at
@ -190,84 +167,55 @@ The chosen replication factor has a big impact on the cluster's failure toleranc
  or node failures are only in a single zone, reading and writing data to
  Garage can continue normally.

- `5`, `7`, ...: When setting the replication factor above 3, it is most useful to
-  choose an uneven value, since for every two copies added, one more node can fail
-  before losing the ability to write and read to the cluster.
-
-Note that in modes `2` and `3`,
-if at least the same number of zones are available, an arbitrary number of failures in
-any given zone is tolerated as copies of data will be spread over several zones.
-
-**Make sure `replication_factor` is the same in the configuration files of all nodes.
-Never run a Garage cluster where that is not the case.**
-
-It is technically possible to change the replication factor although it's a
-dangerous operation that is not officially supported.  This requires you to
-delete the existing cluster layout and create a new layout from scratch,
-meaning that a full rebalancing of your cluster's data will be needed.  To do
-it, shut down your cluster entirely, delete the `custer_layout` files in the
-meta directories of all your nodes, update all your configuration files with
-the new `replication_factor` parameter, restart your cluster, and then create a
-new layout with all the nodes you want to keep.  Rebalancing data will take
-some time, and data might temporarily appear unavailable to your users.
-It is recommended to shut down public access to the cluster while rebalancing
-is in progress.  In theory, no data should be lost as rebalancing is a
-routine operation for Garage, although we cannot guarantee you that everything
- will go right in such an extreme scenario.
-
-#### `consistency_mode` {#consistency_mode}
-
-The consistency mode setting determines the read and write behaviour of your cluster.
-
-  - `consistent`: The default setting. This is what the paragraph above describes.
-    The read and write quorum will be determined so that read-after-write consistency
-    is guaranteed.
-  - `degraded`: Lowers the read
+  - `3-degraded`: a variant of replication mode `3`, that lowers the read
    quorum to `1`, to allow you to read data from your cluster when several
    nodes (or nodes in several zones) are unavailable.  In this mode, Garage
-    does not provide read-after-write consistency anymore.
-    The write quorum stays the same as in the `consistent` mode, ensuring that
-    data successfully written to Garage is stored on multiple nodes (depending
-    the replication factor).
-  - `dangerous`: This mode lowers both the read
+    does not provide read-after-write consistency anymore.  The write quorum is
+    still 2, ensuring that data successfully written to Garage is stored on at
+    least two nodes.
+
+  - `3-dangerous`: a variant of replication mode `3` that lowers both the read
    and write quorums to `1`, to allow you to both read and write to your
    cluster when several nodes (or nodes in several zones) are unavailable.  It
    is the least consistent mode of operation proposed by Garage, and also one
    that should probably never be used.

-Changing the `consistency_mode` between modes while leaving the `replication_factor` untouched
-(e.g. setting your node's `consistency_mode` to `degraded` when it was previously unset, or from
-`dangerous` to `consistent`), can be done easily by just changing the `consistency_mode`
-parameter in your config files and restarting all your Garage nodes.
+Note that in modes `2` and `3`,
+if at least the same number of zones are available, an arbitrary number of failures in
+any given zone is tolerated as copies of data will be spread over several zones.

-The consistency mode can be used together with various replication factors, to achieve
-a wide range of read and write characteristics. Some examples:
-
-  - Replication factor `2`, consistency mode `degraded`: While this mode
-    technically exists, its properties are the same as with consistency mode `consistent`,
-    since the read quorum with replication factor `2`, consistency mode `consistent` is already 1.
-
-  - Replication factor `2`, consistency mode `dangerous`: written objects are written to
-    the second replica asynchronously. This means that Garage will return `200
-    OK` to a PutObject request before the second copy is fully written (or even
-    before it even starts being written).  This means that data can more easily
-    be lost if the node crashes before a second copy can be completed.  This
-    also means that written objects might not be visible immediately in read
-    operations.  In other words, this configuration severely breaks the consistency and
-    durability guarantees of standard Garage cluster operation.  Benefits of
-    this configuration: you can still write to your cluster when one node is
-    unavailable.
+**Make sure `replication_mode` is the same in the configuration files of all nodes.
+Never run a Garage cluster where that is not the case.**

 The quorums associated with each replication mode are described below:

-| `consistency_mode` | `replication_factor` | Write quorum | Read quorum | Read-after-write consistency? |
-| ------------------ | -------------------- | ------------ | ----------- | ----------------------------- |
-| `consistent`       | 1                    | 1            | 1           | yes                           |
-| `consistent`       | 2                    | 2            | 1           | yes                           |
-| `dangerous`        | 2                    | 1            | 1           | NO                            |
-| `consistent`       | 3                    | 2            | 2           | yes                           |
-| `degraded`         | 3                    | 2            | 1           | NO                            |
-| `dangerous`        | 3                    | 1            | 1           | NO                            |
+| `replication_mode` | Number of replicas | Write quorum | Read quorum | Read-after-write consistency? |
+| ------------------ | ------------------ | ------------ | ----------- | ----------------------------- |
+| `none` or `1`      | 1                  | 1            | 1           | yes                           |
+| `2`                | 2                  | 2            | 1           | yes                           |
+| `2-dangerous`      | 2                  | 1            | 1           | NO                            |
+| `3`                | 3                  | 2            | 2           | yes                           |
+| `3-degraded`       | 3                  | 2            | 1           | NO                            |
+| `3-dangerous`      | 3                  | 1            | 1           | NO                            |
+
+Changing the `replication_mode` between modes with the same number of replicas
+(e.g. from `3` to `3-degraded`, or from `2-dangerous` to `2`), can be done easily by
+just changing the `replication_mode` parameter in your config files and restarting all your
+Garage nodes.
+
+It is also technically possible to change the replication mode to a mode with a
+different numbers of replicas, although it's a dangerous operation that is not
+officially supported.  This requires you to delete the existing cluster layout
+and create a new layout from scratch, meaning that a full rebalancing of your
+cluster's data will be needed.  To do it, shut down your cluster entirely,
+delete the `custer_layout` files in the meta directories of all your nodes,
+update all your configuration files with the new `replication_mode` parameter,
+restart your cluster, and then create a new layout with all the nodes you want
+to keep.  Rebalancing data will take some time, and data might temporarily
+appear unavailable to your users.  It is recommended to shut down public access
+to the cluster while rebalancing is in progress.  In theory, no data should be
+lost as rebalancing is a routine operation for Garage, although we cannot
+guarantee you that everything will go right in such an extreme scenario.

 #### `metadata_dir` {#metadata_dir}

@ -277,7 +225,6 @@ as the index of all objects, object version and object blocks.

 Store this folder on a fast SSD drive if possible to maximize Garage's performance.

-
 #### `data_dir` {#data_dir}

 The directory in which Garage will store the data blocks of objects.
@ -298,68 +245,38 @@ data_dir = [
 See [the dedicated documentation page](@/documentation/operations/multi-hdd.md)
 on how to operate Garage in such a setup.

-#### `metadata_snapshots_dir` (since Garage `v1.0.2`) {#metadata_snapshots_dir}
-
-The directory in which Garage will store metadata snapshots when it
-performs a snapshot of the metadata database, either when instructed to do
-so from a RPC call or regularly through
-[`metadata_auto_snapshot_interval`](#metadata_auto_snapshot_interval).
-
-By default, Garage will store snapshots into a `snapshots/` subdirectory
-of [`metadata_dir`](#metadata_dir). This might quickly fill up your
-metadata storage space if you use snapshots, because Garage will need up
-to 4x the space of the existing metadata database: each snapshot requires
-roughly as much space as the original database, and Garage temporarily
-needs to store up to three different snapshots before it cleans up the oldest
-snapshot to go back to two stored snapshots.
-
-To prevent filling your disk, you might to change this setting to a
-directory with ample available space, e.g. on the same storage space as
-[`data_dir`](#data_dir).
-
 #### `db_engine` (since `v0.8.0`) {#db_engine}

 Since `v0.8.0`, Garage can use alternative storage backends as follows:

 | DB engine | `db_engine` value | Database path |
 | --------- | ----------------- | ------------- |
-| [LMDB](https://www.symas.com/lmdb) (since `v0.8.0`, default since `v0.9.0`) | `"lmdb"` | `<metadata_dir>/db.lmdb/` |
-| [Sqlite](https://sqlite.org) (since `v0.8.0`) | `"sqlite"` | `<metadata_dir>/db.sqlite` |
-| [Sled](https://sled.rs) (old default, removed since `v1.0`) | `"sled"` | `<metadata_dir>/db/` |
+| [LMDB](https://www.lmdb.tech) (default since `v0.9.0`) | `"lmdb"` | `<metadata_dir>/db.lmdb/` |
+| [Sled](https://sled.rs) (default up to `v0.8.0`) | `"sled"` | `<metadata_dir>/db/` |
+| [Sqlite](https://sqlite.org) | `"sqlite"` | `<metadata_dir>/db.sqlite` |

-Sled was supported until Garage v0.9.x, and was removed in Garage v1.0.
-You can still use an older binary of Garage (e.g. v0.9.4) to migrate
-old Sled metadata databases to another engine.
+Sled was the only database engine up to Garage v0.7.0. Performance issues and
+API limitations of Sled prompted the addition of alternative engines in v0.8.0.
+Since v0.9.0, LMDB is the default engine instead of Sled, and Sled is
+deprecated. We plan to remove Sled in Garage v1.0.

 Performance characteristics of the different DB engines are as follows:

- LMDB: the recommended database engine for high-performance distributed clusters.
-LMDB works very well, but is known to have the following limitations:
+- Sled: tends to produce large data files and also has performance issues,
+  especially when the metadata folder is on a traditional HDD and not on SSD.

-  - The data format of LMDB is not portable between architectures, so for
-    instance the Garage database of an x86-64 node cannot be moved to an ARM64
-    node.
-
-  - While LMDB can technically be used on 32-bit systems, this will limit your
-    node to very small database sizes due to how LMDB works; it is therefore
-    not recommended.
-
-  - Several users have reported corrupted LMDB database files after an unclean
-    shutdown (e.g. a power outage). This situation can generally be recovered
-    from if your cluster is geo-replicated (by rebuilding your metadata db from
-    other nodes), or if you have saved regular snapshots at the filesystem
-    level.
-
-  - Keys in LMDB are limited to 511 bytes. This limit translates to limits on
-    object keys in S3 and sort keys in K2V that are limted to 479 bytes.
+- LMDB: the recommended database engine on 64-bit systems, much more
+  space-efficient and slightly faster. Note that the data format of LMDB is not
+  portable between architectures, so for instance the Garage database of an
+  x86-64 node cannot be moved to an ARM64 node. Also note that, while LMDB can
+  technically be used on 32-bit systems, this will limit your node to very
+  small database sizes due to how LMDB works; it is therefore not recommended.

 - Sqlite: Garage supports Sqlite as an alternative storage backend for
-  metadata, which does not have the issues listed above for LMDB.
-  On versions 0.8.x and earlier, Sqlite should be avoided due to abysmal
-  performance, which was fixed with the addition of `metadata_fsync`.
-  Sqlite is still probably slower than LMDB due to the way we use it,
-  so it is not the best choice for high-performance storage clusters,
-  but it should work fine in many cases.
+  metadata, and although it has not been tested as much, it is expected to work
+  satisfactorily.  Since Garage v0.9.0, performance issues have largely been
+  fixed by allowing for a no-fsync mode (see `metadata_fsync`). Sqlite does not
+  have the database size limitation of LMDB on 32-bit systems.

 It is possible to convert Garage's metadata directory from one format to another
 using the `garage convert-db` command, which should be used as follows:
@ -386,7 +303,7 @@ Using this option reduces the risk of simultaneous metadata corruption on severa
 cluster nodes, which could lead to data loss.

 If multi-site replication is used, this option is most likely not necessary, as
-it is extremely unlikely that two nodes in different locations will have a
+it is extremely unlikely that two nodes in different locations will have a 
 power failure at the exact same time.

 (Metadata corruption on a single node is not an issue, the corrupted data file
@ -396,6 +313,7 @@ Here is how this option impacts the different database engines:

 | Database | `metadata_fsync = false` (default) | `metadata_fsync = true`       |
 |----------|------------------------------------|-------------------------------|
+| Sled     | default options                    | *unsupported*                 |
 | Sqlite   | `PRAGMA synchronous = OFF`         | `PRAGMA synchronous = NORMAL` |
 | LMDB     | `MDB_NOMETASYNC` + `MDB_NOSYNC`    | `MDB_NOMETASYNC`              |

@ -414,50 +332,6 @@ at the cost of a moderate drop in write performance.
 Similarly to `metatada_fsync`, this is likely not necessary
 if geographical replication is used.

-#### `metadata_auto_snapshot_interval` (since Garage v0.9.4) {#metadata_auto_snapshot_interval}
-
-If this value is set, Garage will automatically take a snapshot of the metadata
-DB file at a regular interval and save it in the metadata directory.
-This parameter can take any duration string that can be parsed by
-the [`parse_duration`](https://docs.rs/parse_duration/latest/parse_duration/#syntax) crate.
-
-Snapshots can allow to recover from situations where the metadata DB file is
-corrupted, for instance after an unclean shutdown.  See [this
-page](@/documentation/operations/recovering.md#corrupted_meta) for details.
-Garage keeps only the two most recent snapshots of the metadata DB and deletes
-older ones automatically.
-
-Note that taking a metadata snapshot is a relatively intensive operation as the
-entire data file is copied. A snapshot being taken might have performance
-impacts on the Garage node while it is running. If the cluster is under heavy
-write load when a snapshot operation is running, this might also cause the
-database file to grow in size significantly as pages cannot be recycled easily.
-For this reason, it might be better to use filesystem-level snapshots instead
-if possible.
-
-#### `disable_scrub` {#disable_scrub}
-
-By default, Garage runs a scrub of the data directory approximately once per
-month, with a random delay to avoid all nodes running at the same time.  When
-it scrubs the data directory, Garage will read all of the data files stored on
-disk to check their integrity, and will rebuild any data files that it finds
-corrupted, using the remaining valid copies stored on other nodes.
-See [this page](@/documentation/operations/durability-repairs.md#scrub) for details.
-
-Set the `disable_scrub` configuration value to `true` if you don't need Garage
-to scrub the data directory, for instance if you are already scrubbing at the
-filesystem level. Note that in this case, if you find a corrupted data file,
-you should delete it from the data directory and then call `garage repair
-blocks` on the node to ensure that it re-obtains a copy from another node on
-the network.
-
-#### `use_local_tz` {#use_local_tz}
-
-By default, Garage runs the lifecycle worker every day at midnight in UTC. Set the
-`use_local_tz` configuration value to `true` if you want Garage to run the
-lifecycle worker at midnight in your local timezone. If you have multiple nodes,
-you should also ensure that each node has the same timezone configuration.
-
 #### `block_size` {#block_size}

 Garage splits stored objects in consecutive chunks of size `block_size`
@ -473,36 +347,20 @@ files will remain available. This however means that chunks from existing files
 will not be deduplicated with chunks from newly uploaded files, meaning you
 might use more storage space that is optimally possible.

-#### `block_ram_buffer_max` (since v0.9.4) {#block_ram_buffer_max}
+#### `sled_cache_capacity` {#sled_cache_capacity}

-A limit on the total size of data blocks kept in RAM by S3 API nodes awaiting
-to be sent to storage nodes asynchronously.
+This parameter can be used to tune the capacity of the cache used by
+[sled](https://sled.rs), the database Garage uses internally to store metadata.
+Tune this to fit the RAM you wish to make available to your Garage instance.
+This value has a conservative default (128MB) so that Garage doesn't use too much
+RAM by default, but feel free to increase this for higher performance.

-Explanation: since Garage wants to tolerate node failures, it uses quorum
-writes to send data blocks to storage nodes: try to write the block to three
-nodes, and return ok as soon as two writes complete. So even if all three nodes
-are online, the third write always completes asynchronously.  In general, there
-are not many writes to a cluster, and the third asynchronous write can
-terminate early enough so as to not cause unbounded RAM growth.  However, if
-the S3 API node is continuously receiving large quantities of data and the
-third node is never able to catch up, many data blocks will be kept buffered in
-RAM as they are awaiting transfer to the third node.
+#### `sled_flush_every_ms` {#sled_flush_every_ms}

-The `block_ram_buffer_max` sets a limit to the size of buffers that can be kept
-in RAM in this process.  When the limit is reached, backpressure is applied
-back to the S3 client.
-
-Note that this only counts buffers that have arrived to a certain stage of
-processing (received from the client + encrypted and/or compressed as
-necessary) and are ready to send to the storage nodes. Many other buffers will
-not be counted and this is not a hard limit on RAM consumption.  In particular,
-if many clients send requests simultaneously with large objects, the RAM
-consumption will always grow linearly with the number of concurrent requests,
-as each request will use a few buffers of size `block_size` for receiving and
-intermediate processing before even trying to send the data to the storage
-node.
-
-The default value is 256MiB.
+This parameters can be used to tune the flushing interval of sled.
+Increase this if sled is thrashing your SSD, at the risk of losing more data in case
+of a power outage (though this should not matter much as data is replicated on other
+nodes). The default value, 2000ms, should be appropriate for most use cases.

 #### `lmdb_map_size` {#lmdb_map_size}

@ -560,17 +418,6 @@ the node, even in the case of a NAT: the NAT should be configured to forward the
 port number to the same internal port nubmer. This means that if you have several nodes running
 behind a NAT, they should each use a different RPC port number.

-#### `rpc_bind_outgoing`(since v0.9.2) {#rpc_bind_outgoing}
-
-If enabled, pre-bind all sockets for outgoing connections to the same IP address
-used for listening (the IP address specified in `rpc_bind_addr`) before
-trying to connect to remote nodes.
-This can be necessary if a node has multiple IP addresses,
-but only one is allowed or able to reach the other nodes,
-for instance due to firewall rules or specific routing configuration.
-
-Disabled by default.
-
 #### `rpc_public_addr` {#rpc_public_addr}

 The address and port that other nodes need to use to contact this node for
@ -578,14 +425,6 @@ RPC calls.  **This parameter is optional but recommended.** In case you have
 a NAT that binds the RPC port to a port that is different on your public IP,
 this field might help making it work.

-#### `rpc_public_addr_subnet` {#rpc_public_addr_subnet}
-In case `rpc_public_addr` is not set, but autodiscovery is used, this allows
-filtering the list of automatically discovered IPs to a specific subnet.
-
-For example, if nodes should pick *their* IP inside a specific subnet, but you
-don't want to explicitly write the IP down (as it's dynamic, or you want to
-share configs across nodes), you can use this option.
-
 #### `bootstrap_peers` {#bootstrap_peers}

 A list of peer identifiers on which to contact other Garage peers of this cluster.
@ -602,7 +441,7 @@ be obtained by running `garage node id` and then included directly in the
 key will be returned by `garage node id` and you will have to add the IP
 yourself.

-### `allow_world_readable_secrets` or `GARAGE_ALLOW_WORLD_READABLE_SECRETS` (env) {#allow_world_readable_secrets}
+### `allow_world_readable_secrets`

 Garage checks the permissions of your secret files to make sure they're not
 world-readable. In some cases, the check might fail and consider your files as
@ -635,7 +474,7 @@ the `/v1/catalog` endpoints, enabling mTLS if `client_cert` and `client_key` are
 `service_name` should be set to the service name under which Garage's
 RPC ports are announced.

-#### `client_cert`, `client_key` {#consul_client_cert_and_key}
+#### `client_cert`, `client_key` {#consul_client_cert}

 TLS client certificate and client key to use when communicating with Consul over TLS. Both are mandatory when doing so.
 Only available when `api = "catalog"`.
@ -669,7 +508,7 @@ node_prefix "" {
 }
 ```

-#### `tags` and `meta` {#consul_tags_and_meta}
+#### `tags` and `meta` {#consul_tags}

 Additional list of tags and map of service meta to add during service registration.

@ -763,7 +602,7 @@ the socket will have 0220 mode. Make sure to set user and group permissions acco
 The token for accessing the Metrics endpoint. If this token is not set, the
 Metrics endpoint can be accessed without access control.

-You can use any random string for this value. We recommend generating a random token with `openssl rand -base64 32`.
+You can use any random string for this value. We recommend generating a random token with `openssl rand -hex 32`.

 `metrics_token` was introduced in Garage `v0.7.2`.
 `metrics_token_file` and the `GARAGE_METRICS_TOKEN` environment variable are supported since Garage `v0.8.2`.
@ -775,7 +614,7 @@ You can use any random string for this value. We recommend generating a random t
 The token for accessing all of the other administration endpoints.  If this
 token is not set, access to these endpoints is disabled entirely.

-You can use any random string for this value. We recommend generating a random token with `openssl rand -base64 32`.
+You can use any random string for this value. We recommend generating a random token with `openssl rand -hex 32`.

 `admin_token` was introduced in Garage `v0.7.2`.
 `admin_token_file` and the `GARAGE_ADMIN_TOKEN` environment variable are supported since Garage `v0.8.2`.
--- a/doc/book/reference-manual/features.md
+++ b/doc/book/reference-manual/features.md
@ -37,21 +37,6 @@ A Garage cluster can very easily evolve over time, as storage nodes are added or
 Garage will automatically rebalance data between nodes as needed to ensure the desired number of copies.
 Read about cluster layout management [here](@/documentation/operations/layout.md).

-### Several replication modes
-
-Garage supports a variety of replication modes, with configurable replica count,
-and with various levels of consistency, in order to adapt to a variety of usage scenarios.
-Read our reference page on [supported replication modes](@/documentation/reference-manual/configuration.md#replication_factor)
-to select the replication mode best suited to your use case (hint: in most cases, `replication_factor = 3` is what you want).
-
-### Compression and deduplication
-
-All data stored in Garage is deduplicated, and optionnally compressed using
-Zstd.  Objects uploaded to Garage are chunked in blocks of constant sizes (see
-[`block_size`](@/documentation/reference-manual/configuration.md#block_size)),
-and the hashes of individual blocks are used to dispatch them to storage nodes
-and to deduplicate them.
-
 ### No RAFT slowing you down

 It might seem strange to tout the absence of something as a desirable feature,
@ -61,7 +46,14 @@ directed to a Garage cluster can be handled independently of one another instead
 of going through a central bottleneck (the leader node).
 As a consequence, requests can be handled much faster, even in cases where latency
 between cluster nodes is important (see our [benchmarks](@/documentation/design/benchmarks/index.md) for data on this).
-This is particularly useful when nodes are far from one another and talk to one other through standard Internet connections.
+This is particularly usefull when nodes are far from one another and talk to one other through standard Internet connections.
+
+### Several replication modes
+
+Garage supports a variety of replication modes, with 1 copy, 2 copies or 3 copies of your data,
+and with various levels of consistency, in order to adapt to a variety of usage scenarios.
+Read our reference page on [supported replication modes](@/documentation/reference-manual/configuration.md#replication_mode)
+to select the replication mode best suited to your use case (hint: in most cases, `replication_mode = "3"` is what you want).

 ### Web server for static websites

--- a/doc/book/reference-manual/monitoring.md
+++ b/doc/book/reference-manual/monitoring.md
@ -27,112 +27,6 @@ Exposes the Garage replication factor configured on the node
 garage_replication_factor 3
 ```

-#### `garage_local_disk_avail` and `garage_local_disk_total` (gauge)
-
-Reports the available and total disk space on each node, for data and metadata separately.
-
-```
-garage_local_disk_avail{volume="data"} 540341960704
-garage_local_disk_avail{volume="metadata"} 540341960704
-garage_local_disk_total{volume="data"} 763063566336
-garage_local_disk_total{volume="metadata"} 763063566336
-```
-
-### Cluster health status metrics
-
-#### `cluster_healthy` (gauge)
-
-Whether all storage nodes are connected (0 or 1)
-
-```
-cluster_healthy 0
-```
-
-#### `cluster_available` (gauge)
-
-Whether all requests can be served, even if some storage nodes are disconnected
-
-```
-cluster_available 1
-```
-
-#### `cluster_connected_nodes` (gauge)
-
-Number of nodes currently connected
-
-```
-cluster_connected_nodes 3
-```
-
-#### `cluster_known_nodes` (gauge)
-
-Number of nodes already seen once in the cluster
-
-```
-cluster_known_nodes 3
-```
-
-#### `cluster_layout_node_connected` (gauge)
-
-Connection status for individual nodes of the cluster layout
-
-```
-cluster_layout_node_connected{id="62b218d848e86a64",role_capacity="1000000000",role_gateway="0",role_zone="dc1"} 1
-cluster_layout_node_connected{id="a11c7cf18af29737",role_capacity="1000000000",role_gateway="0",role_zone="dc1"} 0
-cluster_layout_node_connected{id="a235ac7695e0c54d",role_capacity="1000000000",role_gateway="0",role_zone="dc1"} 1
-cluster_layout_node_connected{id="b10c110e4e854e5a",role_capacity="1000000000",role_gateway="0",role_zone="dc1"} 1
-```
-
-#### `cluster_layout_node_disconnected_time` (gauge)
-
-Time (in seconds) since last connection to individual nodes of the cluster layout
-
-```
-cluster_layout_node_disconnected_time{id="62b218d848e86a64",role_capacity="1000000000",role_gateway="0",role_zone="dc1"} 0
-cluster_layout_node_disconnected_time{id="a235ac7695e0c54d",role_capacity="1000000000",role_gateway="0",role_zone="dc1"} 0
-cluster_layout_node_disconnected_time{id="b10c110e4e854e5a",role_capacity="1000000000",role_gateway="0",role_zone="dc1"} 0
-```
-
-#### `cluster_storage_nodes` (gauge)
-
-Number of storage nodes declared in the current layout
-
-```
-cluster_storage_nodes 4
-```
-
-#### `cluster_storage_nodes_ok` (gauge)
-
-Number of storage nodes currently connected
-
-```
-cluster_storage_nodes_ok 3
-```
-
-#### `cluster_partitions` (gauge)
-
-Number of partitions in the layout (this is always 256)
-
-```
-cluster_partitions 256
-```
-
-#### `cluster_partitions_all_ok` (gauge)
-
-Number of partitions for which all storage nodes are connected
-
-```
-cluster_partitions_all_ok 64
-```
-
-#### `cluster_partitions_quorum` (gauge)
-
-Number of partitions for which we have a quorum of connected nodes and all requests can be served
-
-```
-cluster_partitions_quorum 256
-```
-
 ### Metrics of the API endpoints

 #### `api_admin_request_counter` (counter)
@ -225,17 +119,6 @@ block_bytes_read 120586322022
 block_bytes_written 3386618077
 ```

-#### `block_ram_buffer_free_kb` (gauge)
-
-Kibibytes available for buffering blocks that have to be sent to remote nodes.
-When clients send too much data to this node and a storage node is not receiving
-data fast enough due to slower network conditions, this will decrease down to
-zero and backpressure will be applied.
-
-```
-block_ram_buffer_free_kb 219829
-```
-
 #### `block_compression_level` (counter)

 Exposes the block compression level configured for the Garage node.
@ -392,7 +275,7 @@ table_merkle_updater_todo_queue_length{table_name="block_ref"} 0

 #### `table_sync_items_received`, `table_sync_items_sent` (counters)

-Number of data items sent to/received from other nodes during resync procedures
+Number of data items sent to/recieved from other nodes during resync procedures

 ```
 table_sync_items_received{from="<remote node>",table_name="bucket_v2"} 3
--- a/doc/book/reference-manual/s3-compatibility.md
+++ b/doc/book/reference-manual/s3-compatibility.md
@ -33,7 +33,6 @@ Feel free to open a PR to suggest fixes this table. Minio is missing because the
 | [URL path-style](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonS3/latest/userguide/VirtualHosting.html#path-style-access) (eg. `host.tld/bucket/key`) |  ✅ Implemented | ✅ |  ✅ | ❓| ✅ |
 | [URL vhost-style](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonS3/latest/userguide/VirtualHosting.html#virtual-hosted-style-access) URL (eg. `bucket.host.tld/key`) |  ✅ Implemented | ❌| ✅| ✅ | ✅ |
 | [Presigned URLs](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonS3/latest/userguide/ShareObjectPreSignedURL.html) |  ✅ Implemented | ❌|  ✅ | ✅ |  ✅(❓) |
-| [SSE-C encryption](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonS3/latest/userguide/ServerSideEncryptionCustomerKeys.html) |  ✅ Implemented | ❓ |  ✅ | ❌ |  ✅ |

 *Note:* OpenIO does not says if it supports presigned URLs. Because it is part
 of signature v4 and they claim they support it without additional precisions,
--- a/doc/book/working-documents/design-draft.md
+++ b/doc/book/working-documents/design-draft.md
@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ The general principle are similar, but details have not been updated.**
 A version is defined by the existence of at least one entry in the blocks table for a certain version UUID.
 We must keep the following invariant: if a version exists in the blocks table, it has to be referenced in the objects table.
 We explicitly manage concurrent versions of an object: the version timestamp and version UUID columns are index columns, thus we may have several concurrent versions of an object.
-Important: before deleting an older version from the objects table, we must make sure that we did a successful delete of the blocks of that version from the blocks table.
+Important: before deleting an older version from the objects table, we must make sure that we did a successfull delete of the blocks of that version from the blocks table.

 Thus, the workflow for reading an object is as follows:

@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ Known issue: if someone is reading from a version that we want to delete and the
 Usefull metadata:

 - list of versions that reference this block in the Casandra table, so that we can do GC by checking in Cassandra that the lines still exist
- list of other nodes that we know have acknowledged a write of this block, useful in the rebalancing algorithm
+- list of other nodes that we know have acknowledged a write of this block, usefull in the rebalancing algorithm

 Write strategy: have a single thread that does all write IO so that it is serialized (or have several threads that manage independent parts of the hash space). When writing a blob, write it to a temporary file, close, then rename so that a concurrent read gets a consistent result (either not found or found with whole content).

--- a/doc/book/working-documents/migration-04.md
+++ b/doc/book/working-documents/migration-04.md
@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ The migration steps are as follows:
 5. Turn off Garage 0.3

 6. Backup metadata folders if you can (i.e. if you have space to do it
-   somewhere). Backuping data folders could also be useful but that's much
+   somewhere). Backuping data folders could also be usefull but that's much
   harder to do. If your filesystem supports snapshots, this could be a good
   time to use them.

--- a/doc/book/working-documents/migration-1.md
+++ b/doc/book/working-documents/migration-1.md
@ -1,77 +0,0 @@
-+++
-title = "Migrating from 0.9 to 1.0"
-weight = 11
-+++
-
-**This guide explains how to migrate to 1.0 if you have an existing 0.9 cluster.
-We don't recommend trying to migrate to 1.0 directly from 0.8 or older.**
-
-This migration procedure has been tested on several clusters without issues.
-However, it is still a *critical procedure* that might cause issues.
-**Make sure to back up all your data before attempting it!**
-
-You might also want to read our [general documentation on upgrading Garage](@/documentation/operations/upgrading.md).
-
-## Changes introduced in v1.0
-
-The following are **breaking changes** in Garage v1.0 that require your attention when migrating:
-
- The Sled metadata db engine has been **removed**. If your cluster was still
-  using Sled, you will need to **use a Garage v0.9.x binary** to convert the
-  database using the `garage convert-db` subcommand. See
-  [here](@/documentation/reference-manual/configuration.md#db_engine) for the
-  details of the procedure.
-
-The following syntax changes have been made to the configuration file:
-
- The `replication_mode` parameter has been split into two parameters:
-  [`replication_factor`](@/documentation/reference-manual/configuration.md#replication_factor)
-  and
-  [`consistency_mode`](@/documentation/reference-manual/configuration.md#consistency_mode).
-  The old syntax using `replication_mode` is still supported for legacy
-  reasons and can still be used.
-
- The parameters `sled_cache_capacity` and `sled_flush_every_ms` have been removed.
-
-## Migration procedure
-
-The migration to Garage v1.0 can be done with almost no downtime,
-by restarting all nodes at once in the new version.
-
-The migration steps are as follows:
-
-1. Do a `garage repair --all-nodes --yes tables`, check the logs and check that
-   all data seems to be synced correctly between nodes. If you have time, do
-   additional `garage repair` procedures (`blocks`, `versions`, `block_refs`,
-   etc.)
-
-2. Ensure you have a snapshot of your Garage installation that you can restore
-   to in case the upgrade goes wrong:
-
-   - If you are running Garage v0.9.4 or later, use the `garage meta snapshot
-     --all` to make a backup snapshot of the metadata directories of your nodes
-     for backup purposes, and save a copy of the following files in the
-     metadata directories of your nodes: `cluster_layout`, `data_layout`,
-     `node_key`, `node_key.pub`.
-
-   - If you are running a filesystem such as ZFS or BTRFS that support
-     snapshotting, you can create a filesystem-level snapshot to be used as a
-     restoration point if needed.
-
-   - In other cases, make a backup using the old procedure: turn off each node
-     individually; back up its metadata folder (for instance, use the following
-     command if your metadata directory is `/var/lib/garage/meta`: `cd
-     /var/lib/garage ; tar -acf meta-v0.9.tar.zst meta/`); turn it back on
-     again.  This will allow you to take a backup of all nodes without
-     impacting global cluster availability.  You can do all nodes of a single
-     zone at once as this does not impact the availability of Garage.
-
-3. Prepare your updated binaries and configuration files for Garage v1.0
-
-4. Shut down all v0.9 nodes simultaneously, and restart them all simultaneously
-   in v1.0.  Use your favorite deployment tool (Ansible, Kubernetes, Nomad) to
-   achieve this as fast as possible.  Garage v1.0 should be in a working state
-   as soon as enough nodes have started.
-
-5. Monitor your cluster in the following hours to see if it works well under
-   your production load.
--- a/doc/book/working-documents/testing-strategy.md
+++ b/doc/book/working-documents/testing-strategy.md
@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ There are two reasons for this:

 Reminder: rules of simplicity, concerning changes to Garage's source code.
 Always question what we are doing.
-Never do anything just because it looks nice or because we "think" it might be useful at some later point but without knowing precisely why/when.
+Never do anything just because it looks nice or because we "think" it might be usefull at some later point but without knowing precisely why/when.
 Only do things that make perfect sense in the context of what we currently know.

 ## References
--- a/doc/drafts/admin-api.md
+++ b/doc/drafts/admin-api.md
@ -8,9 +8,9 @@ listen address is specified in the `[admin]` section of the configuration
 file (see [configuration file
 reference](@/documentation/reference-manual/configuration.md))

-**WARNING.** At this point, there is no commitment to the stability of the APIs described in this document.
-We will bump the version numbers prefixed to each API endpoint each time the syntax
-or semantics change, meaning that code that relies on these endpoints will break
+**WARNING.** At this point, there is no comittement to stability of the APIs described in this document.
+We will bump the version numbers prefixed to each API endpoint at each time the syntax
+or semantics change, meaning that code that relies on these endpoint will break
 when changes are introduced.

 The Garage administration API was introduced in version 0.7.2, this document
@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ does not apply to older versions of Garage.

 ## Access control

-The admin API uses two different tokens for access control, that are specified in the config file's `[admin]` section:
+The admin API uses two different tokens for acces control, that are specified in the config file's `[admin]` section:

 - `metrics_token`: the token for accessing the Metrics endpoint (if this token
  is not set in the config file, the Metrics endpoint can be accessed without
@ -69,10 +69,11 @@ Example response body:

 ```json
 {
-  "node": "b10c110e4e854e5aa3f4637681befac755154b20059ec163254ddbfae86b09df",
-  "garageVersion": "v1.0.1",
+  "node": "ec79480e0ce52ae26fd00c9da684e4fa56658d9c64cdcecb094e936de0bfe71f",
+  "garageVersion": "git:v0.9.0-dev",
  "garageFeatures": [
    "k2v",
+    "sled",
    "lmdb",
    "sqlite",
    "metrics",
@ -80,92 +81,83 @@ Example response body:
  ],
  "rustVersion": "1.68.0",
  "dbEngine": "LMDB (using Heed crate)",
-  "layoutVersion": 5,
-  "nodes": [
+  "knownNodes": [
    {
-      "id": "62b218d848e86a64f7fe1909735f29a4350547b54c4b204f91246a14eb0a1a8c",
-      "role": {
-        "id": "62b218d848e86a64f7fe1909735f29a4350547b54c4b204f91246a14eb0a1a8c",
-        "zone": "dc1",
-        "capacity": 100000000000,
-        "tags": []
-      },
-      "addr": "10.0.0.3:3901",
-      "hostname": "node3",
+      "id": "ec79480e0ce52ae26fd00c9da684e4fa56658d9c64cdcecb094e936de0bfe71f",
+      "addr": "10.0.0.11:3901",
      "isUp": true,
-      "lastSeenSecsAgo": 12,
-      "draining": false,
-      "dataPartition": {
-        "available": 660270088192,
-        "total": 873862266880
-      },
-      "metadataPartition": {
-        "available": 660270088192,
-        "total": 873862266880
-      }
+      "lastSeenSecsAgo": 9,
+      "hostname": "node1"
    },
    {
-      "id": "a11c7cf18af297379eff8688360155fe68d9061654449ba0ce239252f5a7487f",
-      "role": null,
-      "addr": "10.0.0.2:3901",
-      "hostname": "node2",
+      "id": "4a6ae5a1d0d33bf895f5bb4f0a418b7dc94c47c0dd2eb108d1158f3c8f60b0ff",
+      "addr": "10.0.0.12:3901",
      "isUp": true,
-      "lastSeenSecsAgo": 11,
-      "draining": true,
-      "dataPartition": {
-        "available": 660270088192,
-        "total": 873862266880
-      },
-      "metadataPartition": {
-        "available": 660270088192,
-        "total": 873862266880
-      }
+      "lastSeenSecsAgo": 1,
+      "hostname": "node2"
    },
    {
-      "id": "a235ac7695e0c54d7b403943025f57504d500fdcc5c3e42c71c5212faca040a2",
-      "role": {
-        "id": "a235ac7695e0c54d7b403943025f57504d500fdcc5c3e42c71c5212faca040a2",
-        "zone": "dc1",
-        "capacity": 100000000000,
-        "tags": []
-      },
-      "addr": "127.0.0.1:3904",
-      "hostname": "lindy",
+      "id": "23ffd0cdd375ebff573b20cc5cef38996b51c1a7d6dbcf2c6e619876e507cf27",
+      "addr": "10.0.0.21:3901",
      "isUp": true,
-      "lastSeenSecsAgo": 2,
-      "draining": false,
-      "dataPartition": {
-        "available": 660270088192,
-        "total": 873862266880
-      },
-      "metadataPartition": {
-        "available": 660270088192,
-        "total": 873862266880
-      }
+      "lastSeenSecsAgo": 7,
+      "hostname": "node3"
    },
    {
-      "id": "b10c110e4e854e5aa3f4637681befac755154b20059ec163254ddbfae86b09df",
-      "role": {
-        "id": "b10c110e4e854e5aa3f4637681befac755154b20059ec163254ddbfae86b09df",
-        "zone": "dc1",
-        "capacity": 100000000000,
-        "tags": []
-      },
-      "addr": "10.0.0.1:3901",
-      "hostname": "node1",
+      "id": "e2ee7984ee65b260682086ec70026165903c86e601a4a5a501c1900afe28d84b",
+      "addr": "10.0.0.22:3901",
      "isUp": true,
-      "lastSeenSecsAgo": 3,
-      "draining": false,
-      "dataPartition": {
-        "available": 660270088192,
-        "total": 873862266880
-      },
-      "metadataPartition": {
-        "available": 660270088192,
-        "total": 873862266880
-      }
+      "lastSeenSecsAgo": 1,
+      "hostname": "node4"
    }
-  ]
+  ],
+  "layout": {
+    "version": 12,
+    "roles": [
+      {
+        "id": "ec79480e0ce52ae26fd00c9da684e4fa56658d9c64cdcecb094e936de0bfe71f",
+        "zone": "dc1",
+        "capacity": 10737418240,
+        "tags": [
+          "node1"
+        ]
+      },
+      {
+        "id": "4a6ae5a1d0d33bf895f5bb4f0a418b7dc94c47c0dd2eb108d1158f3c8f60b0ff",
+        "zone": "dc1",
+        "capacity": 10737418240,
+        "tags": [
+          "node2"
+        ]
+      },
+      {
+        "id": "23ffd0cdd375ebff573b20cc5cef38996b51c1a7d6dbcf2c6e619876e507cf27",
+        "zone": "dc2",
+        "capacity": 10737418240,
+        "tags": [
+          "node3"
+        ]
+      }
+    ],
+    "stagedRoleChanges": [
+      {
+        "id": "e2ee7984ee65b260682086ec70026165903c86e601a4a5a501c1900afe28d84b",
+        "remove": false,
+        "zone": "dc2",
+        "capacity": 10737418240,
+        "tags": [
+          "node4"
+        ]
+      }
+      {
+        "id": "23ffd0cdd375ebff573b20cc5cef38996b51c1a7d6dbcf2c6e619876e507cf27",
+        "remove": true,
+        "zone": null,
+        "capacity": null,
+        "tags": null,
+      }
+    ]
+  }
 }
 ```

--- a/doc/drafts/k2v-spec.md
+++ b/doc/drafts/k2v-spec.md
@ -146,7 +146,7 @@ in a bucket, as the partition key becomes the sort key in the index.
 How indexing works:

 - Each node keeps a local count of how many items it stores for each partition,
-  in a local database tree that is updated atomically when an item is modified.
+  in a local Sled tree that is updated atomically when an item is modified.
 - These local counters are asynchronously stored in the index table which is
  a regular Garage table spread in the network. Counters are stored as LWW values,
  so basically the final table will have the following structure:
@ -562,7 +562,7 @@ token>", v: ["<value1>", ...] }`, with the following fields:
 - in case of concurrent update and deletion, a `null` is added to the list of concurrent values

 - if the `tombstones` query parameter is set to `true`, tombstones are returned
-  for items that have been deleted (this can be useful for inserting after an
+  for items that have been deleted (this can be usefull for inserting after an
  item that has been deleted, so that the insert is not considered
  concurrent with the delete). Tombstones are returned as tuples in the
  same format with only `null` values
--- a/doc/talks/2024-02-03-fosdem/abstract.md
+++ b/doc/talks/2024-02-03-fosdem/abstract.md
@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+### (fr) Garage, un système de stockage de données géo-distribué léger et robuste
+
+Garage est un système de stockage de données léger, géo-distribué, qui
+implémente le protocole de stockage S3 de Amazon. Garage est destiné
+principalement à l'auto-hébergement sur du matériel courant d'occasion. À ce
+titre, il doit tolérer un grand nombre de pannes: coupures de courant, coupures
+de connexion Internet, pannes de machines, ... Il doit également être facile à
+déployer et à maintenir, afin de pouvoir être facilement utilisé par des
+amateurs ou des petites organisations.
+
+Cette présentation vous proposera un aperçu de Garage et du choix technique
+principal qui rend un système comme Garage possible: le refus d'utiliser des
+algorithmes de consensus, remplacés avantageusement par des méthodes à
+cohérence faible.  Notre modèle est fortement inspiré de la base de donnée
+Dynamo (DeCandia et al, 2007), et fait usage des types de données CRDT (Shapiro
+et al, 2011).  Nous exploreront comment ces méthodes s'appliquent à la
+construction de l'abstraction "stockage objet" dans un système distribué, et
+quelles autres abstractions peuvent ou ne peuvent pas être construites dans ce
+modèle.
+
+### (en) Garage, a lightweight and robust geo-distributed data storage system
+
+Garage is a lightweight geo-distributed data store that implements the Amazon
+S3 object storage protocol.  Garage is meant primarily for self-hosting at home
+on second-hand commodity hardware, meaning it has to tolerate a wide variety of
+failure scenarios such as power cuts, Internet disconnections and machine
+crashes. It also has to be easy to deploy and maintain, so that hobbyists and
+small organizations can use it without trouble. 
+
+This talk will present Garage and the key technical choice that made Garage
+possible: refusing to use consensus algorithms and using instead weak
+consistency methods, with a model that is loosely based on that of the Dynamo
+database (DeCandia et al, 2007) and that makes heavy use of conflict-free
+replicated data types (Shapiro et al, 2011).  We will explore how these methods
+are suited to building the "object store" abstraction in a distributed system,
+and what other abstractions are possible or impossible to build in this model.
+
+
+
--- a/doc/talks/2024-02-03-fosdem/talk.pdf
+++ b/doc/talks/2024-02-03-fosdem/talk.pdf
--- a/doc/talks/2024-02-03-fosdem/talk.tex
+++ b/doc/talks/2024-02-03-fosdem/talk.tex
@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 \nonstopmode
-\documentclass[aspectratio=169,xcolor={svgnames}]{beamer}
+\documentclass[aspectratio=169]{beamer}
 \usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
 % \usepackage[frenchb]{babel}
 \usepackage{amsmath}
@ -176,12 +176,7 @@

 \begin{frame}
 	\frametitle{CRDTs / weak consistency instead of consensus}
-
-	\underline{Internally, Garage uses only CRDTs} (conflict-free replicated data types)
-
-	\vspace{2em}
-	Why not Raft, Paxos, ...? Issues of consensus algorithms:
-
+	Consensus can be implemented reasonably well in practice, so why avoid it?
 	\vspace{1em}
 	\begin{itemize}
 		\item<2-> \textbf{Software complexity}
@ -196,6 +191,8 @@
 				\item<6-> \textbf{Takes time to reconverge} when disrupted (e.g. node going down)
 			\end{itemize}
 	\end{itemize}
+	\vspace{2em}
+	\visible<7->{\underline{Internally, Garage uses only CRDTs} (conflict-free replicated data types)}
 \end{frame}

 \begin{frame}
@ -266,9 +263,11 @@
 			\vspace{1em}
 		\item Replication modes with 1 or 2 copies / weaker consistency
 			\vspace{1em}
-		\item Kubernetes integration for node discovery
+		\item Kubernetes integration
 			\vspace{1em}
 		\item Admin API (v0.7.2)
+			\vspace{1em}
+		\item Experimental K2V API (v0.7.2)
 	\end{itemize}
 \end{frame}

@ -324,8 +323,7 @@
 	\end{itemize}

 	\vspace{2em}
-	\textbf{LMDB:} very stable, good performance, file size is reasonable\\
-	\textbf{Sqlite} also available as a second choice
+	\textbf{LMDB:} very stable, good performance, reasonably small files on disk

 	\vspace{1em}
 	Sled will be removed in Garage v1.0
@ -419,15 +417,15 @@
 				\textbf{Partition} & \textbf{Node 1} & \textbf{Node 2} & \textbf{Node 3} \\
 				\hline
 				\hline
-				Partition 0 & df-ymk (bespin) & Abricot (scorpio) & Courgette (neptune) \\
+				Partition 0 & Io (jupiter) & Drosera (atuin) & Courgette (neptune) \\
 				\hline
-				Partition 1 & Ananas (scorpio) & Courgette (neptune) & df-ykl (bespin) \\
+				Partition 1 & Datura (atuin) & Courgette (neptune) & Io (jupiter) \\
 				\hline
-				Partition 2 & df-ymf (bespin) & Celeri (neptune) & Abricot (scorpio) \\
+				Partition 2 & Io(jupiter) & Celeri (neptune) & Drosera (atuin) \\
 				\hline
 				\hspace{1em}$\vdots$ & \hspace{1em}$\vdots$ & \hspace{1em}$\vdots$ & \hspace{1em}$\vdots$ \\
 				\hline
-				Partition 255 & Concombre (neptune) & df-ykl (bespin) & Abricot (scorpio) \\
+				Partition 255 & Concombre (neptune) & Io (jupiter) & Drosera (atuin) \\
 				\hline
 			\end{tabular}
 			\end{center}
@ -486,9 +484,9 @@

 	\vspace{1em}
 	{\small
-		\textbf{Property:} If client 1 did an operation $write(x)$ and received an OK response,\\
-			\hspace{2cm} and client 2 starts an operation $read()$ after client 1 received OK,\\
-			\hspace{2cm} then client 2 will read a value $x' \sqsupseteq x$.
+		\textbf{Property:} If node $A$ did an operation $write(x)$ and received an OK response,\\
+			\hspace{2cm} and node $B$ starts an operation $read()$ after $A$ received OK,\\
+			\hspace{2cm} then $B$ will read a value $x' \sqsupseteq x$.
 	}

 	\vspace{1.5em}
@ -541,53 +539,10 @@
 		\item We rely on quorums $k > n/2$ within each partition:\\
 			$$n=3,~~~~~~~k\ge 2$$
 		\item<2-> When rebalancing, the set of nodes responsible for a partition can change:\\
-
-			\vspace{1em}
-			\begin{minipage}{.04\linewidth}~
-			\end{minipage}
-			\begin{minipage}{.40\linewidth}
-			{\tiny
-				\begin{tabular}{|l|l|l|l|}
-					\hline
-					\textbf{Partition} & \textbf{Node 1} & \textbf{Node 2} & \textbf{Node 3} \\
-					\hline
-					\hline
-					Partition 0 & \textcolor{Crimson}{df-ymk}  & Abricot  & \textcolor{Crimson}{Courgette} \\
-					\hline
-					Partition 1 & Ananas  & \textcolor{Crimson}{Courgette} & \textcolor{Crimson}{df-ykl}  \\
-					\hline
-					Partition 2 & \textcolor{Crimson}{df-ymf}  & \textcolor{Crimson}{Celeri} & Abricot  \\
-					\hline
-					\hspace{1em}$\dots$ & \hspace{1em}$\dots$ & \hspace{1em}$\dots$ & \hspace{1em}$\dots$ \\
-					\hline
-				\end{tabular}
-			}
-			\end{minipage}
-			\begin{minipage}{.04\linewidth}
-				$\to$
-			\end{minipage}
-			\begin{minipage}{.40\linewidth}
-			{\tiny
-				\begin{tabular}{|l|l|l|l|}
-					\hline
-					\textbf{Partition} & \textbf{Node 1} & \textbf{Node 2} & \textbf{Node 3} \\
-					\hline
-					\hline
-					Partition 0 & \textcolor{ForestGreen}{Dahlia}  & Abricot  & \textcolor{ForestGreen}{Eucalyptus} \\
-					\hline
-					Partition 1 & Ananas  & \textcolor{ForestGreen}{Euphorbe}  & \textcolor{ForestGreen}{Doradille} \\
-					\hline
-					Partition 2 & \textcolor{ForestGreen}{Dahlia}  & \textcolor{ForestGreen}{Echinops} & Abricot  \\
-					\hline
-					\hspace{1em}$\dots$ & \hspace{1em}$\dots$ & \hspace{1em}$\dots$ & \hspace{1em}$\dots$ \\
-					\hline
-				\end{tabular}
-			}
-			\end{minipage}
-
-			\vspace{2em}
-		\item<3-> During the rebalancing, new nodes don't yet have the data,\\
-			~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~and old nodes want to get rid of the data to free up space\\
+			$$\{A, B, C\} \to \{A, D, E\}$$
+			\vspace{.01em}
+		\item<3-> During the rebalancing, $D$ and $E$ don't yet have the data,\\
+			~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~and $B$ and $C$ want to get rid of the data to free up space\\
 			\vspace{1.2em}
 			$\to$ risk of inconsistency, \textbf{how to coordinate?}
 	\end{itemize}
@ -634,7 +589,7 @@
 \end{frame}

 \begin{frame}
-	\frametitle{Towards v1.0...}
+	\frametitle{Towards v1.0}
 	Focus on \underline{security \& stability}
 	\vspace{2em}
 	\begin{itemize}
@ -648,13 +603,6 @@
 	\end{itemize}
 \end{frame}

-\begin{frame}
-	\frametitle{...and beyond!}
-	\begin{center}
-		\includegraphics[width=.6\linewidth]{../assets/survey_requested_features.png}
-	\end{center}
-\end{frame}
-
 % ======================================== OPERATING
 % ======================================== OPERATING
 % ======================================== OPERATING
@ -736,7 +684,7 @@
 			\end{itemize}
 			\vspace{.5em}
 	\end{itemize}
-	Our deployments: $< 10$ TB. Some people have done more!
+	Current deployments: $< 10$ TB, we don't have much experience with more
 \end{frame}


--- a/doc/talks/2024-02-29-capitoul/.gitignore
+++ b/doc/talks/2024-02-29-capitoul/.gitignore
@ -1,17 +0,0 @@
-*
-
-!*.txt
-!*.md
-
-!assets
-
-!.gitignore
-!*.svg
-!*.png
-!*.jpg
-!*.tex
-!Makefile
-!.gitignore
-!assets/*.drawio.pdf
-
-!talk.pdf
--- a/doc/talks/2024-02-29-capitoul/Makefile
+++ b/doc/talks/2024-02-29-capitoul/Makefile
@ -1,10 +0,0 @@
-ASSETS=../assets/logos/deuxfleurs.pdf
-
-talk.pdf: talk.tex $(ASSETS)
-	pdflatex talk.tex
-
-%.pdf: %.svg
-	inkscape -D -z --file=$^ --export-pdf=$@
-
-%.pdf_tex: %.svg
-	inkscape -D -z --file=$^ --export-pdf=$@ --export-latex
--- a/doc/talks/2024-02-29-capitoul/talk.pdf
+++ b/doc/talks/2024-02-29-capitoul/talk.pdf
--- a/doc/talks/2024-02-29-capitoul/talk.tex
+++ b/doc/talks/2024-02-29-capitoul/talk.tex
@ -1,543 +0,0 @@
-\nonstopmode
-\documentclass[aspectratio=169,xcolor={svgnames}]{beamer}
-\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
-% \usepackage[frenchb]{babel}
-\usepackage{amsmath}
-\usepackage{mathtools}
-\usepackage{breqn}
-\usepackage{multirow}
-\usetheme{boxes}
-\usepackage{graphicx}
-\usepackage{import}
-\usepackage{adjustbox}
-\usepackage[absolute,overlay]{textpos}
-%\useoutertheme[footline=authortitle,subsection=false]{miniframes}
-%\useoutertheme[footline=authorinstitute,subsection=false]{miniframes}
-\useoutertheme{infolines}
-\setbeamertemplate{headline}{}
-
-\beamertemplatenavigationsymbolsempty
-
-\definecolor{TitleOrange}{RGB}{255,137,0}
-\setbeamercolor{title}{fg=TitleOrange}
-\setbeamercolor{frametitle}{fg=TitleOrange}
-
-\definecolor{ListOrange}{RGB}{255,145,5}
-\setbeamertemplate{itemize item}{\color{ListOrange}$\blacktriangleright$}
-
-\definecolor{verygrey}{RGB}{70,70,70}
-\setbeamercolor{normal text}{fg=verygrey}
-
-
-\usepackage{tabu}
-\usepackage{multicol}
-\usepackage{vwcol}
-\usepackage{stmaryrd}
-\usepackage{graphicx}
-
-\usepackage[normalem]{ulem}
-
-\AtBeginSection[]{
-  \begin{frame}
-  \vfill
-  \centering
-  \begin{beamercolorbox}[sep=8pt,center,shadow=true,rounded=true]{title}
-    \usebeamerfont{title}\insertsectionhead\par%
-  \end{beamercolorbox}
-  \vfill
-  \end{frame}
-}
-
-\title{Garage}
-\author{Alex Auvolat, Deuxfleurs}
-\date{Capitoul, 2024-02-29}
-
-\begin{document}
-
-\begin{frame}
-	\centering
-	\includegraphics[width=.3\linewidth]{../../sticker/Garage.png}
-	\vspace{1em}
-
-	{\large\bf Alex Auvolat, Deuxfleurs Association}
-	\vspace{1em}
-
-	\url{https://garagehq.deuxfleurs.fr/}
-
-	Matrix channel: \texttt{\#garage:deuxfleurs.fr}
-\end{frame}
-
-\begin{frame}
-	\frametitle{Who I am}
-	\begin{columns}[t]
-		\begin{column}{.2\textwidth}
-			\centering
-			\adjincludegraphics[width=.4\linewidth, valign=t]{../assets/alex.jpg}
-		\end{column}
-		\begin{column}{.6\textwidth}
-			\textbf{Alex Auvolat}\\
-			PhD; co-founder of Deuxfleurs
-		\end{column}
-		\begin{column}{.2\textwidth}
-			~
-		\end{column}
-	\end{columns}
-	\vspace{2em}
-
-	\begin{columns}[t]
-		\begin{column}{.2\textwidth}
-			\centering
-			\adjincludegraphics[width=.5\linewidth, valign=t]{../assets/logos/deuxfleurs.pdf}
-		\end{column}
-		\begin{column}{.6\textwidth}
-			\textbf{Deuxfleurs}\\
-			A non-profit self-hosting collective,\\
-			member of the CHATONS network
-		\end{column}
-		\begin{column}{.2\textwidth}
-			\centering
-			\adjincludegraphics[width=.7\linewidth, valign=t]{../assets/logos/logo_chatons.png}
-		\end{column}
-	\end{columns}
-
-\end{frame}
-
-\begin{frame}
-	\frametitle{Our objective at Deuxfleurs}
-	
-	\begin{center}
-		\textbf{Promote self-hosting and small-scale hosting\\
-			as an alternative to large cloud providers}
-	\end{center}
-	\vspace{2em}
-	\visible<2->{
-		Why is it hard?
-		\vspace{2em}
-		\begin{center}
-			\textbf{\underline{Resilience}}\\
-			{\footnotesize we want good uptime/availability with low supervision}
-		\end{center}
-	}
-\end{frame}
-
-\begin{frame}
-	\frametitle{Our very low-tech infrastructure}
-
-	\only<1,3-6>{
-		\begin{itemize}
-			\item \textcolor<4->{gray}{Commodity hardware (e.g. old desktop PCs)\\
-				\vspace{.5em}
-				\visible<3->{{\footnotesize (can die at any time)}}}
-				\vspace{1.5em}
-			\item<4-> \textcolor<6->{gray}{Regular Internet (e.g. FTTB, FTTH) and power grid connections\\
-				\vspace{.5em}
-				\visible<5->{{\footnotesize (can be unavailable randomly)}}}
-				\vspace{1.5em}
-			\item<6-> \textbf{Geographical redundancy} (multi-site replication)
-		\end{itemize}
-	}
-	\only<2>{
-		\begin{center}
-			\includegraphics[width=.8\linewidth]{../assets/neptune.jpg}
-		\end{center}
-	}
-	\only<7>{
-		\begin{center}
-			\includegraphics[width=.8\linewidth]{../assets/inframap_jdll2023.pdf}
-		\end{center}
-	}
-\end{frame}
-
-\begin{frame}
-	\frametitle{How to make this happen}
-	\begin{center}
-		\only<1>{\includegraphics[width=.8\linewidth]{../assets/intro/slide1.png}}%
-		\only<2>{\includegraphics[width=.8\linewidth]{../assets/intro/slide2.png}}%
-		\only<3>{\includegraphics[width=.8\linewidth]{../assets/intro/slide3.png}}%
-	\end{center}
-\end{frame}
-
-\begin{frame}
-	\frametitle{Distributed file systems are slow}
-	File systems are complex, for example:
-	\vspace{1em}
-	\begin{itemize}
-		\item Concurrent modification by several processes
-			\vspace{1em}
-		\item Folder hierarchies
-			\vspace{1em}
-		\item Other requirements of the POSIX spec (e.g.~locks)
-	\end{itemize}
-	\vspace{1em}
-	Coordination in a distributed system is costly
-
-	\vspace{1em}
-	Costs explode with commodity hardware / Internet connections\\
-	{\small (we experienced this!)}
-\end{frame}
-
-\begin{frame}
-	\frametitle{A simpler solution: object storage}
-	Only two operations:
-	\vspace{1em}
-	\begin{itemize}
-		\item Put an object at a key
-			\vspace{1em}
-		\item Retrieve an object from its key
-	\end{itemize}
-	\vspace{1em}
-	{\footnotesize (and a few others)}
-
-	\vspace{1em}
-	Sufficient for many applications!
-\end{frame}
-
-\begin{frame}
-	\frametitle{A simpler solution: object storage}
-		\begin{center}
-			\includegraphics[height=6em]{../assets/logos/Amazon-S3.jpg}
-			\hspace{3em}
-			\visible<2->{\includegraphics[height=5em]{../assets/logos/minio.png}}
-			\hspace{3em}
-			\visible<3>{\includegraphics[height=6em]{../../logo/garage_hires_crop.png}}
-		\end{center}
-		\vspace{1em}
-	S3: a de-facto standard, many compatible applications
-
-	\vspace{1em}
-	\visible<2->{MinIO is self-hostable but not suited for geo-distributed deployments}
-
-	\vspace{1em}
-	\visible<3->{\textbf{Garage is a self-hosted drop-in replacement for the Amazon S3 object store}}
-\end{frame}
-
-% --------- BASED ON CRDTS ----------
-
-\section{Principle 1: based on CRDTs}
-
-\begin{frame}
-	\frametitle{CRDTs / weak consistency instead of consensus}
-
-	\underline{Internally, Garage uses only CRDTs} (conflict-free replicated data types)
-
-	\vspace{2em}
-	Why not Raft, Paxos, ...? Issues of consensus algorithms:
-
-	\vspace{1em}
-	\begin{itemize}
-		\item<2-> \textbf{Software complexity}
-			\vspace{1em}
-		\item<3-> \textbf{Performance issues:}
-			\vspace{.5em}
-			\begin{itemize}
-				\item<4-> The leader is a \textbf{bottleneck} for all requests\\
-					\vspace{.5em}
-				\item<5-> \textbf{Sensitive to higher latency} between nodes
-					\vspace{.5em}
-				\item<6-> \textbf{Takes time to reconverge} when disrupted (e.g. node going down)
-			\end{itemize}
-	\end{itemize}
-\end{frame}
-
-\begin{frame}
-	\frametitle{The data model of object storage}
-	Object storage is basically a \textbf{key-value store}:
-	\vspace{.5em}
-
-	{\scriptsize
-		\begin{center}
-		\begin{tabular}{|l|p{7cm}|}
-			\hline
-			\textbf{Key: file path + name} & \textbf{Value: file data + metadata} \\
-			\hline
-			\hline
-			\texttt{index.html} &
-				\texttt{Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8} \newline
-				\texttt{Content-Length: 24929} \newline
-				\texttt{<binary blob>} \\ 
-			\hline
-			\texttt{img/logo.svg} &
-				\texttt{Content-Type: text/svg+xml} \newline
-				\texttt{Content-Length: 13429} \newline
-				\texttt{<binary blob>} \\ 
-			\hline
-			\texttt{download/index.html} &
-				\texttt{Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8} \newline
-				\texttt{Content-Length: 26563} \newline
-				\texttt{<binary blob>} \\ 
-			\hline
-		\end{tabular}
-		\end{center}
-		}
-
-	\vspace{.5em}
-	\begin{itemize}
-		\item<2-> Maps well to CRDT data types
-		\item<3> Read-after-write consistency with quorums
-	\end{itemize}
-\end{frame}
-
-
-\begin{frame}
-	\frametitle{Performance gains in practice}
-	\begin{center}
-		\includegraphics[width=.8\linewidth]{../assets/perf/endpoint_latency_0.7_0.8_minio.png}
-	\end{center}
-\end{frame}
-
-% --------- GEO-DISTRIBUTED MODEL ----------
-
-\section{Principle 2: geo-distributed data model}
-
-\begin{frame}
-	\frametitle{Key-value stores, upgraded: the Dynamo model}
-	\textbf{Two keys:}
-	\begin{itemize}
-		\item Partition key: used to divide data into partitions {\small (a.k.a.~shards)}
-		\item Sort key: used to identify items inside a partition
-	\end{itemize}
-
-	\vspace{1em}
-
-	\begin{center}
-	\begin{tabular}{|l|l|p{3cm}|}
-		\hline
-		\textbf{Partition key: bucket} & \textbf{Sort key: filename} & \textbf{Value} \\
-		\hline
-		\hline
-		\texttt{website} & \texttt{index.html} & (file data) \\
-		\hline
-		\texttt{website} & \texttt{img/logo.svg} & (file data) \\
-		\hline
-		\texttt{website} & \texttt{download/index.html} & (file data) \\
-		\hline
-		\hline
-		\texttt{backup} & \texttt{borg/index.2822} & (file data) \\
-		\hline
-		\texttt{backup} & \texttt{borg/data/2/2329} & (file data) \\
-		\hline
-		\texttt{backup} & \texttt{borg/data/2/2680} & (file data) \\
-		\hline
-		\hline
-		\texttt{private} & \texttt{qq3a2nbe1qjq0ebbvo6ocsp6co} & (file data) \\
-		\hline
-	\end{tabular}
-	\end{center}
-\end{frame}
-
-
-\begin{frame}
-	\frametitle{Layout computation}
-	\begin{overprint}
-		\onslide<1>
-		\begin{center}
-			\includegraphics[width=\linewidth, trim=0 0 0 -4cm]{../assets/screenshots/garage_status_0.9_prod_zonehl.png}
-		\end{center}
-		\onslide<2>
-		\begin{center}
-			\includegraphics[width=.7\linewidth]{../assets/map.png}
-		\end{center}
-	\end{overprint}
-	\vspace{1em}
-	Garage stores replicas on different zones when possible
-\end{frame}
-
-\begin{frame}
-	\frametitle{What a "layout" is}
-		\textbf{A layout is a precomputed index table:}
-		\vspace{1em}
-
-		{\footnotesize
-			\begin{center}
-			\begin{tabular}{|l|l|l|l|}
-				\hline
-				\textbf{Partition} & \textbf{Node 1} & \textbf{Node 2} & \textbf{Node 3} \\
-				\hline
-				\hline
-				Partition 0 & df-ymk (bespin) & Abricot (scorpio) & Courgette (neptune) \\
-				\hline
-				Partition 1 & Ananas (scorpio) & Courgette (neptune) & df-ykl (bespin) \\
-				\hline
-				Partition 2 & df-ymf (bespin) & Celeri (neptune) & Abricot (scorpio) \\
-				\hline
-				\hspace{1em}$\vdots$ & \hspace{1em}$\vdots$ & \hspace{1em}$\vdots$ & \hspace{1em}$\vdots$ \\
-				\hline
-				Partition 255 & Concombre (neptune) & df-ykl (bespin) & Abricot (scorpio) \\
-				\hline
-			\end{tabular}
-			\end{center}
-		}
-
-	\vspace{2em}
-	\visible<2->{
-		The index table is built centrally using an optimal algorithm,\\
-		then propagated to all nodes
-	}
-
-	\vspace{1em}
-	\visible<3->{
-		\footnotesize
-		Oulamara, M., \& Auvolat, A. (2023). \emph{An algorithm for geo-distributed and redundant storage in Garage}.\\ arXiv preprint arXiv:2302.13798.
-	}
-\end{frame}
-
-
-\begin{frame}
-	\frametitle{The relationship between \emph{partition} and \emph{partition key}}
-	\begin{center}
-	\begin{tabular}{|l|l|l|l|}
-		\hline
-		\textbf{Partition key} & \textbf{Partition} & \textbf{Sort key} & \textbf{Value} \\
-		\hline
-		\hline
-		\texttt{website} & Partition 12 & \texttt{index.html} & (file data) \\
-		\hline
-		\texttt{website} & Partition 12 & \texttt{img/logo.svg} & (file data) \\
-		\hline
-		\texttt{website} & Partition 12 &\texttt{download/index.html} & (file data) \\
-		\hline
-		\hline
-		\texttt{backup} & Partition 42 & \texttt{borg/index.2822} & (file data) \\
-		\hline
-		\texttt{backup} & Partition 42 & \texttt{borg/data/2/2329} & (file data) \\
-		\hline
-		\texttt{backup} & Partition 42 & \texttt{borg/data/2/2680} & (file data) \\
-		\hline
-		\hline
-		\texttt{private} & Partition 42 & \texttt{qq3a2nbe1qjq0ebbvo6ocsp6co} & (file data) \\
-		\hline
-	\end{tabular}
-	\end{center}
-	\vspace{1em}
-	\textbf{To read or write an item:} hash partition key
-	\\ \hspace{5cm} $\to$ determine partition number (first 8 bits)
-	\\ \hspace{5cm} $\to$ find associated nodes
-\end{frame}
-
-\begin{frame}
-	\frametitle{Garage's internal data structures}
-	\centering
-	\includegraphics[width=.75\columnwidth]{../assets/garage_tables.pdf}
-\end{frame}
-
-% ---------- OPERATING GARAGE ---------
-
-\section{Operating Garage clusters}
-
-\begin{frame}
-	\frametitle{Operating Garage}
-	\begin{center}
-		\only<1-2>{
-			\includegraphics[width=.9\linewidth]{../assets/screenshots/garage_status_0.10.png}
-			\\\vspace{1em}
-			\visible<2>{\includegraphics[width=.9\linewidth]{../assets/screenshots/garage_status_unhealthy_0.10.png}}
-		}
-	\end{center}
-\end{frame}
-
-\begin{frame}
-	\frametitle{Background synchronization}
-	\begin{center}
-		\includegraphics[width=.6\linewidth]{../assets/garage_sync.drawio.pdf}
-	\end{center}
-\end{frame}
-
-\begin{frame}
-	\frametitle{Digging deeper}
-	\begin{center}
-		\only<1>{\includegraphics[width=.9\linewidth]{../assets/screenshots/garage_stats_0.10.png}}
-		\only<2>{\includegraphics[width=.5\linewidth]{../assets/screenshots/garage_worker_list_0.10.png}}
-		\only<3>{\includegraphics[width=.6\linewidth]{../assets/screenshots/garage_worker_param_0.10.png}}
-	\end{center}
-\end{frame}
-
-\begin{frame}
-	\frametitle{Monitoring with Prometheus + Grafana}
-	\begin{center}
-		\includegraphics[width=.9\linewidth]{../assets/screenshots/grafana_dashboard.png}
-	\end{center}
-\end{frame}
-
-\begin{frame}
-	\frametitle{Debugging with traces}
-	\begin{center}
-		\includegraphics[width=.8\linewidth]{../assets/screenshots/jaeger_listobjects.png}
-	\end{center}
-\end{frame}
-
-% ---------- SCALING GARAGE ---------
-
-\section{Scaling Garage clusters}
-
-\begin{frame}
-	\frametitle{Potential limitations and bottlenecks}
-	\begin{itemize}
-		\item Global:
-			\begin{itemize}
-				\item Max. $\sim$100 nodes per cluster (excluding gateways)
-			\end{itemize}
-			\vspace{1em}
-		\item Metadata:
-			\begin{itemize}
-				\item One big bucket = bottleneck, object list on 3 nodes only
-			\end{itemize}
-			\vspace{1em}
-		\item Block manager:
-			\begin{itemize}
-				\item Lots of small files on disk
-				\item Processing the resync queue can be slow
-			\end{itemize}
-	\end{itemize}
-\end{frame}
-
-\begin{frame}
-	\frametitle{Deployment advice for very large clusters}
-	\begin{itemize}
-		\item Metadata storage:
-			\begin{itemize}
-				\item ZFS mirror (x2) on fast NVMe
-				\item Use LMDB storage engine
-			\end{itemize}
-			\vspace{.5em}
-		\item Data block storage:
-			\begin{itemize}
-				\item Use Garage's native multi-HDD support
-				\item XFS on individual drives
-				\item Increase block size (1MB $\to$ 10MB, requires more RAM and good networking)
-				\item Tune \texttt{resync-tranquility} and \texttt{resync-worker-count} dynamically
-			\end{itemize}
-			\vspace{.5em}
-		\item Other :
-			\begin{itemize}
-				\item Split data over several buckets
-				\item Use less than 100 storage nodes
-				\item Use gateway nodes
-			\end{itemize}
-			\vspace{.5em}
-	\end{itemize}
-	Our deployments: $< 10$ TB. Some people have done more!
-\end{frame}
-
-
-% ======================================== END
-% ======================================== END
-% ======================================== END
-
-\begin{frame}
-	\frametitle{Where to find us}
-	\begin{center}
-			\includegraphics[width=.25\linewidth]{../../logo/garage_hires.png}\\
-			\vspace{-1em}
-		\url{https://garagehq.deuxfleurs.fr/}\\
-		\url{mailto:garagehq@deuxfleurs.fr}\\
-		\texttt{\#garage:deuxfleurs.fr} on Matrix
-
-		\vspace{1.5em}
-			\includegraphics[width=.06\linewidth]{../assets/logos/rust_logo.png}
-			\includegraphics[width=.13\linewidth]{../assets/logos/AGPLv3_Logo.png}
-	\end{center}
-\end{frame}
-
-\end{document}
-
-%% vim: set ts=4 sw=4 tw=0 noet spelllang=en :
--- a/doc/talks/assets/garage2a.drawio.pdf
+++ b/doc/talks/assets/garage2a.drawio.pdf
--- a/doc/talks/assets/garage2b.drawio.pdf
+++ b/doc/talks/assets/garage2b.drawio.pdf
--- a/doc/talks/assets/garage_tables.pdf
+++ b/doc/talks/assets/garage_tables.pdf
--- a/doc/talks/assets/intro/slide1.png
+++ b/doc/talks/assets/intro/slide1.png
--- a/doc/talks/assets/intro/slide2.png
+++ b/doc/talks/assets/intro/slide2.png
--- a/doc/talks/assets/intro/slide3.png
+++ b/doc/talks/assets/intro/slide3.png
--- a/doc/talks/assets/intro/slideB1.png
+++ b/doc/talks/assets/intro/slideB1.png
--- a/doc/talks/assets/intro/slideB2.png
+++ b/doc/talks/assets/intro/slideB2.png
--- a/doc/talks/assets/intro/slideB3.png
+++ b/doc/talks/assets/intro/slideB3.png
--- a/doc/talks/assets/intro/slides.svg
+++ b/doc/talks/assets/intro/slides.svg
--- a/doc/talks/assets/intro/slidesB.svg
+++ b/doc/talks/assets/intro/slidesB.svg
--- a/doc/talks/assets/screenshots/grafana_dashboard.png
+++ b/doc/talks/assets/screenshots/grafana_dashboard.png
--- a/doc/talks/assets/survey_requested_features.png
+++ b/doc/talks/assets/survey_requested_features.png
--- a/flake.lock
+++ b/flake.lock
@ -12,27 +12,27 @@
        "rust-overlay": "rust-overlay"
      },
      "locked": {
-        "lastModified": 1705129117,
-        "narHash": "sha256-LgdDHibvimzYhxBK3kxCk2gAL7k4Hyigl5KI0X9cijA=",
-        "owner": "cargo2nix",
+        "lastModified": 1666087781,
+        "narHash": "sha256-trKVdjMZ8mNkGfLcY5LsJJGtdV3xJDZnMVrkFjErlcs=",
+        "owner": "Alexis211",
        "repo": "cargo2nix",
-        "rev": "ae19a9e1f8f0880c088ea155ab66cee1fa001f59",
+        "rev": "a7a61179b66054904ef6a195d8da736eaaa06c36",
        "type": "github"
      },
      "original": {
-        "owner": "cargo2nix",
+        "owner": "Alexis211",
        "repo": "cargo2nix",
-        "rev": "ae19a9e1f8f0880c088ea155ab66cee1fa001f59",
+        "rev": "a7a61179b66054904ef6a195d8da736eaaa06c36",
        "type": "github"
      }
    },
    "flake-compat": {
      "locked": {
-        "lastModified": 1717312683,
-        "narHash": "sha256-FrlieJH50AuvagamEvWMIE6D2OAnERuDboFDYAED/dE=",
+        "lastModified": 1688025799,
+        "narHash": "sha256-ktpB4dRtnksm9F5WawoIkEneh1nrEvuxb5lJFt1iOyw=",
        "owner": "nix-community",
        "repo": "flake-compat",
-        "rev": "38fd3954cf65ce6faf3d0d45cd26059e059f07ea",
+        "rev": "8bf105319d44f6b9f0d764efa4fdef9f1cc9ba1c",
        "type": "github"
      },
      "original": {
@ -42,12 +42,33 @@
      }
    },
    "flake-utils": {
+      "inputs": {
+        "systems": "systems"
+      },
      "locked": {
-        "lastModified": 1659877975,
-        "narHash": "sha256-zllb8aq3YO3h8B/U0/J1WBgAL8EX5yWf5pMj3G0NAmc=",
+        "lastModified": 1681202837,
+        "narHash": "sha256-H+Rh19JDwRtpVPAWp64F+rlEtxUWBAQW28eAi3SRSzg=",
        "owner": "numtide",
        "repo": "flake-utils",
-        "rev": "c0e246b9b83f637f4681389ecabcb2681b4f3af0",
+        "rev": "cfacdce06f30d2b68473a46042957675eebb3401",
+        "type": "github"
+      },
+      "original": {
+        "owner": "numtide",
+        "repo": "flake-utils",
+        "type": "github"
+      }
+    },
+    "flake-utils_2": {
+      "inputs": {
+        "systems": "systems_2"
+      },
+      "locked": {
+        "lastModified": 1681202837,
+        "narHash": "sha256-H+Rh19JDwRtpVPAWp64F+rlEtxUWBAQW28eAi3SRSzg=",
+        "owner": "numtide",
+        "repo": "flake-utils",
+        "rev": "cfacdce06f30d2b68473a46042957675eebb3401",
        "type": "github"
      },
      "original": {
@ -58,17 +79,33 @@
    },
    "nixpkgs": {
      "locked": {
-        "lastModified": 1736692550,
-        "narHash": "sha256-7tk8xH+g0sJkKLTJFOxphJxxOjMDFMWv24nXslaU2ro=",
+        "lastModified": 1682109806,
+        "narHash": "sha256-d9g7RKNShMLboTWwukM+RObDWWpHKaqTYXB48clBWXI=",
        "owner": "NixOS",
        "repo": "nixpkgs",
-        "rev": "7c4869c47090dd7f9f1bdfb49a22aea026996815",
+        "rev": "2362848adf8def2866fabbffc50462e929d7fffb",
+        "type": "github"
+      },
+      "original": {
+        "owner": "NixOS",
+        "ref": "nixpkgs-unstable",
+        "repo": "nixpkgs",
+        "type": "github"
+      }
+    },
+    "nixpkgs_2": {
+      "locked": {
+        "lastModified": 1682423271,
+        "narHash": "sha256-WHhl1GiOij1ob4cTLL+yhqr+vFOUH8E5wAX8Ir8fvjE=",
+        "owner": "NixOS",
+        "repo": "nixpkgs",
+        "rev": "94517a501434a627c5d9e72ac6e7f26174b978d3",
        "type": "github"
      },
      "original": {
        "owner": "NixOS",
        "repo": "nixpkgs",
-        "rev": "7c4869c47090dd7f9f1bdfb49a22aea026996815",
+        "rev": "94517a501434a627c5d9e72ac6e7f26174b978d3",
        "type": "github"
      }
    },
@ -80,28 +117,55 @@
          "cargo2nix",
          "flake-utils"
        ],
-        "nixpkgs": "nixpkgs"
+        "nixpkgs": "nixpkgs_2"
      }
    },
    "rust-overlay": {
      "inputs": {
-        "nixpkgs": [
-          "cargo2nix",
-          "nixpkgs"
-        ]
+        "flake-utils": "flake-utils_2",
+        "nixpkgs": "nixpkgs"
      },
      "locked": {
-        "lastModified": 1736649126,
-        "narHash": "sha256-XCw5sv/ePsroqiF3lJM6Y2X9EhPdHeE47gr3Q8b0UQw=",
+        "lastModified": 1682389182,
+        "narHash": "sha256-8t2nmFnH+8V48+IJsf8AK51ebXNlVbOSVYOpiqJKvJE=",
        "owner": "oxalica",
        "repo": "rust-overlay",
-        "rev": "162ab0edc2936508470199b2e8e6c444a2535019",
+        "rev": "74f1a64dd28faeeb85ef081f32cad2989850322c",
        "type": "github"
      },
      "original": {
        "owner": "oxalica",
        "repo": "rust-overlay",
-        "rev": "162ab0edc2936508470199b2e8e6c444a2535019",
+        "type": "github"
+      }
+    },
+    "systems": {
+      "locked": {
+        "lastModified": 1681028828,
+        "narHash": "sha256-Vy1rq5AaRuLzOxct8nz4T6wlgyUR7zLU309k9mBC768=",
+        "owner": "nix-systems",
+        "repo": "default",
+        "rev": "da67096a3b9bf56a91d16901293e51ba5b49a27e",
+        "type": "github"
+      },
+      "original": {
+        "owner": "nix-systems",
+        "repo": "default",
+        "type": "github"
+      }
+    },
+    "systems_2": {
+      "locked": {
+        "lastModified": 1681028828,
+        "narHash": "sha256-Vy1rq5AaRuLzOxct8nz4T6wlgyUR7zLU309k9mBC768=",
+        "owner": "nix-systems",
+        "repo": "default",
+        "rev": "da67096a3b9bf56a91d16901293e51ba5b49a27e",
+        "type": "github"
+      },
+      "original": {
+        "owner": "nix-systems",
+        "repo": "default",
        "type": "github"
      }
    }
--- a/flake.nix
+++ b/flake.nix
@ -2,27 +2,24 @@
  description =
    "Garage, an S3-compatible distributed object store for self-hosted deployments";

-  # Nixpkgs 24.11 as of 2025-01-12 has rustc v1.82
+  # Nixpkgs unstable as of 2023-04-25, has rustc v1.68
  inputs.nixpkgs.url =
-    "github:NixOS/nixpkgs/7c4869c47090dd7f9f1bdfb49a22aea026996815";
+    "github:NixOS/nixpkgs/94517a501434a627c5d9e72ac6e7f26174b978d3";

  inputs.flake-compat.url = "github:nix-community/flake-compat";

  inputs.cargo2nix = {
    # As of 2022-10-18: two small patches over unstable branch, one for clippy and one to fix feature detection
-    #url = "github:Alexis211/cargo2nix/a7a61179b66054904ef6a195d8da736eaaa06c36";
+    url = "github:Alexis211/cargo2nix/a7a61179b66054904ef6a195d8da736eaaa06c36";

    # As of 2023-04-25:
    # - my two patches were merged into unstable (one for clippy and one to "fix" feature detection)
    # - rustc v1.66
    # url = "github:cargo2nix/cargo2nix/8fb57a670f7993bfc24099c33eb9c5abb51f29a2";

-    # Mainline cargo2nix as of of 2025-01-12 (branch release-0.11.0)
-    url = "github:cargo2nix/cargo2nix/ae19a9e1f8f0880c088ea155ab66cee1fa001f59";
-
-    # Rust overlay as of 2025-01-12
+    # Rust overlay as of 2023-04-25
    inputs.rust-overlay.url =
-      "github:oxalica/rust-overlay/162ab0edc2936508470199b2e8e6c444a2535019";
+      "github:oxalica/rust-overlay/74f1a64dd28faeeb85ef081f32cad2989850322c";

    inputs.nixpkgs.follows = "nixpkgs";
    inputs.flake-compat.follows = "flake-compat";
@ -36,58 +33,25 @@
      compile = import ./nix/compile.nix;
    in
    flake-utils.lib.eachDefaultSystem (system:
-      let
-        pkgs = nixpkgs.legacyPackages.${system};
-      in
-      {
-        packages =
-          let
-            packageFor = target: (compile {
-              inherit system git_version target;
-              pkgsSrc = nixpkgs;
-              cargo2nixOverlay = cargo2nix.overlays.default;
-              release = true;
-            }).workspace.garage { compileMode = "build"; };
-          in
-          {
-            # default = native release build
-            default = packageFor null;
-            # other = cross-compiled, statically-linked builds
-            amd64 = packageFor "x86_64-unknown-linux-musl";
-            i386 = packageFor "i686-unknown-linux-musl";
-            arm64 = packageFor "aarch64-unknown-linux-musl";
-            arm = packageFor "armv6l-unknown-linux-musl";
-          };
-
-        # ---- developpment shell, for making native builds only ----
-        devShells =
-          let
-            shellWithPackages = (packages: (compile {
-              inherit system git_version;
-              pkgsSrc = nixpkgs;
-              cargo2nixOverlay = cargo2nix.overlays.default;
-            }).workspaceShell { inherit packages; });
-          in
-          {
-            default = shellWithPackages
-              (with pkgs; [
-                rustfmt
-                clang
-                mold
-              ]);
-
-            # import the full shell using `nix develop .#full`
-            full = shellWithPackages (with pkgs; [
-              rustfmt
-              rust-analyzer
-              clang
-              mold
-              # ---- extra packages for dev tasks ----
-              cargo-audit
-              cargo-outdated
-              cargo-machete
-              nixpkgs-fmt
-            ]);
-          };
+      let pkgs = nixpkgs.legacyPackages.${system};
+      in {
+        packages = {
+          default = (compile {
+            inherit system git_version;
+            pkgsSrc = nixpkgs;
+            cargo2nixOverlay = cargo2nix.overlays.default;
+            release = true;
+          }).workspace.garage { compileMode = "build"; };
+        };
+        devShell = (compile {
+          inherit system git_version;
+          pkgsSrc = nixpkgs;
+          cargo2nixOverlay = cargo2nix.overlays.default;
+          release = false;
+        }).workspaceShell { packages = with pkgs; [
+          rustfmt
+          clang
+          mold
+        ]; };
      });
 }
--- a/k2v_test.py
+++ b/k2v_test.py
@ -0,0 +1,158 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python
+
+import os
+import requests
+from datetime import datetime
+
+# let's talk to our AWS Elasticsearch cluster
+#from requests_aws4auth import AWS4Auth
+#auth = AWS4Auth('GK31c2f218a2e44f485b94239e',
+#                       'b892c0665f0ada8a4755dae98baa3b133590e11dae3bcc1f9d769d67f16c3835',
+#                       'us-east-1',
+#                       's3')
+
+from aws_requests_auth.aws_auth import AWSRequestsAuth
+auth = AWSRequestsAuth(aws_access_key='GK31c2f218a2e44f485b94239e',
+        aws_secret_access_key='b892c0665f0ada8a4755dae98baa3b133590e11dae3bcc1f9d769d67f16c3835',
+        aws_host='localhost:3812',
+        aws_region='us-east-1',
+        aws_service='k2v')
+
+
+print("-- ReadIndex")
+response = requests.get('http://localhost:3812/alex',
+                        auth=auth)
+print(response.headers)
+print(response.text)
+
+
+sort_keys = ["a", "b", "c", "d"]
+
+for sk in sort_keys:
+    print("-- (%s) Put initial (no CT)"%sk)
+    response = requests.put('http://localhost:3812/alex/root?sort_key=%s'%sk,
+                            auth=auth,
+                            data='{}: Hello, world!'.format(datetime.timestamp(datetime.now())))
+    print(response.headers)
+    print(response.text)
+
+    print("-- Get")
+    response = requests.get('http://localhost:3812/alex/root?sort_key=%s'%sk,
+                            auth=auth)
+    print(response.headers)
+    print(response.text)
+    ct = response.headers["x-garage-causality-token"]
+
+    print("-- ReadIndex")
+    response = requests.get('http://localhost:3812/alex',
+                            auth=auth)
+    print(response.headers)
+    print(response.text)
+
+    print("-- Put with CT")
+    response = requests.put('http://localhost:3812/alex/root?sort_key=%s'%sk,
+                            auth=auth,
+                            headers={'x-garage-causality-token': ct},
+                            data='{}: Good bye, world!'.format(datetime.timestamp(datetime.now())))
+    print(response.headers)
+    print(response.text)
+
+    print("-- Get")
+    response = requests.get('http://localhost:3812/alex/root?sort_key=%s'%sk,
+                            auth=auth)
+    print(response.headers)
+    print(response.text)
+
+    print("-- Put again with same CT (concurrent)")
+    response = requests.put('http://localhost:3812/alex/root?sort_key=%s'%sk,
+                            auth=auth,
+                            headers={'x-garage-causality-token': ct},
+                            data='{}: Concurrent value, oops'.format(datetime.timestamp(datetime.now())))
+    print(response.headers)
+    print(response.text)
+
+for sk in sort_keys:
+    print("-- (%s) Get"%sk)
+    response = requests.get('http://localhost:3812/alex/root?sort_key=%s'%sk,
+                            auth=auth)
+    print(response.headers)
+    print(response.text)
+    ct = response.headers["x-garage-causality-token"]
+
+    print("-- Delete")
+    response = requests.delete('http://localhost:3812/alex/root?sort_key=%s'%sk,
+                            headers={'x-garage-causality-token': ct},
+                            auth=auth)
+    print(response.headers)
+    print(response.text)
+
+print("-- ReadIndex")
+response = requests.get('http://localhost:3812/alex',
+                        auth=auth)
+print(response.headers)
+print(response.text)
+
+print("-- InsertBatch")
+response = requests.post('http://localhost:3812/alex',
+                        auth=auth,
+                        data='''
+[
+    {"pk": "root", "sk": "a", "ct": null, "v": "aW5pdGlhbCB0ZXN0Cg=="},
+    {"pk": "root", "sk": "b", "ct": null, "v": "aW5pdGlhbCB0ZXN1Cg=="},
+    {"pk": "root", "sk": "c", "ct": null, "v": "aW5pdGlhbCB0ZXN2Cg=="}
+]
+''')
+print(response.headers)
+print(response.text)
+
+print("-- ReadIndex")
+response = requests.get('http://localhost:3812/alex',
+                        auth=auth)
+print(response.headers)
+print(response.text)
+
+for sk in sort_keys:
+    print("-- (%s) Get"%sk)
+    response = requests.get('http://localhost:3812/alex/root?sort_key=%s'%sk,
+                            auth=auth)
+    print(response.headers)
+    print(response.text)
+    ct = response.headers["x-garage-causality-token"]
+
+print("-- ReadBatch")
+response = requests.post('http://localhost:3812/alex?search',
+                        auth=auth,
+                        data='''
+[
+    {"partitionKey": "root"},
+    {"partitionKey": "root", "tombstones": true},
+    {"partitionKey": "root", "tombstones": true, "limit": 2},
+    {"partitionKey": "root", "start": "c", "singleItem": true},
+    {"partitionKey": "root", "start": "b", "end": "d", "tombstones": true}
+]
+''')
+print(response.headers)
+print(response.text)
+
+
+print("-- DeleteBatch")
+response = requests.post('http://localhost:3812/alex?delete',
+                        auth=auth,
+                        data='''
+[
+    {"partitionKey": "root", "start": "b", "end": "c"}
+]
+''')
+print(response.headers)
+print(response.text)
+
+print("-- ReadBatch")
+response = requests.post('http://localhost:3812/alex?search',
+                        auth=auth,
+                        data='''
+[
+    {"partitionKey": "root"}
+]
+''')
+print(response.headers)
+print(response.text)
--- a/nix/common.nix
+++ b/nix/common.nix
@ -14,5 +14,4 @@ rec {
  pkgsSrc = flake.defaultNix.inputs.nixpkgs;
  cargo2nix = flake.defaultNix.inputs.cargo2nix;
  cargo2nixOverlay = cargo2nix.overlays.default;
-  devShells = builtins.getAttr builtins.currentSystem flake.defaultNix.devShells;
 }
--- a/nix/compile.nix
+++ b/nix/compile.nix
@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-{ system, target ? null, pkgsSrc, cargo2nixOverlay
+{ system, target ? null, pkgsSrc, cargo2nixOverlay, compiler ? "rustc"
 , release ? false, git_version ? null, features ? null, }:

 let
@ -19,11 +19,46 @@ let
      overlays = [ cargo2nixOverlay ];
    };

-  toolchainOptions = {
-    rustVersion = "1.78.0";
+  /* Cargo2nix is built for rustOverlay which installs Rust from Mozilla releases.
+     This is fine for 64-bit platforms, but for 32-bit platforms, we need our own Rust
+     to avoid incompatibilities with time_t between different versions of musl
+     (>= 1.2.0 shipped by NixOS, < 1.2.0 with which rustc was built), which lead to compilation breakage.
+     So we want a Rust release that is bound to our Nix repository to avoid these problems.
+     See here for more info: https://musl.libc.org/time64.html
+     Because Cargo2nix does not support the Rust environment shipped by NixOS,
+     we emulate the structure of the Rust object created by rustOverlay.
+     In practise, rustOverlay ships rustc+cargo in a single derivation while
+     NixOS ships them in separate ones. We reunite them with symlinkJoin.
+  */
+  toolchainOptions = if target == null || target == "x86_64-unknown-linux-musl"
+  || target == "aarch64-unknown-linux-musl" then {
+    rustVersion = "1.68.0";
    extraRustComponents = [ "clippy" ];
+  } else {
+    rustToolchain = pkgs.symlinkJoin {
+      name = "rust-static-toolchain-${target}";
+      paths = [
+        pkgs.rustPlatform.rust.cargo
+        pkgs.rustPlatform.rust.rustc
+        # clippy not needed, it only runs on amd64
+      ];
+    };
  };

+  buildEnv = (drv:
+    {
+      rustc = drv.setBuildEnv;
+      clippy = ''
+        ${drv.setBuildEnv or ""}
+        echo
+        echo --- BUILDING WITH CLIPPY ---
+        echo
+
+        export NIX_RUST_BUILD_FLAGS="''${NIX_RUST_BUILD_FLAGS} --deny warnings"
+        export RUSTC="''${CLIPPY_DRIVER}"
+      '';
+    }.${compiler});
+
  /* Cargo2nix provides many overrides by default, you can take inspiration from them:
     https://github.com/cargo2nix/cargo2nix/blob/master/overlay/overrides.nix

@ -32,7 +67,9 @@ let
  */
  packageOverrides = pkgs:
    pkgs.rustBuilder.overrides.all ++ [
-      /* [1] We need to alter Nix hardening to make static binaries: PIE,
+      /* [1] We add some logic to compile our crates with clippy, it provides us many additional lints
+
+         [2] We need to alter Nix hardening to make static binaries: PIE,
         Position Independent Executables seems to be supported only on amd64. Having
         this flag set either 1. make our executables crash or 2. compile as dynamic on some platforms.
         Here, we deactivate it. Later (find `codegenOpts`), we reactivate it for supported targets
@ -40,11 +77,11 @@ let
         PIE is a feature used by ASLR, which helps mitigate security issues.
         Learn more about Nix Hardening at: https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/blob/master/pkgs/build-support/cc-wrapper/add-hardening.sh

-         [2] We want to inject the git version while keeping the build deterministic.
+         [3] We want to inject the git version while keeping the build deterministic.
         As we do not want to consider the .git folder as part of the input source,
         we ask the user (the CI often) to pass the value to Nix.

-         [3] We don't want libsodium-sys and zstd-sys to try to use pkgconfig to build against a system library.
+         [4] We don't want libsodium-sys and zstd-sys to try to use pkgconfig to build against a system library.
         However the features to do so get activated for some reason (due to a bug in cargo2nix?),
         so disable them manually here.
      */
@ -52,7 +89,7 @@ let
        name = "garage";
        overrideAttrs = drv:
          (if git_version != null then {
-            # [2]
+            # [3]
            preConfigure = ''
              ${drv.preConfigure or ""}
              export GIT_VERSION="${git_version}"
@ -60,21 +97,86 @@ let
          } else
            { }) // {
              # [1]
+              setBuildEnv = (buildEnv drv);
+              # [2]
              hardeningDisable = [ "pie" ];
            };
      })

+      (pkgs.rustBuilder.rustLib.makeOverride {
+        name = "garage_rpc";
+        overrideAttrs = drv: { # [1]
+          setBuildEnv = (buildEnv drv);
+        };
+      })
+
+      (pkgs.rustBuilder.rustLib.makeOverride {
+        name = "garage_db";
+        overrideAttrs = drv: { # [1]
+          setBuildEnv = (buildEnv drv);
+        };
+      })
+
+      (pkgs.rustBuilder.rustLib.makeOverride {
+        name = "garage_util";
+        overrideAttrs = drv: { # [1]
+          setBuildEnv = (buildEnv drv);
+        };
+      })
+
+      (pkgs.rustBuilder.rustLib.makeOverride {
+        name = "garage_table";
+        overrideAttrs = drv: { # [1]
+          setBuildEnv = (buildEnv drv);
+        };
+      })
+
+      (pkgs.rustBuilder.rustLib.makeOverride {
+        name = "garage_block";
+        overrideAttrs = drv: { # [1]
+          setBuildEnv = (buildEnv drv);
+        };
+      })
+
+      (pkgs.rustBuilder.rustLib.makeOverride {
+        name = "garage_model";
+        overrideAttrs = drv: { # [1]
+          setBuildEnv = (buildEnv drv);
+        };
+      })
+
+      (pkgs.rustBuilder.rustLib.makeOverride {
+        name = "garage_api";
+        overrideAttrs = drv: { # [1]
+          setBuildEnv = (buildEnv drv);
+        };
+      })
+
+      (pkgs.rustBuilder.rustLib.makeOverride {
+        name = "garage_web";
+        overrideAttrs = drv: { # [1]
+          setBuildEnv = (buildEnv drv);
+        };
+      })
+
+      (pkgs.rustBuilder.rustLib.makeOverride {
+        name = "k2v-client";
+        overrideAttrs = drv: { # [1]
+          setBuildEnv = (buildEnv drv);
+        };
+      })
+
      (pkgs.rustBuilder.rustLib.makeOverride {
        name = "libsodium-sys";
        overrideArgs = old: {
-          features = [ ]; # [3]
+          features = [ ]; # [4]
        };
      })

      (pkgs.rustBuilder.rustLib.makeOverride {
        name = "zstd-sys";
        overrideArgs = old: {
-          features = [ ]; # [3]
+          features = [ ]; # [4]
        };
      })
    ];
@ -87,12 +189,13 @@ let
  rootFeatures = if features != null then
    features
  else
-    ([ "garage/bundled-libs" "garage/lmdb" "garage/sqlite" "garage/k2v" ] ++ (if release then [
+    ([ "garage/bundled-libs" "garage/sled" "garage/lmdb" "garage/k2v" ] ++ (if release then [
      "garage/consul-discovery"
      "garage/kubernetes-discovery"
      "garage/metrics"
      "garage/telemetry-otlp"
-      "garage/syslog"
+      "garage/lmdb"
+      "garage/sqlite"
    ] else
      [ ]));

@ -134,5 +237,4 @@ let
 in pkgs.rustBuilder.makePackageSet ({
  inherit release packageFun packageOverrides codegenOpts rootFeatures;
  target = rustTarget;
-  workspaceSrc = pkgs.lib.cleanSource ../.;
 } // toolchainOptions)
--- a/nix/kaniko.nix
+++ b/nix/kaniko.nix
@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+pkgs:
+pkgs.buildGoModule rec {
+  pname = "kaniko";
+  version = "1.9.2";
+
+  src = pkgs.fetchFromGitHub {
+    owner = "GoogleContainerTools";
+    repo = "kaniko";
+    rev = "v${version}";
+    sha256 = "dXQ0/o1qISv+sjNVIpfF85bkbM9sGOGwqVbWZpMWfMY=";
+  };
+
+  vendorSha256 = null;
+
+  checkPhase = "true";
+
+  meta = with pkgs.lib; {
+    description =
+      "kaniko is a tool to build container images from a Dockerfile, inside a container or Kubernetes cluster.";
+    homepage = "https://github.com/GoogleContainerTools/kaniko";
+    license = licenses.asl20;
+    platforms = platforms.linux;
+  };
+}
--- a/nix/manifest-tool.nix
+++ b/nix/manifest-tool.nix
@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+pkgs:
+pkgs.buildGoModule rec {
+  pname = "manifest-tool";
+  version = "2.0.5";
+
+  src = pkgs.fetchFromGitHub {
+    owner = "estesp";
+    repo = "manifest-tool";
+    rev = "v${version}";
+    sha256 = "hjCGKnE0yrlnF/VIzOwcDzmQX3Wft+21KCny/opqdLg=";
+  } + "/v2";
+
+  vendorSha256 = null;
+
+  checkPhase = "true";
+
+  meta = with pkgs.lib; {
+    description =
+      "Command line tool to create and query container image manifest list/indexes";
+    homepage = "https://github.com/estesp/manifest-tool";
+    license = licenses.asl20;
+    platforms = platforms.linux;
+  };
+}
--- a/nix/toolchain.nix
+++ b/nix/toolchain.nix
@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+{ system ? builtins.currentSystem, }:
+
+with import ./common.nix;
+
+let
+  platforms = [
+    #"x86_64-unknown-linux-musl"
+    "i686-unknown-linux-musl"
+    #"aarch64-unknown-linux-musl"
+    "armv6l-unknown-linux-musleabihf"
+  ];
+  pkgsList = builtins.map (target:
+    import pkgsSrc {
+      inherit system;
+      crossSystem = {
+        config = target;
+        isStatic = true;
+      };
+      overlays = [ cargo2nixOverlay ];
+    }) platforms;
+  pkgsHost = import pkgsSrc { };
+  lib = pkgsHost.lib;
+  kaniko = (import ./kaniko.nix) pkgsHost;
+  winscp = (import ./winscp.nix) pkgsHost;
+  manifestTool = (import ./manifest-tool.nix) pkgsHost;
+in lib.flatten (builtins.map (pkgs: [
+  pkgs.rustPlatform.rust.rustc
+  pkgs.rustPlatform.rust.cargo
+  pkgs.buildPackages.stdenv.cc
+]) pkgsList) ++ [ kaniko winscp manifestTool ]
+
--- a/script/helm/garage/Chart.yaml
+++ b/script/helm/garage/Chart.yaml
@ -15,10 +15,10 @@ type: application
 # This is the chart version. This version number should be incremented each time you make changes
 # to the chart and its templates, including the app version.
 # Versions are expected to follow Semantic Versioning (https://semver.org/)
-version: 0.6.0
+version: 0.4.1

 # This is the version number of the application being deployed. This version number should be
 # incremented each time you make changes to the application. Versions are not expected to
 # follow Semantic Versioning. They should reflect the version the application is using.
 # It is recommended to use it with quotes.
-appVersion: "v1.0.1"
+appVersion: "v0.9.1"
--- a/script/helm/garage/README.md
+++ b/script/helm/garage/README.md
@ -1,86 +0,0 @@
-# garage
-
-![Version: 0.6.0](https://img.shields.io/badge/Version-0.6.0-informational?style=flat-square) ![Type: application](https://img.shields.io/badge/Type-application-informational?style=flat-square) ![AppVersion: v1.0.1](https://img.shields.io/badge/AppVersion-v1.0.1-informational?style=flat-square)
-
-S3-compatible object store for small self-hosted geo-distributed deployments
-
-## Values
-
-| Key | Type | Default | Description |
-|-----|------|---------|-------------|
-| affinity | object | `{}` |  |
-| deployment.kind | string | `"StatefulSet"` | Switchable to DaemonSet |
-| deployment.podManagementPolicy | string | `"OrderedReady"` | If using statefulset, allow Parallel or OrderedReady (default) |
-| deployment.replicaCount | int | `3` | Number of StatefulSet replicas/garage nodes to start |
-| environment | object | `{}` |  |
-| extraVolumeMounts | object | `{}` |  |
-| extraVolumes | object | `{}` |  |
-| fullnameOverride | string | `""` |  |
-| garage.blockSize | string | `"1048576"` | Defaults is 1MB An increase can result in better performance in certain scenarios https://garagehq.deuxfleurs.fr/documentation/reference-manual/configuration/#block-size |
-| garage.bootstrapPeers | list | `[]` | This is not required if you use the integrated kubernetes discovery |
-| garage.compressionLevel | string | `"1"` | zstd compression level of stored blocks https://garagehq.deuxfleurs.fr/documentation/reference-manual/configuration/#compression-level |
-| garage.dbEngine | string | `"lmdb"` | Can be changed for better performance on certain systems https://garagehq.deuxfleurs.fr/documentation/reference-manual/configuration/#db-engine-since-v0-8-0 |
-| garage.existingConfigMap | string | `""` | if not empty string, allow using an existing ConfigMap for the garage.toml, if set, ignores garage.toml |
-| garage.garageTomlString | string | `""` | String Template for the garage configuration if set, ignores above values. Values can be templated, see https://garagehq.deuxfleurs.fr/documentation/reference-manual/configuration/ |
-| garage.kubernetesSkipCrd | bool | `false` | Set to true if you want to use k8s discovery but install the CRDs manually outside of the helm chart, for example if you operate at namespace level without cluster ressources |
-| garage.replicationMode | string | `"3"` | Default to 3 replicas, see the replication_mode section at https://garagehq.deuxfleurs.fr/documentation/reference-manual/configuration/#replication-mode |
-| garage.rpcBindAddr | string | `"[::]:3901"` |  |
-| garage.rpcSecret | string | `""` | If not given, a random secret will be generated and stored in a Secret object |
-| garage.s3.api.region | string | `"garage"` |  |
-| garage.s3.api.rootDomain | string | `".s3.garage.tld"` |  |
-| garage.s3.web.index | string | `"index.html"` |  |
-| garage.s3.web.rootDomain | string | `".web.garage.tld"` |  |
-| image.pullPolicy | string | `"IfNotPresent"` |  |
-| image.repository | string | `"dxflrs/amd64_garage"` | default to amd64 docker image |
-| image.tag | string | `""` | set the image tag, please prefer using the chart version and not this to avoid compatibility issues |
-| imagePullSecrets | list | `[]` | set if you need credentials to pull your custom image |
-| ingress.s3.api.annotations | object | `{}` | Rely _either_ on the className or the annotation below but not both! If you want to use the className, set className: "nginx" and replace "nginx" by an Ingress controller name, examples [here](https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/services-networking/ingress-controllers). |
-| ingress.s3.api.enabled | bool | `false` |  |
-| ingress.s3.api.hosts[0] | object | `{"host":"s3.garage.tld","paths":[{"path":"/","pathType":"Prefix"}]}` | garage S3 API endpoint, to be used with awscli for example |
-| ingress.s3.api.hosts[1] | object | `{"host":"*.s3.garage.tld","paths":[{"path":"/","pathType":"Prefix"}]}` | garage S3 API endpoint, DNS style bucket access |
-| ingress.s3.api.labels | object | `{}` |  |
-| ingress.s3.api.tls | list | `[]` |  |
-| ingress.s3.web.annotations | object | `{}` | Rely _either_ on the className or the annotation below but not both! If you want to use the className, set className: "nginx" and replace "nginx" by an Ingress controller name, examples [here](https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/services-networking/ingress-controllers). |
-| ingress.s3.web.enabled | bool | `false` |  |
-| ingress.s3.web.hosts[0] | object | `{"host":"*.web.garage.tld","paths":[{"path":"/","pathType":"Prefix"}]}` | wildcard website access with bucket name prefix |
-| ingress.s3.web.hosts[1] | object | `{"host":"mywebpage.example.com","paths":[{"path":"/","pathType":"Prefix"}]}` | specific bucket access with FQDN bucket |
-| ingress.s3.web.labels | object | `{}` |  |
-| ingress.s3.web.tls | list | `[]` |  |
-| initImage.pullPolicy | string | `"IfNotPresent"` |  |
-| initImage.repository | string | `"busybox"` |  |
-| initImage.tag | string | `"stable"` |  |
-| monitoring.metrics.enabled | bool | `false` | If true, a service for monitoring is created with a prometheus.io/scrape annotation |
-| monitoring.metrics.serviceMonitor.enabled | bool | `false` | If true, a ServiceMonitor CRD is created for a prometheus operator https://github.com/coreos/prometheus-operator |
-| monitoring.metrics.serviceMonitor.interval | string | `"15s"` |  |
-| monitoring.metrics.serviceMonitor.labels | object | `{}` |  |
-| monitoring.metrics.serviceMonitor.path | string | `"/metrics"` |  |
-| monitoring.metrics.serviceMonitor.relabelings | list | `[]` |  |
-| monitoring.metrics.serviceMonitor.scheme | string | `"http"` |  |
-| monitoring.metrics.serviceMonitor.scrapeTimeout | string | `"10s"` |  |
-| monitoring.metrics.serviceMonitor.tlsConfig | object | `{}` |  |
-| monitoring.tracing.sink | string | `""` | specify a sink endpoint for OpenTelemetry Traces, eg. `http://localhost:4317` |
-| nameOverride | string | `""` |  |
-| nodeSelector | object | `{}` |  |
-| persistence.data.hostPath | string | `"/var/lib/garage/data"` |  |
-| persistence.data.size | string | `"100Mi"` |  |
-| persistence.enabled | bool | `true` |  |
-| persistence.meta.hostPath | string | `"/var/lib/garage/meta"` |  |
-| persistence.meta.size | string | `"100Mi"` |  |
-| podAnnotations | object | `{}` | additonal pod annotations |
-| podSecurityContext.fsGroup | int | `1000` |  |
-| podSecurityContext.runAsGroup | int | `1000` |  |
-| podSecurityContext.runAsNonRoot | bool | `true` |  |
-| podSecurityContext.runAsUser | int | `1000` |  |
-| resources | object | `{}` |  |
-| securityContext.capabilities | object | `{"drop":["ALL"]}` | The default security context is heavily restricted, feel free to tune it to your requirements |
-| securityContext.readOnlyRootFilesystem | bool | `true` |  |
-| service.s3.api.port | int | `3900` |  |
-| service.s3.web.port | int | `3902` |  |
-| service.type | string | `"ClusterIP"` | You can rely on any service to expose your cluster - ClusterIP (+ Ingress) - NodePort (+ Ingress) - LoadBalancer |
-| serviceAccount.annotations | object | `{}` | Annotations to add to the service account |
-| serviceAccount.create | bool | `true` | Specifies whether a service account should be created |
-| serviceAccount.name | string | `""` | The name of the service account to use. If not set and create is true, a name is generated using the fullname template |
-| tolerations | list | `[]` |  |
-
----------------------------------------------
-Autogenerated from chart metadata using [helm-docs v1.14.2](https://github.com/norwoodj/helm-docs/releases/v1.14.2)
--- a/script/helm/garage/templates/configmap.yaml
+++ b/script/helm/garage/templates/configmap.yaml
@ -1,49 +1,7 @@
-{{- if not .Values.garage.existingConfigMap }}
 apiVersion: v1
 kind: ConfigMap
 metadata:
  name: {{ include "garage.fullname" . }}-config
 data:
  garage.toml: |-
-    {{- if .Values.garage.garageTomlString }}
-        {{- tpl (index (index .Values.garage) "garageTomlString") $ | nindent 4 }}
-    {{- else }}
-    metadata_dir = "/mnt/meta"
-    data_dir = "/mnt/data"
-
-    db_engine = "{{ .Values.garage.dbEngine }}"
-
-    block_size = {{ .Values.garage.blockSize }}
-
-    replication_mode = "{{ .Values.garage.replicationMode }}"
-
-    compression_level = {{ .Values.garage.compressionLevel }}
-
-    rpc_bind_addr = "{{ .Values.garage.rpcBindAddr }}"
-    # rpc_secret will be populated by the init container from a k8s secret object
-    rpc_secret = "__RPC_SECRET_REPLACE__"
-
-    bootstrap_peers = {{ .Values.garage.bootstrapPeers }}
-
-    [kubernetes_discovery]
-    namespace = "{{ .Release.Namespace }}"
-    service_name = "{{ include "garage.fullname" . }}"
-    skip_crd = {{ .Values.garage.kubernetesSkipCrd }}
-
-    [s3_api]
-    s3_region = "{{ .Values.garage.s3.api.region }}"
-    api_bind_addr = "[::]:3900"
-    root_domain = "{{ .Values.garage.s3.api.rootDomain }}"
-
-    [s3_web]
-    bind_addr = "[::]:3902"
-    root_domain = "{{ .Values.garage.s3.web.rootDomain }}"
-    index = "{{ .Values.garage.s3.web.index }}"
-
-    [admin]
-    api_bind_addr = "[::]:3903"
-    {{- if .Values.monitoring.tracing.sink }}
-    trace_sink = "{{ .Values.monitoring.tracing.sink }}"
-    {{- end }}
-    {{- end }}
-{{- end }}
+    {{- tpl (index (index .Values.garage) "garage.toml") $ | nindent 4 }}
--- a/script/helm/garage/templates/workload.yaml
+++ b/script/helm/garage/templates/workload.yaml
@ -11,7 +11,6 @@ spec:
  {{- if eq .Values.deployment.kind "StatefulSet" }}
  replicas: {{ .Values.deployment.replicaCount }}
  serviceName: {{ include "garage.fullname" . }}
-  podManagementPolicy: {{ .Values.deployment.podManagementPolicy }}
  {{- end }}
  template:
    metadata:
@ -64,10 +63,6 @@ spec:
              name: web-api
            - containerPort: 3903
              name: admin
-          {{- with .Values.environment }}
-          env:
-            {{- toYaml . | nindent 12 }}
-          {{- end }}
          volumeMounts:
            - name: meta
              mountPath: /mnt/meta
@ -76,9 +71,6 @@ spec:
            - name: etc
              mountPath: /etc/garage.toml
              subPath: garage.toml
-          {{- with .Values.extraVolumeMounts }}
-            {{- toYaml . | nindent 12 }}
-          {{- end }}
          # TODO
          # livenessProbe:
          #   httpGet:
@ -113,9 +105,6 @@ spec:
        - name: data
          emptyDir: {}
        {{- end }}
-        {{- with .Values.extraVolumes }}
-          {{- toYaml . | nindent 8 }}
-        {{- end }}
      {{- with .Values.nodeSelector }}
      nodeSelector:
        {{- toYaml . | nindent 8 }}
--- a/script/helm/garage/values.yaml
+++ b/script/helm/garage/values.yaml
@ -4,30 +4,33 @@

 # Garage configuration. These values go to garage.toml
 garage:
-  # -- Can be changed for better performance on certain systems
+  # Can be changed for better performance on certain systems
  # https://garagehq.deuxfleurs.fr/documentation/reference-manual/configuration/#db-engine-since-v0-8-0
-  dbEngine: "lmdb"
+  dbEngine: "sled"

-  # -- Defaults is 1MB
+  # Defaults is 1MB
  # An increase can result in better performance in certain scenarios
  # https://garagehq.deuxfleurs.fr/documentation/reference-manual/configuration/#block-size
  blockSize: "1048576"

-  # -- Default to 3 replicas, see the replication_mode section at
+  # Tuning parameters for the sled DB engine
+  # https://garagehq.deuxfleurs.fr/documentation/reference-manual/configuration/#sled-cache-capacity
+  sledCacheCapacity: "134217728"
+  sledFlushEveryMs: "2000"
+
+  # Default to 3 replicas, see the replication_mode section at
  # https://garagehq.deuxfleurs.fr/documentation/reference-manual/configuration/#replication-mode
  replicationMode: "3"

-  # -- zstd compression level of stored blocks
+  # zstd compression level of stored blocks
  # https://garagehq.deuxfleurs.fr/documentation/reference-manual/configuration/#compression-level
  compressionLevel: "1"

  rpcBindAddr: "[::]:3901"
-  # -- If not given, a random secret will be generated and stored in a Secret object
+  # If not given, a random secret will be generated and stored in a Secret object
  rpcSecret: ""
-  # -- This is not required if you use the integrated kubernetes discovery
+  # This is not required if you use the integrated kubernetes discovery
  bootstrapPeers: []
-  # -- Set to true if you want to use k8s discovery but install the CRDs manually outside
-  # of the helm chart, for example if you operate at namespace level without cluster ressources
  kubernetesSkipCrd: false
  s3:
    api:
@ -36,16 +39,52 @@ garage:
    web:
      rootDomain: ".web.garage.tld"
      index: "index.html"
+  # Template for the garage configuration
+  # Values can be templated
+  # ref: https://garagehq.deuxfleurs.fr/documentation/reference-manual/configuration/
+  garage.toml: |-
+    metadata_dir = "/mnt/meta"
+    data_dir = "/mnt/data"

-  # -- if not empty string, allow using an existing ConfigMap for the garage.toml,
-  # if set, ignores garage.toml
-  existingConfigMap: ""
+    db_engine = "{{ .Values.garage.dbEngine }}"

-  # -- String Template for the garage configuration
-  # if set, ignores above values.
-  # Values can be templated,
-  # see https://garagehq.deuxfleurs.fr/documentation/reference-manual/configuration/
-  garageTomlString: ""
+    block_size = {{ .Values.garage.blockSize }}
+
+    {{- if eq .Values.garage.dbEngine "sled"}}
+    sled_cache_capacity = {{ .Values.garage.sledCacheCapacity }}
+    sled_flush_every_ms = {{ .Values.garage.sledFlushEveryMs }}
+    {{- end }}
+
+    replication_mode = "{{ .Values.garage.replicationMode }}"
+
+    compression_level = {{ .Values.garage.compressionLevel }}
+
+    rpc_bind_addr = "{{ .Values.garage.rpcBindAddr }}"
+    # rpc_secret will be populated by the init container from a k8s secret object
+    rpc_secret = "__RPC_SECRET_REPLACE__"
+
+    bootstrap_peers = {{ .Values.garage.bootstrapPeers }}
+
+    [kubernetes_discovery]
+    namespace = "{{ .Release.Namespace }}"
+    service_name = "{{ include "garage.fullname" . }}"
+    skip_crd = {{ .Values.garage.kubernetesSkipCrd }}
+
+    [s3_api]
+    s3_region = "{{ .Values.garage.s3.api.region }}"
+    api_bind_addr = "[::]:3900"
+    root_domain = "{{ .Values.garage.s3.api.rootDomain }}"
+
+    [s3_web]
+    bind_addr = "[::]:3902"
+    root_domain = "{{ .Values.garage.s3.web.rootDomain }}"
+    index = "{{ .Values.garage.s3.web.index }}"
+
+    [admin]
+    api_bind_addr = "[::]:3903"
+    {{- if .Values.monitoring.tracing.sink }}
+    trace_sink = "{{ .Values.monitoring.tracing.sink }}"
+    {{- end }}

 # Data persistence
 persistence:
@ -63,18 +102,14 @@ persistence:

 # Deployment configuration
 deployment:
-  # -- Switchable to DaemonSet
+  # Switchable to DaemonSet
  kind: StatefulSet
-  # -- Number of StatefulSet replicas/garage nodes to start
+  # Number of StatefulSet replicas/garage nodes to start
  replicaCount: 3
-  # -- If using statefulset, allow Parallel or OrderedReady (default)
-  podManagementPolicy: OrderedReady

 image:
-  # -- default to amd64 docker image
  repository: dxflrs/amd64_garage
-  # -- set the image tag, please prefer using the chart version and not this
-  # to avoid compatibility issues
+  # please prefer using the chart version and not this tag
  tag: ""
  pullPolicy: IfNotPresent

@ -83,21 +118,19 @@ initImage:
  tag: stable
  pullPolicy: IfNotPresent

-# -- set if you need credentials to pull your custom image
 imagePullSecrets: []
 nameOverride: ""
 fullnameOverride: ""

 serviceAccount:
-  # -- Specifies whether a service account should be created
+  # Specifies whether a service account should be created
  create: true
-  # -- Annotations to add to the service account
+  # Annotations to add to the service account
  annotations: {}
-  # -- The name of the service account to use.
+  # The name of the service account to use.
  # If not set and create is true, a name is generated using the fullname template
  name: ""

-# -- additonal pod annotations
 podAnnotations: {}

 podSecurityContext:
@ -107,7 +140,7 @@ podSecurityContext:
  runAsNonRoot: true

 securityContext:
-  # -- The default security context is heavily restricted,
+  # The default security context is heavily restricted
  # feel free to tune it to your requirements
  capabilities:
    drop:
@ -115,7 +148,7 @@ securityContext:
  readOnlyRootFilesystem: true

 service:
-  # -- You can rely on any service to expose your cluster
+  # You can rely on any service to expose your cluster
  # - ClusterIP (+ Ingress)
  # - NodePort (+ Ingress)
  # - LoadBalancer
@ -131,23 +164,20 @@ ingress:
  s3:
    api:
      enabled: false
-      # -- Rely _either_ on the className or the annotation below but not both!
-      # If you want to use the className, set
+      # Rely either on the className or the annotation below but not both
+      # replace "nginx" by an Ingress controller
+      # you can find examples here https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/services-networking/ingress-controllers
      # className: "nginx"
-      # and replace "nginx" by an Ingress controller name,
-      # examples [here](https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/services-networking/ingress-controllers).
      annotations: {}
        # kubernetes.io/ingress.class: "nginx"
        # kubernetes.io/tls-acme: "true"
      labels: {}
      hosts:
-        # -- garage S3 API endpoint, to be used with awscli for example
-        - host: "s3.garage.tld"
+        - host: "s3.garage.tld" # garage S3 API endpoint
          paths:
            - path: /
              pathType: Prefix
-        # -- garage S3 API endpoint, DNS style bucket access
-        - host: "*.s3.garage.tld"
+        - host: "*.s3.garage.tld" # garage S3 API endpoint, DNS style bucket access
          paths:
            - path: /
              pathType: Prefix
@ -157,23 +187,20 @@ ingress:
      #      - kubernetes.docker.internal
    web:
      enabled: false
-      # -- Rely _either_ on the className or the annotation below but not both!
-      # If you want to use the className, set
+      # Rely either on the className or the annotation below but not both
+      # replace "nginx" by an Ingress controller
+      # you can find examples here https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/services-networking/ingress-controllers
      # className: "nginx"
-      # and replace "nginx" by an Ingress controller name,
-      # examples [here](https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/services-networking/ingress-controllers).
      annotations: {}
        # kubernetes.io/ingress.class: nginx
        # kubernetes.io/tls-acme: "true"
      labels: {}
      hosts:
-      # --  wildcard website access with bucket name prefix
-       - host: "*.web.garage.tld"
+       - host: "*.web.garage.tld" # wildcard website access with bucket name prefix
         paths:
           - path: /
             pathType: Prefix
-       # -- specific bucket access with FQDN bucket
-       - host: "mywebpage.example.com"
+       - host: "mywebpage.example.com" # specific bucket access with FQDN bucket
         paths:
           - path: /
             pathType: Prefix
@ -197,18 +224,12 @@ tolerations: []

 affinity: {}

-environment: {}
-
-extraVolumes: {}
-
-extraVolumeMounts: {}
-
 monitoring:
  metrics:
-    # -- If true, a service for monitoring is created with a prometheus.io/scrape annotation
+    # If true, a service for monitoring is created with a prometheus.io/scrape annotation
    enabled: false
    serviceMonitor:
-      # -- If true, a ServiceMonitor CRD is created for a prometheus operator
+      # If true, a ServiceMonitor CRD is created for a prometheus operator
      # https://github.com/coreos/prometheus-operator
      enabled: false
      path: /metrics
@ -220,5 +241,4 @@ monitoring:
      scrapeTimeout: 10s
      relabelings: []
  tracing:
-    # -- specify a sink endpoint for OpenTelemetry Traces, eg. `http://localhost:4317`
    sink: ""
--- a/script/jepsen.garage/Vagrantfile
+++ b/script/jepsen.garage/Vagrantfile
@ -30,11 +30,11 @@ Vagrant.configure("2") do |config|
  config.vm.define "n6" do |config| vm(config, "n6", "192.168.56.26") end
  config.vm.define "n7" do |config| vm(config, "n7", "192.168.56.27") end

-  #config.vm.define "n8" do |config| vm(config, "n8", "192.168.56.28") end
-  #config.vm.define "n9" do |config| vm(config, "n9", "192.168.56.29") end
-  #config.vm.define "n10" do |config| vm(config, "n10", "192.168.56.30") end
-  #config.vm.define "n11" do |config| vm(config, "n11", "192.168.56.31") end
-  #config.vm.define "n12" do |config| vm(config, "n12", "192.168.56.32") end
-  #config.vm.define "n13" do |config| vm(config, "n13", "192.168.56.33") end
-  #config.vm.define "n14" do |config| vm(config, "n14", "192.168.56.34") end
+  config.vm.define "n8" do |config| vm(config, "n8", "192.168.56.28") end
+  config.vm.define "n9" do |config| vm(config, "n9", "192.168.56.29") end
+  config.vm.define "n10" do |config| vm(config, "n10", "192.168.56.30") end
+  config.vm.define "n11" do |config| vm(config, "n11", "192.168.56.31") end
+  config.vm.define "n12" do |config| vm(config, "n12", "192.168.56.32") end
+  config.vm.define "n13" do |config| vm(config, "n13", "192.168.56.33") end
+  config.vm.define "n14" do |config| vm(config, "n14", "192.168.56.34") end
 end
--- a/script/jepsen.garage/all_tests_1.sh
+++ b/script/jepsen.garage/all_tests_1.sh
@ -3,10 +3,11 @@
 set -x

 #for ppatch in task3c task3a tsfix2; do
-for ppatch in v093 v1rc1; do
+for ppatch in tsfix2; do
 	#for psc in c cp cdp r pr cpr dpr; do
-	for ptsk in reg2 set2; do
-		for psc in c cp cdp r pr cpr dpr; do
+	for psc in cdp r pr cpr dpr; do
+		#for ptsk in reg2 set1 set2; do
+		for ptsk in set1; do
 			for irun in $(seq 10); do
 				lein run test --nodes-file nodes.vagrant \
 					--time-limit 60 --rate 100  --concurrency 100 --ops-per-key 100 \
--- a/script/jepsen.garage/src/jepsen/garage.clj
+++ b/script/jepsen.garage/src/jepsen/garage.clj
@ -38,9 +38,7 @@
   "tsfix2" "c82d91c6bccf307186332b6c5c6fc0b128b1b2b1"
   "task3a" "707442f5de416fdbed4681a33b739f0a787b7834"
   "task3b" "431b28e0cfdc9cac6c649193cf602108a8b02997"
-   "task3c" "0041b013a473e3ae72f50209d8f79db75a72848b"
-   "v093" "v0.9.3"
-   "v1rc1" "v1.0.0-rc1"})
+   "task3c" "0041b013a473e3ae72f50209d8f79db75a72848b"})

 (def cli-opts
  "Additional command line options."
--- a/script/jepsen.garage/src/jepsen/garage/daemon.clj
+++ b/script/jepsen.garage/src/jepsen/garage/daemon.clj
@ -43,7 +43,7 @@
             "rpc_bind_addr = \"0.0.0.0:3901\"\n"
             "rpc_public_addr = \"" node ":3901\"\n"
             "db_engine = \"lmdb\"\n"
-             "replication_mode = \"3\"\n"
+             "replication_mode = \"2\"\n"
             "data_dir = \"" data-dir "\"\n"
             "metadata_dir = \"" meta-dir "\"\n"
             "[s3_api]\n"
--- a/script/test-smoke.sh
+++ b/script/test-smoke.sh
@ -81,22 +81,11 @@ if [ -z "$SKIP_AWS" ]; then
    echo "Invalid multipart upload"
    exit 1
  fi
-  aws s3api delete-object --bucket eprouvette --key upload
-
-  echo "🛠️ Test SSE-C with awscli (aws s3)"
-  SSEC_KEY="u8zCfnEyt5Imo/krN+sxA1DQXxLWtPJavU6T6gOVj1Y="
-  SSEC_KEY_MD5="jMGbs3GyZkYjJUP6q5jA7g=="
-  echo "$SSEC_KEY" |  base64 -d  > /tmp/garage.ssec-key
-  for idx in {1,2}.rnd; do
-    aws s3 cp --sse-c AES256 --sse-c-key fileb:///tmp/garage.ssec-key \
-      "/tmp/garage.$idx" "s3://eprouvette/garage.$idx.aws.sse-c"
-    aws s3 cp --sse-c AES256 --sse-c-key fileb:///tmp/garage.ssec-key \
-      "s3://eprouvette/garage.$idx.aws.sse-c" "/tmp/garage.$idx.dl.sse-c"
-    diff "/tmp/garage.$idx" "/tmp/garage.$idx.dl.sse-c"
-    aws s3api delete-object --bucket eprouvette --key "garage.$idx.aws.sse-c"
-  done
 fi

+echo "OK!!"
+exit 0
+
 # S3CMD
 if [ -z "$SKIP_S3CMD" ]; then
  echo "🛠️ Testing with s3cmd"
--- a/shell.nix
+++ b/shell.nix
@ -5,49 +5,101 @@ with import ./nix/common.nix;
 let
  pkgs = import pkgsSrc {
    inherit system;
+    overlays = [ cargo2nixOverlay ];
  };
+  kaniko = (import ./nix/kaniko.nix) pkgs;
+  manifest-tool = (import ./nix/manifest-tool.nix) pkgs;
  winscp = (import ./nix/winscp.nix) pkgs;
-in
-{
-  # --- Dev shell inherited from flake.nix ---
-  devShell = devShells.default;
-  devShellFull = devShells.full;

-  # --- Continuous integration shell ---
-  # The shell used for all CI jobs (along with devShell)
-  ci = pkgs.mkShell {
+in {
+  # --- Rust Shell ---
+  # Use it to compile Garage
+  rust = pkgs.mkShell {
    nativeBuildInputs = with pkgs; [
-      winscp
-
-      kaniko
-      manifest-tool
-      awscli2
+      #rustPlatform.rust.rustc
+      rustPlatform.rust.cargo
+      clang
+      mold
+      #clippy
+      rustfmt
+      #perl
+      #protobuf
+      #pkg-config
+      #openssl
      file
-      s3cmd
-      minio-client
-      rclone
-      socat
-      psmisc
-      which
-      openssl
-      curl
-      jq
+      #cargo2nix.packages.x86_64-linux.cargo2nix
    ];
+  };
+
+  # --- Integration shell ---
+  # Use it to test Garage with common S3 clients
+  integration = pkgs.mkShell {
+    nativeBuildInputs = [
+      winscp
+      pkgs.s3cmd
+      pkgs.awscli2
+      pkgs.minio-client
+      pkgs.rclone
+      pkgs.socat
+      pkgs.psmisc
+      pkgs.which
+      pkgs.openssl
+      pkgs.curl
+      pkgs.jq
+    ];
+  };
+
+  # --- Release shell ---
+  # A shell built to make releasing easier
+  release = pkgs.mkShell {
    shellHook = ''
+      function refresh_toolchain {
+        pass show deuxfleurs/nix_priv_key > /tmp/nix-signing-key.sec
+        nix copy \
+          --to 's3://nix?endpoint=garage.deuxfleurs.fr&region=garage&secret-key=/tmp/nix-signing-key.sec' \
+          $(nix-store -qR \
+            $(nix-build --no-build-output --no-out-link nix/toolchain.nix))
+        rm /tmp/nix-signing-key.sec
+      }
+
+      function refresh_cache {
+        pass show deuxfleurs/nix_priv_key > /tmp/nix-signing-key.sec
+        for attr in clippy.amd64 test.amd64 pkgs.{amd64,i386,arm,arm64}.{debug,release}; do
+          echo "Updating cache for ''${attr}"
+          derivation=$(nix-instantiate --attr ''${attr})
+          nix copy -j8 \
+            --to 's3://nix?endpoint=garage.deuxfleurs.fr&region=garage&secret-key=/tmp/nix-signing-key.sec' \
+            $(nix-store -qR ''${derivation%\!bin})
+        done
+        rm /tmp/nix-signing-key.sec
+      }
+
+      function refresh_flake_cache {
+        pass show deuxfleurs/nix_priv_key > /tmp/nix-signing-key.sec
+        for attr in packages.x86_64-linux.default devShell.x86_64-linux; do
+          echo "Updating cache for ''${attr}"
+          derivation=$(nix path-info --derivation ".#''${attr}")
+          nix copy -j8 \
+            --to 's3://nix?endpoint=garage.deuxfleurs.fr&region=garage&secret-key=/tmp/nix-signing-key.sec' \
+            $(nix-store -qR ''${derivation})
+        done
+        rm /tmp/nix-signing-key.sec
+      }
+
      function to_s3 {
        aws \
            --endpoint-url https://garage.deuxfleurs.fr \
            --region garage \
          s3 cp \
            ./result-bin/bin/garage \
-            s3://garagehq.deuxfleurs.fr/_releases/''${CI_COMMIT_TAG:-$CI_COMMIT_SHA}/''${TARGET}/garage
+            s3://garagehq.deuxfleurs.fr/_releases/''${DRONE_TAG:-$DRONE_COMMIT}/''${TARGET}/garage
      }

      function to_docker {
        executor  \
          --force \
-          --customPlatform="$(echo "''${DOCKER_PLATFORM}" | sed 's/i386/386/')" \
-          --destination "$(echo "''${CONTAINER_NAME}" | sed 's/i386/386/'):''${CONTAINER_TAG}" \
+          --customPlatform="''${DOCKER_PLATFORM}" \
+          --destination "''${CONTAINER_NAME}:''${CONTAINER_TAG}" \
          --context dir://`pwd` \
          --verbosity=debug
      }
@ -106,25 +158,7 @@ in
            s3://garagehq.deuxfleurs.fr/
      }
    '';
-
-  };
-
-  # --- Cache shell ---
-  # A shell for refreshing caches
-  cache = pkgs.mkShell {
-    shellHook = ''
-      function refresh_cache {
-        pass show deuxfleurs/nix_priv_key > /tmp/nix-signing-key.sec
-        for attr in pkgs.amd64.debug test.amd64 pkgs.{amd64,i386,arm,arm64}.release; do
-          echo "Updating cache for ''${attr}"
-          nix copy -j8 \
-            --to 's3://nix?endpoint=garage.deuxfleurs.fr&region=garage&secret-key=/tmp/nix-signing-key.sec' \
-            $(nix path-info ''${attr} --file default.nix --derivation --recursive | sed 's/\.drv$/.drv^*/')
-
-        done
-        rm /tmp/nix-signing-key.sec
-      }
-    '';
+    nativeBuildInputs = [ pkgs.awscli2 kaniko manifest-tool ];
  };
 }

--- a/src/api/Cargo.toml
+++ b/src/api/Cargo.toml
@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 [package]
 name = "garage_api"
-version = "1.0.1"
+version = "0.9.1"
 authors = ["Alex Auvolat <alex@adnab.me>"]
 edition = "2018"
 license = "AGPL-3.0"
@ -17,57 +17,47 @@ path = "lib.rs"
 garage_model.workspace = true
 garage_table.workspace = true
 garage_block.workspace = true
-garage_net.workspace = true
 garage_util.workspace = true
 garage_rpc.workspace = true

-aes-gcm.workspace = true
-argon2.workspace = true
-async-compression.workspace = true
-async-trait.workspace = true
-base64.workspace = true
-bytes.workspace = true
-chrono.workspace = true
-crc32fast.workspace = true
-crc32c.workspace = true
-crypto-common.workspace = true
-err-derive.workspace = true
-hex.workspace = true
-hmac.workspace = true
-idna.workspace = true
-tracing.workspace = true
-md-5.workspace = true
-nom.workspace = true
-pin-project.workspace = true
-sha1.workspace = true
-sha2.workspace = true
+async-trait = "0.1.7"
+base64 = "0.21"
+bytes = "1.0"
+chrono = "0.4"
+crypto-common = "0.1"
+err-derive = "0.3"
+hex = "0.4"
+hmac = "0.12"
+idna = "0.4"
+tracing = "0.1"
+md-5 = "0.10"
+nom = "7.1"
+sha2 = "0.10"

-futures.workspace = true
-futures-util.workspace = true
-tokio.workspace = true
-tokio-stream.workspace = true
-tokio-util.workspace = true
+futures = "0.3"
+futures-util = "0.3"
+pin-project = "1.0.12"
+tokio = { version = "1.0", default-features = false, features = ["rt", "rt-multi-thread", "io-util", "net", "time", "macros", "sync", "signal", "fs"] }
+tokio-stream = "0.1"

-form_urlencoded.workspace = true
-http.workspace = true
-httpdate.workspace = true
-http-range.workspace = true
-http-body-util.workspace = true
-hyper = { workspace = true, default-features = false, features = ["server", "http1"] }
-hyper-util.workspace = true
-multer.workspace = true
-percent-encoding.workspace = true
-roxmltree.workspace = true
-url.workspace = true
+form_urlencoded = "1.0.0"
+http = "0.2"
+httpdate = "1.0"
+http-range = "0.1"
+hyper = { version = "0.14", features = ["server", "http1", "runtime", "tcp", "stream"] }
+hyperlocal = { version = "0.8.0", default-features = false, features = ["server"] }
+multer = "2.0"
+percent-encoding = "2.1.0"
+roxmltree = "0.18"
+serde = { version = "1.0", features = ["derive"] }
+serde_bytes = "0.11"
+serde_json = "1.0"
+quick-xml = { version = "0.26", features = [ "serialize" ] }
+url = "2.3"

-serde.workspace = true
-serde_bytes.workspace = true
-serde_json.workspace = true
-quick-xml.workspace = true
-
-opentelemetry.workspace = true
-opentelemetry-prometheus = { workspace = true, optional = true }
-prometheus = { workspace = true, optional = true }
+opentelemetry = "0.17"
+opentelemetry-prometheus = { version = "0.10", optional = true }
+prometheus = { version = "0.13", optional = true }

 [features]
 k2v = [ "garage_util/k2v", "garage_model/k2v" ]
--- a/src/api/admin/api_server.rs
+++ b/src/api/admin/api_server.rs
@ -1,12 +1,11 @@
 use std::collections::HashMap;
 use std::sync::Arc;

-use argon2::password_hash::PasswordHash;
 use async_trait::async_trait;

+use futures::future::Future;
 use http::header::{ACCESS_CONTROL_ALLOW_METHODS, ACCESS_CONTROL_ALLOW_ORIGIN, ALLOW};
-use hyper::{body::Incoming as IncomingBody, Request, Response, StatusCode};
-use tokio::sync::watch;
+use hyper::{Body, Request, Response, StatusCode};

 use opentelemetry::trace::SpanRef;

@ -28,9 +27,7 @@ use crate::admin::error::*;
 use crate::admin::key::*;
 use crate::admin::router_v0;
 use crate::admin::router_v1::{Authorization, Endpoint};
-use crate::helpers::*;
-
-pub type ResBody = BoxBody<Error>;
+use crate::helpers::host_to_bucket;

 pub struct AdminApiServer {
 	garage: Arc<Garage>,
@ -46,8 +43,14 @@ impl AdminApiServer {
 		#[cfg(feature = "metrics")] exporter: PrometheusExporter,
 	) -> Self {
 		let cfg = &garage.config.admin;
-		let metrics_token = cfg.metrics_token.as_deref().map(hash_bearer_token);
-		let admin_token = cfg.admin_token.as_deref().map(hash_bearer_token);
+		let metrics_token = cfg
+			.metrics_token
+			.as_ref()
+			.map(|tok| format!("Bearer {}", tok));
+		let admin_token = cfg
+			.admin_token
+			.as_ref()
+			.map(|tok| format!("Bearer {}", tok));
 		Self {
 			garage,
 			#[cfg(feature = "metrics")]
@ -60,27 +63,24 @@ impl AdminApiServer {
 	pub async fn run(
 		self,
 		bind_addr: UnixOrTCPSocketAddress,
-		must_exit: watch::Receiver<bool>,
+		shutdown_signal: impl Future<Output = ()>,
 	) -> Result<(), GarageError> {
 		let region = self.garage.config.s3_api.s3_region.clone();
 		ApiServer::new(region, self)
-			.run_server(bind_addr, Some(0o220), must_exit)
+			.run_server(bind_addr, Some(0o220), shutdown_signal)
 			.await
 	}

-	fn handle_options(&self, _req: &Request<IncomingBody>) -> Result<Response<ResBody>, Error> {
+	fn handle_options(&self, _req: &Request<Body>) -> Result<Response<Body>, Error> {
 		Ok(Response::builder()
 			.status(StatusCode::NO_CONTENT)
 			.header(ALLOW, "OPTIONS, GET, POST")
 			.header(ACCESS_CONTROL_ALLOW_METHODS, "OPTIONS, GET, POST")
 			.header(ACCESS_CONTROL_ALLOW_ORIGIN, "*")
-			.body(empty_body())?)
+			.body(Body::empty())?)
 	}

-	async fn handle_check_domain(
-		&self,
-		req: Request<IncomingBody>,
-	) -> Result<Response<ResBody>, Error> {
+	async fn handle_check_domain(&self, req: Request<Body>) -> Result<Response<Body>, Error> {
 		let query_params: HashMap<String, String> = req
 			.uri()
 			.query()
@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ impl AdminApiServer {
 		if self.check_domain(domain).await? {
 			Ok(Response::builder()
 				.status(StatusCode::OK)
-				.body(string_body(format!(
+				.body(Body::from(format!(
 					"Domain '{domain}' is managed by Garage"
 				)))?)
 		} else {
@ -167,7 +167,7 @@ impl AdminApiServer {
 		}
 	}

-	fn handle_health(&self) -> Result<Response<ResBody>, Error> {
+	fn handle_health(&self) -> Result<Response<Body>, Error> {
 		let health = self.garage.system.health();

 		let (status, status_str) = match health.status {
@ -189,10 +189,10 @@ impl AdminApiServer {
 		Ok(Response::builder()
 			.status(status)
 			.header(http::header::CONTENT_TYPE, "text/plain")
-			.body(string_body(status_str))?)
+			.body(Body::from(status_str))?)
 	}

-	fn handle_metrics(&self) -> Result<Response<ResBody>, Error> {
+	fn handle_metrics(&self) -> Result<Response<Body>, Error> {
 		#[cfg(feature = "metrics")]
 		{
 			use opentelemetry::trace::Tracer;
@ -212,7 +212,7 @@ impl AdminApiServer {
 			Ok(Response::builder()
 				.status(StatusCode::OK)
 				.header(http::header::CONTENT_TYPE, encoder.format_type())
-				.body(bytes_body(buffer.into()))?)
+				.body(Body::from(buffer))?)
 		}
 		#[cfg(not(feature = "metrics"))]
 		Err(Error::bad_request(
@ -229,7 +229,7 @@ impl ApiHandler for AdminApiServer {
 	type Endpoint = Endpoint;
 	type Error = Error;

-	fn parse_endpoint(&self, req: &Request<IncomingBody>) -> Result<Endpoint, Error> {
+	fn parse_endpoint(&self, req: &Request<Body>) -> Result<Endpoint, Error> {
 		if req.uri().path().starts_with("/v0/") {
 			let endpoint_v0 = router_v0::Endpoint::from_request(req)?;
 			Endpoint::from_v0(endpoint_v0)
@ -240,14 +240,14 @@ impl ApiHandler for AdminApiServer {

 	async fn handle(
 		&self,
-		req: Request<IncomingBody>,
+		req: Request<Body>,
 		endpoint: Endpoint,
-	) -> Result<Response<ResBody>, Error> {
-		let required_auth_hash =
+	) -> Result<Response<Body>, Error> {
+		let expected_auth_header =
 			match endpoint.authorization_type() {
 				Authorization::None => None,
-				Authorization::MetricsToken => self.metrics_token.as_deref(),
-				Authorization::AdminToken => match self.admin_token.as_deref() {
+				Authorization::MetricsToken => self.metrics_token.as_ref(),
+				Authorization::AdminToken => match &self.admin_token {
 					None => return Err(Error::forbidden(
 						"Admin token isn't configured, admin API access is disabled for security.",
 					)),
@ -255,11 +255,14 @@ impl ApiHandler for AdminApiServer {
 				},
 			};

-		if let Some(password_hash) = required_auth_hash {
+		if let Some(h) = expected_auth_header {
 			match req.headers().get("Authorization") {
 				None => return Err(Error::forbidden("Authorization token must be provided")),
-				Some(authorization) => {
-					verify_bearer_token(&authorization, password_hash)?;
+				Some(v) => {
+					let authorized = v.to_str().map(|hv| hv.trim() == h).unwrap_or(false);
+					if !authorized {
+						return Err(Error::forbidden("Invalid authorization token provided"));
+					}
 				}
 			}
 		}
@ -276,7 +279,7 @@ impl ApiHandler for AdminApiServer {
 			Endpoint::GetClusterLayout => handle_get_cluster_layout(&self.garage).await,
 			Endpoint::UpdateClusterLayout => handle_update_cluster_layout(&self.garage, req).await,
 			Endpoint::ApplyClusterLayout => handle_apply_cluster_layout(&self.garage, req).await,
-			Endpoint::RevertClusterLayout => handle_revert_cluster_layout(&self.garage).await,
+			Endpoint::RevertClusterLayout => handle_revert_cluster_layout(&self.garage, req).await,
 			// Keys
 			Endpoint::ListKeys => handle_list_keys(&self.garage).await,
 			Endpoint::GetKeyInfo {
@ -334,35 +337,3 @@ impl ApiEndpoint for Endpoint {

 	fn add_span_attributes(&self, _span: SpanRef<'_>) {}
 }
-
-fn hash_bearer_token(token: &str) -> String {
-	use argon2::{
-		password_hash::{rand_core::OsRng, PasswordHasher, SaltString},
-		Argon2,
-	};
-
-	let salt = SaltString::generate(&mut OsRng);
-	let argon2 = Argon2::default();
-	argon2
-		.hash_password(token.trim().as_bytes(), &salt)
-		.expect("could not hash API token")
-		.to_string()
-}
-
-fn verify_bearer_token(token: &hyper::http::HeaderValue, password_hash: &str) -> Result<(), Error> {
-	use argon2::{password_hash::PasswordVerifier, Argon2};
-
-	let parsed_hash = PasswordHash::new(&password_hash).unwrap();
-
-	token
-		.to_str()?
-		.strip_prefix("Bearer ")
-		.and_then(|token| {
-			Argon2::default()
-				.verify_password(token.trim().as_bytes(), &parsed_hash)
-				.ok()
-		})
-		.ok_or_else(|| Error::forbidden("Invalid authorization token"))?;
-
-	Ok(())
-}
--- a/src/api/admin/bucket.rs
+++ b/src/api/admin/bucket.rs
@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 use std::collections::HashMap;
 use std::sync::Arc;

-use hyper::{body::Incoming as IncomingBody, Request, Response, StatusCode};
+use hyper::{Body, Request, Response, StatusCode};
 use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};

 use garage_util::crdt::*;
@ -17,13 +17,12 @@ use garage_model::permission::*;
 use garage_model::s3::mpu_table;
 use garage_model::s3::object_table::*;

-use crate::admin::api_server::ResBody;
 use crate::admin::error::*;
 use crate::admin::key::ApiBucketKeyPerm;
 use crate::common_error::CommonError;
-use crate::helpers::*;
+use crate::helpers::{json_ok_response, parse_json_body};

-pub async fn handle_list_buckets(garage: &Arc<Garage>) -> Result<Response<ResBody>, Error> {
+pub async fn handle_list_buckets(garage: &Arc<Garage>) -> Result<Response<Body>, Error> {
 	let buckets = garage
 		.bucket_table
 		.get_range(
@ -91,7 +90,7 @@ pub async fn handle_get_bucket_info(
 	garage: &Arc<Garage>,
 	id: Option<String>,
 	global_alias: Option<String>,
-) -> Result<Response<ResBody>, Error> {
+) -> Result<Response<Body>, Error> {
 	let bucket_id = match (id, global_alias) {
 		(Some(id), None) => parse_bucket_id(&id)?,
 		(None, Some(ga)) => garage
@ -112,7 +111,7 @@ pub async fn handle_get_bucket_info(
 async fn bucket_info_results(
 	garage: &Arc<Garage>,
 	bucket_id: Uuid,
-) -> Result<Response<ResBody>, Error> {
+) -> Result<Response<Body>, Error> {
 	let bucket = garage
 		.bucket_helper()
 		.get_existing_bucket(bucket_id)
@ -123,7 +122,7 @@ async fn bucket_info_results(
 		.table
 		.get(&bucket_id, &EmptyKey)
 		.await?
-		.map(|x| x.filtered_values(&garage.system.cluster_layout()))
+		.map(|x| x.filtered_values(&garage.system.ring.borrow()))
 		.unwrap_or_default();

 	let mpu_counters = garage
@ -131,7 +130,7 @@ async fn bucket_info_results(
 		.table
 		.get(&bucket_id, &EmptyKey)
 		.await?
-		.map(|x| x.filtered_values(&garage.system.cluster_layout()))
+		.map(|x| x.filtered_values(&garage.system.ring.borrow()))
 		.unwrap_or_default();

 	let mut relevant_keys = HashMap::new();
@ -269,11 +268,9 @@ struct GetBucketInfoKey {

 pub async fn handle_create_bucket(
 	garage: &Arc<Garage>,
-	req: Request<IncomingBody>,
-) -> Result<Response<ResBody>, Error> {
-	let req = parse_json_body::<CreateBucketRequest, _, Error>(req).await?;
-
-	let helper = garage.locked_helper().await;
+	req: Request<Body>,
+) -> Result<Response<Body>, Error> {
+	let req = parse_json_body::<CreateBucketRequest>(req).await?;

 	if let Some(ga) = &req.global_alias {
 		if !is_valid_bucket_name(ga) {
@ -298,7 +295,10 @@ pub async fn handle_create_bucket(
 			)));
 		}

-		let key = helper.key().get_existing_key(&la.access_key_id).await?;
+		let key = garage
+			.key_helper()
+			.get_existing_key(&la.access_key_id)
+			.await?;
 		let state = key.state.as_option().unwrap();
 		if matches!(state.local_aliases.get(&la.alias), Some(_)) {
 			return Err(Error::bad_request("Local alias already exists"));
@ -309,16 +309,21 @@ pub async fn handle_create_bucket(
 	garage.bucket_table.insert(&bucket).await?;

 	if let Some(ga) = &req.global_alias {
-		helper.set_global_bucket_alias(bucket.id, ga).await?;
+		garage
+			.bucket_helper()
+			.set_global_bucket_alias(bucket.id, ga)
+			.await?;
 	}

 	if let Some(la) = &req.local_alias {
-		helper
+		garage
+			.bucket_helper()
 			.set_local_bucket_alias(bucket.id, &la.access_key_id, &la.alias)
 			.await?;

 		if la.allow.read || la.allow.write || la.allow.owner {
-			helper
+			garage
+				.bucket_helper()
 				.set_bucket_key_permissions(
 					bucket.id,
 					&la.access_key_id,
@ -355,16 +360,16 @@ struct CreateBucketLocalAlias {
 pub async fn handle_delete_bucket(
 	garage: &Arc<Garage>,
 	id: String,
-) -> Result<Response<ResBody>, Error> {
-	let helper = garage.locked_helper().await;
+) -> Result<Response<Body>, Error> {
+	let helper = garage.bucket_helper();

 	let bucket_id = parse_bucket_id(&id)?;

-	let mut bucket = helper.bucket().get_existing_bucket(bucket_id).await?;
+	let mut bucket = helper.get_existing_bucket(bucket_id).await?;
 	let state = bucket.state.as_option().unwrap();

 	// Check bucket is empty
-	if !helper.bucket().is_bucket_empty(bucket_id).await? {
+	if !helper.is_bucket_empty(bucket_id).await? {
 		return Err(CommonError::BucketNotEmpty.into());
 	}

@ -398,15 +403,15 @@ pub async fn handle_delete_bucket(

 	Ok(Response::builder()
 		.status(StatusCode::NO_CONTENT)
-		.body(empty_body())?)
+		.body(Body::empty())?)
 }

 pub async fn handle_update_bucket(
 	garage: &Arc<Garage>,
 	id: String,
-	req: Request<IncomingBody>,
-) -> Result<Response<ResBody>, Error> {
-	let req = parse_json_body::<UpdateBucketRequest, _, Error>(req).await?;
+	req: Request<Body>,
+) -> Result<Response<Body>, Error> {
+	let req = parse_json_body::<UpdateBucketRequest>(req).await?;
 	let bucket_id = parse_bucket_id(&id)?;

 	let mut bucket = garage
@ -465,19 +470,23 @@ struct UpdateBucketWebsiteAccess {

 pub async fn handle_bucket_change_key_perm(
 	garage: &Arc<Garage>,
-	req: Request<IncomingBody>,
+	req: Request<Body>,
 	new_perm_flag: bool,
-) -> Result<Response<ResBody>, Error> {
-	let req = parse_json_body::<BucketKeyPermChangeRequest, _, Error>(req).await?;
-
-	let helper = garage.locked_helper().await;
+) -> Result<Response<Body>, Error> {
+	let req = parse_json_body::<BucketKeyPermChangeRequest>(req).await?;

 	let bucket_id = parse_bucket_id(&req.bucket_id)?;

-	let bucket = helper.bucket().get_existing_bucket(bucket_id).await?;
+	let bucket = garage
+		.bucket_helper()
+		.get_existing_bucket(bucket_id)
+		.await?;
 	let state = bucket.state.as_option().unwrap();

-	let key = helper.key().get_existing_key(&req.access_key_id).await?;
+	let key = garage
+		.key_helper()
+		.get_existing_key(&req.access_key_id)
+		.await?;

 	let mut perm = state
 		.authorized_keys
@ -495,7 +504,8 @@ pub async fn handle_bucket_change_key_perm(
 		perm.allow_owner = new_perm_flag;
 	}

-	helper
+	garage
+		.bucket_helper()
 		.set_bucket_key_permissions(bucket.id, &key.key_id, perm)
 		.await?;

@ -516,12 +526,13 @@ pub async fn handle_global_alias_bucket(
 	garage: &Arc<Garage>,
 	bucket_id: String,
 	alias: String,
-) -> Result<Response<ResBody>, Error> {
+) -> Result<Response<Body>, Error> {
 	let bucket_id = parse_bucket_id(&bucket_id)?;

-	let helper = garage.locked_helper().await;
-
-	helper.set_global_bucket_alias(bucket_id, &alias).await?;
+	garage
+		.bucket_helper()
+		.set_global_bucket_alias(bucket_id, &alias)
+		.await?;

 	bucket_info_results(garage, bucket_id).await
 }
@ -530,12 +541,13 @@ pub async fn handle_global_unalias_bucket(
 	garage: &Arc<Garage>,
 	bucket_id: String,
 	alias: String,
-) -> Result<Response<ResBody>, Error> {
+) -> Result<Response<Body>, Error> {
 	let bucket_id = parse_bucket_id(&bucket_id)?;

-	let helper = garage.locked_helper().await;
-
-	helper.unset_global_bucket_alias(bucket_id, &alias).await?;
+	garage
+		.bucket_helper()
+		.unset_global_bucket_alias(bucket_id, &alias)
+		.await?;

 	bucket_info_results(garage, bucket_id).await
 }
@ -545,12 +557,11 @@ pub async fn handle_local_alias_bucket(
 	bucket_id: String,
 	access_key_id: String,
 	alias: String,
-) -> Result<Response<ResBody>, Error> {
+) -> Result<Response<Body>, Error> {
 	let bucket_id = parse_bucket_id(&bucket_id)?;

-	let helper = garage.locked_helper().await;
-
-	helper
+	garage
+		.bucket_helper()
 		.set_local_bucket_alias(bucket_id, &access_key_id, &alias)
 		.await?;

@ -562,12 +573,11 @@ pub async fn handle_local_unalias_bucket(
 	bucket_id: String,
 	access_key_id: String,
 	alias: String,
-) -> Result<Response<ResBody>, Error> {
+) -> Result<Response<Body>, Error> {
 	let bucket_id = parse_bucket_id(&bucket_id)?;

-	let helper = garage.locked_helper().await;
-
-	helper
+	garage
+		.bucket_helper()
 		.unset_local_bucket_alias(bucket_id, &access_key_id, &alias)
 		.await?;

--- a/src/api/admin/cluster.rs
+++ b/src/api/admin/cluster.rs
@ -1,8 +1,7 @@
-use std::collections::HashMap;
 use std::net::SocketAddr;
 use std::sync::Arc;

-use hyper::{body::Incoming as IncomingBody, Request, Response};
+use hyper::{Body, Request, Response};
 use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};

 use garage_util::crdt::*;
@ -12,110 +11,35 @@ use garage_rpc::layout;

 use garage_model::garage::Garage;

-use crate::admin::api_server::ResBody;
 use crate::admin::error::*;
 use crate::helpers::{json_ok_response, parse_json_body};

-pub async fn handle_get_cluster_status(garage: &Arc<Garage>) -> Result<Response<ResBody>, Error> {
-	let layout = garage.system.cluster_layout();
-	let mut nodes = garage
-		.system
-		.get_known_nodes()
-		.into_iter()
-		.map(|i| {
-			(
-				i.id,
-				NodeResp {
-					id: hex::encode(i.id),
-					addr: i.addr,
-					hostname: i.status.hostname,
-					is_up: i.is_up,
-					last_seen_secs_ago: i.last_seen_secs_ago,
-					data_partition: i
-						.status
-						.data_disk_avail
-						.map(|(avail, total)| FreeSpaceResp {
-							available: avail,
-							total,
-						}),
-					metadata_partition: i.status.meta_disk_avail.map(|(avail, total)| {
-						FreeSpaceResp {
-							available: avail,
-							total,
-						}
-					}),
-					..Default::default()
-				},
-			)
-		})
-		.collect::<HashMap<_, _>>();
-
-	for (id, _, role) in layout.current().roles.items().iter() {
-		if let layout::NodeRoleV(Some(r)) = role {
-			let role = NodeRoleResp {
-				id: hex::encode(id),
-				zone: r.zone.to_string(),
-				capacity: r.capacity,
-				tags: r.tags.clone(),
-			};
-			match nodes.get_mut(id) {
-				None => {
-					nodes.insert(
-						*id,
-						NodeResp {
-							id: hex::encode(id),
-							role: Some(role),
-							..Default::default()
-						},
-					);
-				}
-				Some(n) => {
-					n.role = Some(role);
-				}
-			}
-		}
-	}
-
-	for ver in layout.versions().iter().rev().skip(1) {
-		for (id, _, role) in ver.roles.items().iter() {
-			if let layout::NodeRoleV(Some(r)) = role {
-				if r.capacity.is_some() {
-					if let Some(n) = nodes.get_mut(id) {
-						if n.role.is_none() {
-							n.draining = true;
-						}
-					} else {
-						nodes.insert(
-							*id,
-							NodeResp {
-								id: hex::encode(id),
-								draining: true,
-								..Default::default()
-							},
-						);
-					}
-				}
-			}
-		}
-	}
-
-	let mut nodes = nodes.into_values().collect::<Vec<_>>();
-	nodes.sort_by(|x, y| x.id.cmp(&y.id));
-
+pub async fn handle_get_cluster_status(garage: &Arc<Garage>) -> Result<Response<Body>, Error> {
 	let res = GetClusterStatusResponse {
 		node: hex::encode(garage.system.id),
 		garage_version: garage_util::version::garage_version(),
 		garage_features: garage_util::version::garage_features(),
 		rust_version: garage_util::version::rust_version(),
 		db_engine: garage.db.engine(),
-		layout_version: layout.current().version,
-		nodes,
+		known_nodes: garage
+			.system
+			.get_known_nodes()
+			.into_iter()
+			.map(|i| KnownNodeResp {
+				id: hex::encode(i.id),
+				addr: i.addr,
+				is_up: i.is_up,
+				last_seen_secs_ago: i.last_seen_secs_ago,
+				hostname: i.status.hostname,
+			})
+			.collect(),
+		layout: format_cluster_layout(&garage.system.get_cluster_layout()),
 	};

 	Ok(json_ok_response(&res)?)
 }

-pub async fn handle_get_cluster_health(garage: &Arc<Garage>) -> Result<Response<ResBody>, Error> {
+pub async fn handle_get_cluster_health(garage: &Arc<Garage>) -> Result<Response<Body>, Error> {
 	use garage_rpc::system::ClusterHealthStatus;
 	let health = garage.system.health();
 	let health = ClusterHealth {
@ -137,9 +61,9 @@ pub async fn handle_get_cluster_health(garage: &Arc<Garage>) -> Result<Response<

 pub async fn handle_connect_cluster_nodes(
 	garage: &Arc<Garage>,
-	req: Request<IncomingBody>,
-) -> Result<Response<ResBody>, Error> {
-	let req = parse_json_body::<Vec<String>, _, Error>(req).await?;
+	req: Request<Body>,
+) -> Result<Response<Body>, Error> {
+	let req = parse_json_body::<Vec<String>>(req).await?;

 	let res = futures::future::join_all(req.iter().map(|node| garage.system.connect(node)))
 		.await
@ -159,15 +83,14 @@ pub async fn handle_connect_cluster_nodes(
 	Ok(json_ok_response(&res)?)
 }

-pub async fn handle_get_cluster_layout(garage: &Arc<Garage>) -> Result<Response<ResBody>, Error> {
-	let res = format_cluster_layout(garage.system.cluster_layout().inner());
+pub async fn handle_get_cluster_layout(garage: &Arc<Garage>) -> Result<Response<Body>, Error> {
+	let res = format_cluster_layout(&garage.system.get_cluster_layout());

 	Ok(json_ok_response(&res)?)
 }

-fn format_cluster_layout(layout: &layout::LayoutHistory) -> GetClusterLayoutResponse {
+fn format_cluster_layout(layout: &layout::ClusterLayout) -> GetClusterLayoutResponse {
 	let roles = layout
-		.current()
 		.roles
 		.items()
 		.iter()
@ -181,12 +104,10 @@ fn format_cluster_layout(layout: &layout::LayoutHistory) -> GetClusterLayoutResp
 		.collect::<Vec<_>>();

 	let staged_role_changes = layout
-		.staging
-		.get()
-		.roles
+		.staging_roles
 		.items()
 		.iter()
-		.filter(|(k, _, v)| layout.current().roles.get(k) != Some(v))
+		.filter(|(k, _, v)| layout.roles.get(k) != Some(v))
 		.map(|(k, _, v)| match &v.0 {
 			None => NodeRoleChange {
 				id: hex::encode(k),
@ -204,7 +125,7 @@ fn format_cluster_layout(layout: &layout::LayoutHistory) -> GetClusterLayoutResp
 		.collect::<Vec<_>>();

 	GetClusterLayoutResponse {
-		version: layout.current().version,
+		version: layout.version,
 		roles,
 		staged_role_changes,
 	}
@ -233,8 +154,8 @@ struct GetClusterStatusResponse {
 	garage_features: Option<&'static [&'static str]>,
 	rust_version: &'static str,
 	db_engine: String,
-	layout_version: u64,
-	nodes: Vec<NodeResp>,
+	known_nodes: Vec<KnownNodeResp>,
+	layout: GetClusterLayoutResponse,
 }

 #[derive(Serialize)]
@ -268,41 +189,28 @@ struct NodeRoleResp {
 	tags: Vec<String>,
 }

-#[derive(Serialize, Default)]
+#[derive(Serialize)]
 #[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
-struct FreeSpaceResp {
-	available: u64,
-	total: u64,
-}
-
-#[derive(Serialize, Default)]
-#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
-struct NodeResp {
+struct KnownNodeResp {
 	id: String,
-	role: Option<NodeRoleResp>,
-	addr: Option<SocketAddr>,
-	hostname: Option<String>,
+	addr: SocketAddr,
 	is_up: bool,
 	last_seen_secs_ago: Option<u64>,
-	draining: bool,
-	#[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
-	data_partition: Option<FreeSpaceResp>,
-	#[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
-	metadata_partition: Option<FreeSpaceResp>,
+	hostname: String,
 }

 // ---- update functions ----

 pub async fn handle_update_cluster_layout(
 	garage: &Arc<Garage>,
-	req: Request<IncomingBody>,
-) -> Result<Response<ResBody>, Error> {
-	let updates = parse_json_body::<UpdateClusterLayoutRequest, _, Error>(req).await?;
+	req: Request<Body>,
+) -> Result<Response<Body>, Error> {
+	let updates = parse_json_body::<UpdateClusterLayoutRequest>(req).await?;

-	let mut layout = garage.system.cluster_layout().inner().clone();
+	let mut layout = garage.system.get_cluster_layout();

-	let mut roles = layout.current().roles.clone();
-	roles.merge(&layout.staging.get().roles);
+	let mut roles = layout.roles.clone();
+	roles.merge(&layout.staging_roles);

 	for change in updates {
 		let node = hex::decode(&change.id).ok_or_bad_request("Invalid node identifier")?;
@ -323,17 +231,11 @@ pub async fn handle_update_cluster_layout(
 		};

 		layout
-			.staging
-			.get_mut()
-			.roles
+			.staging_roles
 			.merge(&roles.update_mutator(node, layout::NodeRoleV(new_role)));
 	}

-	garage
-		.system
-		.layout_manager
-		.update_cluster_layout(&layout)
-		.await?;
+	garage.system.update_cluster_layout(&layout).await?;

 	let res = format_cluster_layout(&layout);
 	Ok(json_ok_response(&res)?)
@ -341,18 +243,14 @@ pub async fn handle_update_cluster_layout(

 pub async fn handle_apply_cluster_layout(
 	garage: &Arc<Garage>,
-	req: Request<IncomingBody>,
-) -> Result<Response<ResBody>, Error> {
-	let param = parse_json_body::<ApplyLayoutRequest, _, Error>(req).await?;
+	req: Request<Body>,
+) -> Result<Response<Body>, Error> {
+	let param = parse_json_body::<ApplyRevertLayoutRequest>(req).await?;

-	let layout = garage.system.cluster_layout().inner().clone();
+	let layout = garage.system.get_cluster_layout();
 	let (layout, msg) = layout.apply_staged_changes(Some(param.version))?;

-	garage
-		.system
-		.layout_manager
-		.update_cluster_layout(&layout)
-		.await?;
+	garage.system.update_cluster_layout(&layout).await?;

 	let res = ApplyClusterLayoutResponse {
 		message: msg,
@ -363,14 +261,13 @@ pub async fn handle_apply_cluster_layout(

 pub async fn handle_revert_cluster_layout(
 	garage: &Arc<Garage>,
-) -> Result<Response<ResBody>, Error> {
-	let layout = garage.system.cluster_layout().inner().clone();
-	let layout = layout.revert_staged_changes()?;
-	garage
-		.system
-		.layout_manager
-		.update_cluster_layout(&layout)
-		.await?;
+	req: Request<Body>,
+) -> Result<Response<Body>, Error> {
+	let param = parse_json_body::<ApplyRevertLayoutRequest>(req).await?;
+
+	let layout = garage.system.get_cluster_layout();
+	let layout = layout.revert_staged_changes(Some(param.version))?;
+	garage.system.update_cluster_layout(&layout).await?;

 	let res = format_cluster_layout(&layout);
 	Ok(json_ok_response(&res)?)
@ -382,7 +279,7 @@ type UpdateClusterLayoutRequest = Vec<NodeRoleChange>;

 #[derive(Deserialize)]
 #[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
-struct ApplyLayoutRequest {
+struct ApplyRevertLayoutRequest {
 	version: u64,
 }

--- a/src/api/admin/error.rs
+++ b/src/api/admin/error.rs
@ -1,13 +1,13 @@
 use err_derive::Error;
 use hyper::header::HeaderValue;
-use hyper::{HeaderMap, StatusCode};
+use hyper::{Body, HeaderMap, StatusCode};

 pub use garage_model::helper::error::Error as HelperError;

 use crate::common_error::CommonError;
 pub use crate::common_error::{CommonErrorDerivative, OkOrBadRequest, OkOrInternalError};
 use crate::generic_server::ApiError;
-use crate::helpers::*;
+use crate::helpers::CustomApiErrorBody;

 /// Errors of this crate
 #[derive(Debug, Error)]
@ -40,6 +40,18 @@ where

 impl CommonErrorDerivative for Error {}

+impl From<HelperError> for Error {
+	fn from(err: HelperError) -> Self {
+		match err {
+			HelperError::Internal(i) => Self::Common(CommonError::InternalError(i)),
+			HelperError::BadRequest(b) => Self::Common(CommonError::BadRequest(b)),
+			HelperError::InvalidBucketName(n) => Self::Common(CommonError::InvalidBucketName(n)),
+			HelperError::NoSuchBucket(n) => Self::Common(CommonError::NoSuchBucket(n)),
+			HelperError::NoSuchAccessKey(n) => Self::NoSuchAccessKey(n),
+		}
+	}
+}
+
 impl Error {
 	fn code(&self) -> &'static str {
 		match self {
@ -65,14 +77,14 @@ impl ApiError for Error {
 		header_map.append(header::CONTENT_TYPE, "application/json".parse().unwrap());
 	}

-	fn http_body(&self, garage_region: &str, path: &str) -> ErrorBody {
+	fn http_body(&self, garage_region: &str, path: &str) -> Body {
 		let error = CustomApiErrorBody {
 			code: self.code().to_string(),
 			message: format!("{}", self),
 			path: path.to_string(),
 			region: garage_region.to_string(),
 		};
-		let error_str = serde_json::to_string_pretty(&error).unwrap_or_else(|_| {
+		Body::from(serde_json::to_string_pretty(&error).unwrap_or_else(|_| {
 			r#"
 {
 	"code": "InternalError",
@ -80,7 +92,6 @@ impl ApiError for Error {
 }
 			"#
 			.into()
-		});
-		error_body(error_str)
+		}))
 	}
 }
--- a/src/api/admin/key.rs
+++ b/src/api/admin/key.rs
@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 use std::collections::HashMap;
 use std::sync::Arc;

-use hyper::{body::Incoming as IncomingBody, Request, Response, StatusCode};
+use hyper::{Body, Request, Response, StatusCode};
 use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};

 use garage_table::*;
@ -9,11 +9,10 @@ use garage_table::*;
 use garage_model::garage::Garage;
 use garage_model::key_table::*;

-use crate::admin::api_server::ResBody;
 use crate::admin::error::*;
-use crate::helpers::*;
+use crate::helpers::{is_default, json_ok_response, parse_json_body};

-pub async fn handle_list_keys(garage: &Arc<Garage>) -> Result<Response<ResBody>, Error> {
+pub async fn handle_list_keys(garage: &Arc<Garage>) -> Result<Response<Body>, Error> {
 	let res = garage
 		.key_table
 		.get_range(
@ -46,7 +45,7 @@ pub async fn handle_get_key_info(
 	id: Option<String>,
 	search: Option<String>,
 	show_secret_key: bool,
-) -> Result<Response<ResBody>, Error> {
+) -> Result<Response<Body>, Error> {
 	let key = if let Some(id) = id {
 		garage.key_helper().get_existing_key(&id).await?
 	} else if let Some(search) = search {
@ -63,9 +62,9 @@ pub async fn handle_get_key_info(

 pub async fn handle_create_key(
 	garage: &Arc<Garage>,
-	req: Request<IncomingBody>,
-) -> Result<Response<ResBody>, Error> {
-	let req = parse_json_body::<CreateKeyRequest, _, Error>(req).await?;
+	req: Request<Body>,
+) -> Result<Response<Body>, Error> {
+	let req = parse_json_body::<CreateKeyRequest>(req).await?;

 	let key = Key::new(req.name.as_deref().unwrap_or("Unnamed key"));
 	garage.key_table.insert(&key).await?;
@ -81,9 +80,9 @@ struct CreateKeyRequest {

 pub async fn handle_import_key(
 	garage: &Arc<Garage>,
-	req: Request<IncomingBody>,
-) -> Result<Response<ResBody>, Error> {
-	let req = parse_json_body::<ImportKeyRequest, _, Error>(req).await?;
+	req: Request<Body>,
+) -> Result<Response<Body>, Error> {
+	let req = parse_json_body::<ImportKeyRequest>(req).await?;

 	let prev_key = garage.key_table.get(&EmptyKey, &req.access_key_id).await?;
 	if prev_key.is_some() {
@ -112,9 +111,9 @@ struct ImportKeyRequest {
 pub async fn handle_update_key(
 	garage: &Arc<Garage>,
 	id: String,
-	req: Request<IncomingBody>,
-) -> Result<Response<ResBody>, Error> {
-	let req = parse_json_body::<UpdateKeyRequest, _, Error>(req).await?;
+	req: Request<Body>,
+) -> Result<Response<Body>, Error> {
+	let req = parse_json_body::<UpdateKeyRequest>(req).await?;

 	let mut key = garage.key_helper().get_existing_key(&id).await?;

@ -147,26 +146,23 @@ struct UpdateKeyRequest {
 	deny: Option<KeyPerm>,
 }

-pub async fn handle_delete_key(
-	garage: &Arc<Garage>,
-	id: String,
-) -> Result<Response<ResBody>, Error> {
-	let helper = garage.locked_helper().await;
+pub async fn handle_delete_key(garage: &Arc<Garage>, id: String) -> Result<Response<Body>, Error> {
+	let mut key = garage.key_helper().get_existing_key(&id).await?;

-	let mut key = helper.key().get_existing_key(&id).await?;
+	key.state.as_option().unwrap();

-	helper.delete_key(&mut key).await?;
+	garage.key_helper().delete_key(&mut key).await?;

 	Ok(Response::builder()
 		.status(StatusCode::NO_CONTENT)
-		.body(empty_body())?)
+		.body(Body::empty())?)
 }

 async fn key_info_results(
 	garage: &Arc<Garage>,
 	key: Key,
 	show_secret: bool,
-) -> Result<Response<ResBody>, Error> {
+) -> Result<Response<Body>, Error> {
 	let mut relevant_buckets = HashMap::new();

 	let key_state = key.state.as_option().unwrap();
--- a/src/api/common_error.rs
+++ b/src/api/common_error.rs
@ -3,8 +3,6 @@ use hyper::StatusCode;

 use garage_util::error::Error as GarageError;

-use garage_model::helper::error::Error as HelperError;
-
 /// Errors of this crate
 #[derive(Debug, Error)]
 pub enum CommonError {
@ -30,10 +28,6 @@ pub enum CommonError {
 	#[error(display = "Bad request: {}", _0)]
 	BadRequest(String),

-	/// The client sent a header with invalid value
-	#[error(display = "Invalid header value: {}", _0)]
-	InvalidHeader(#[error(source)] hyper::header::ToStrError),
-
 	// ---- SPECIFIC ERROR CONDITIONS ----
 	// These have to be error codes referenced in the S3 spec here:
 	// https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonS3/latest/API/ErrorResponses.html#ErrorCodeList
@ -59,7 +53,9 @@ impl CommonError {
 	pub fn http_status_code(&self) -> StatusCode {
 		match self {
 			CommonError::InternalError(
-				GarageError::Timeout | GarageError::RemoteError(_) | GarageError::Quorum(..),
+				GarageError::Timeout
+				| GarageError::RemoteError(_)
+				| GarageError::Quorum(_, _, _, _),
 			) => StatusCode::SERVICE_UNAVAILABLE,
 			CommonError::InternalError(_) | CommonError::Hyper(_) | CommonError::Http(_) => {
 				StatusCode::INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR
@ -68,9 +64,7 @@ impl CommonError {
 			CommonError::Forbidden(_) => StatusCode::FORBIDDEN,
 			CommonError::NoSuchBucket(_) => StatusCode::NOT_FOUND,
 			CommonError::BucketNotEmpty | CommonError::BucketAlreadyExists => StatusCode::CONFLICT,
-			CommonError::InvalidBucketName(_) | CommonError::InvalidHeader(_) => {
-				StatusCode::BAD_REQUEST
-			}
+			CommonError::InvalidBucketName(_) => StatusCode::BAD_REQUEST,
 		}
 	}

@ -78,7 +72,9 @@ impl CommonError {
 		match self {
 			CommonError::Forbidden(_) => "AccessDenied",
 			CommonError::InternalError(
-				GarageError::Timeout | GarageError::RemoteError(_) | GarageError::Quorum(..),
+				GarageError::Timeout
+				| GarageError::RemoteError(_)
+				| GarageError::Quorum(_, _, _, _),
 			) => "ServiceUnavailable",
 			CommonError::InternalError(_) | CommonError::Hyper(_) | CommonError::Http(_) => {
 				"InternalError"
@ -88,7 +84,6 @@ impl CommonError {
 			CommonError::BucketAlreadyExists => "BucketAlreadyExists",
 			CommonError::BucketNotEmpty => "BucketNotEmpty",
 			CommonError::InvalidBucketName(_) => "InvalidBucketName",
-			CommonError::InvalidHeader(_) => "InvalidHeaderValue",
 		}
 	}

@ -97,18 +92,6 @@ impl CommonError {
 	}
 }

-impl From<HelperError> for CommonError {
-	fn from(err: HelperError) -> Self {
-		match err {
-			HelperError::Internal(i) => Self::InternalError(i),
-			HelperError::BadRequest(b) => Self::BadRequest(b),
-			HelperError::InvalidBucketName(n) => Self::InvalidBucketName(n),
-			HelperError::NoSuchBucket(n) => Self::NoSuchBucket(n),
-			e => Self::bad_request(format!("{}", e)),
-		}
-	}
-}
-
 pub trait CommonErrorDerivative: From<CommonError> {
 	fn internal_error<M: ToString>(msg: M) -> Self {
 		Self::from(CommonError::InternalError(GarageError::Message(
--- a/src/api/generic_server.rs
+++ b/src/api/generic_server.rs
@ -1,26 +1,20 @@
-use std::convert::Infallible;
 use std::fs::{self, Permissions};
 use std::os::unix::fs::PermissionsExt;
 use std::sync::Arc;
-use std::time::Duration;

 use async_trait::async_trait;

 use futures::future::Future;
-use futures::stream::{futures_unordered::FuturesUnordered, StreamExt};

-use http_body_util::BodyExt;
 use hyper::header::HeaderValue;
-use hyper::server::conn::http1;
-use hyper::service::service_fn;
-use hyper::{body::Incoming as IncomingBody, Request, Response};
+use hyper::server::conn::AddrStream;
+use hyper::service::{make_service_fn, service_fn};
+use hyper::{Body, Request, Response, Server};
 use hyper::{HeaderMap, StatusCode};
-use hyper_util::rt::TokioIo;

-use tokio::io::{AsyncRead, AsyncWrite};
-use tokio::net::{TcpListener, TcpStream, UnixListener, UnixStream};
-use tokio::sync::watch;
-use tokio::time::{sleep_until, Instant};
+use hyperlocal::UnixServerExt;
+
+use tokio::net::UnixStream;

 use opentelemetry::{
 	global,
@ -34,8 +28,6 @@ use garage_util::forwarded_headers;
 use garage_util::metrics::{gen_trace_id, RecordDuration};
 use garage_util::socket_address::UnixOrTCPSocketAddress;

-use crate::helpers::{BoxBody, ErrorBody};
-
 pub(crate) trait ApiEndpoint: Send + Sync + 'static {
 	fn name(&self) -> &'static str;
 	fn add_span_attributes(&self, span: SpanRef<'_>);
@ -44,7 +36,7 @@ pub(crate) trait ApiEndpoint: Send + Sync + 'static {
 pub trait ApiError: std::error::Error + Send + Sync + 'static {
 	fn http_status_code(&self) -> StatusCode;
 	fn add_http_headers(&self, header_map: &mut HeaderMap<HeaderValue>);
-	fn http_body(&self, garage_region: &str, path: &str) -> ErrorBody;
+	fn http_body(&self, garage_region: &str, path: &str) -> Body;
 }

 #[async_trait]
@ -55,12 +47,12 @@ pub(crate) trait ApiHandler: Send + Sync + 'static {
 	type Endpoint: ApiEndpoint;
 	type Error: ApiError;

-	fn parse_endpoint(&self, r: &Request<IncomingBody>) -> Result<Self::Endpoint, Self::Error>;
+	fn parse_endpoint(&self, r: &Request<Body>) -> Result<Self::Endpoint, Self::Error>;
 	async fn handle(
 		&self,
-		req: Request<IncomingBody>,
+		req: Request<Body>,
 		endpoint: Self::Endpoint,
-	) -> Result<Response<BoxBody<Self::Error>>, Self::Error>;
+	) -> Result<Response<Body>, Self::Error>;
 }

 pub(crate) struct ApiServer<A: ApiHandler> {
@ -107,42 +99,74 @@ impl<A: ApiHandler> ApiServer<A> {
 		self: Arc<Self>,
 		bind_addr: UnixOrTCPSocketAddress,
 		unix_bind_addr_mode: Option<u32>,
-		must_exit: watch::Receiver<bool>,
+		shutdown_signal: impl Future<Output = ()>,
 	) -> Result<(), GarageError> {
-		let server_name = format!("{} API", A::API_NAME_DISPLAY);
-		info!("{} server listening on {}", server_name, bind_addr);
+		let tcp_service = make_service_fn(|conn: &AddrStream| {
+			let this = self.clone();
+
+			let client_addr = conn.remote_addr();
+			async move {
+				Ok::<_, GarageError>(service_fn(move |req: Request<Body>| {
+					let this = this.clone();
+
+					this.handler(req, client_addr.to_string())
+				}))
+			}
+		});
+
+		let unix_service = make_service_fn(|_: &UnixStream| {
+			let this = self.clone();
+
+			let path = bind_addr.to_string();
+			async move {
+				Ok::<_, GarageError>(service_fn(move |req: Request<Body>| {
+					let this = this.clone();
+
+					this.handler(req, path.clone())
+				}))
+			}
+		});
+
+		info!(
+			"{} API server listening on {}",
+			A::API_NAME_DISPLAY,
+			bind_addr
+		);

 		match bind_addr {
 			UnixOrTCPSocketAddress::TCPSocket(addr) => {
-				let listener = TcpListener::bind(addr).await?;
-
-				let handler = move |request, socketaddr| self.clone().handler(request, socketaddr);
-				server_loop(server_name, listener, handler, must_exit).await
+				Server::bind(&addr)
+					.serve(tcp_service)
+					.with_graceful_shutdown(shutdown_signal)
+					.await?
 			}
 			UnixOrTCPSocketAddress::UnixSocket(ref path) => {
 				if path.exists() {
 					fs::remove_file(path)?
 				}

-				let listener = UnixListener::bind(path)?;
-				let listener = UnixListenerOn(listener, path.display().to_string());
+				let bound = Server::bind_unix(path)?;

 				fs::set_permissions(
 					path,
 					Permissions::from_mode(unix_bind_addr_mode.unwrap_or(0o222)),
 				)?;

-				let handler = move |request, socketaddr| self.clone().handler(request, socketaddr);
-				server_loop(server_name, listener, handler, must_exit).await
+				bound
+					.serve(unix_service)
+					.with_graceful_shutdown(shutdown_signal)
+					.await?;
 			}
-		}
+		};
+
+		Ok(())
 	}

 	async fn handler(
 		self: Arc<Self>,
-		req: Request<IncomingBody>,
+		req: Request<Body>,
 		addr: String,
-	) -> Result<Response<BoxBody<A::Error>>, http::Error> {
+	) -> Result<Response<Body>, GarageError> {
 		let uri = req.uri().clone();

 		if let Ok(forwarded_for_ip_addr) =
@ -181,7 +205,7 @@ impl<A: ApiHandler> ApiServer<A> {
 				Ok(x)
 			}
 			Err(e) => {
-				let body = e.http_body(&self.region, uri.path());
+				let body: Body = e.http_body(&self.region, uri.path());
 				let mut http_error_builder = Response::builder().status(e.http_status_code());

 				if let Some(header_map) = http_error_builder.headers_mut() {
@ -195,16 +219,12 @@ impl<A: ApiHandler> ApiServer<A> {
 				} else {
 					info!("Response: error {}, {}", e.http_status_code(), e);
 				}
-				Ok(http_error
-					.map(|body| BoxBody::new(body.map_err(|_: Infallible| unreachable!()))))
+				Ok(http_error)
 			}
 		}
 	}

-	async fn handler_stage2(
-		&self,
-		req: Request<IncomingBody>,
-	) -> Result<Response<BoxBody<A::Error>>, A::Error> {
+	async fn handler_stage2(&self, req: Request<Body>) -> Result<Response<Body>, A::Error> {
 		let endpoint = self.api_handler.parse_endpoint(&req)?;
 		debug!("Endpoint: {}", endpoint.name());

@ -245,134 +265,3 @@ impl<A: ApiHandler> ApiServer<A> {
 		res
 	}
 }
-
-// ==== helper functions ====
-
-#[async_trait]
-pub trait Accept: Send + Sync + 'static {
-	type Stream: AsyncRead + AsyncWrite + Send + Sync + 'static;
-	async fn accept(&self) -> std::io::Result<(Self::Stream, String)>;
-}
-
-#[async_trait]
-impl Accept for TcpListener {
-	type Stream = TcpStream;
-	async fn accept(&self) -> std::io::Result<(Self::Stream, String)> {
-		self.accept()
-			.await
-			.map(|(stream, addr)| (stream, addr.to_string()))
-	}
-}
-
-pub struct UnixListenerOn(pub UnixListener, pub String);
-
-#[async_trait]
-impl Accept for UnixListenerOn {
-	type Stream = UnixStream;
-	async fn accept(&self) -> std::io::Result<(Self::Stream, String)> {
-		self.0
-			.accept()
-			.await
-			.map(|(stream, _addr)| (stream, self.1.clone()))
-	}
-}
-
-pub async fn server_loop<A, H, F, E>(
-	server_name: String,
-	listener: A,
-	handler: H,
-	mut must_exit: watch::Receiver<bool>,
-) -> Result<(), GarageError>
-where
-	A: Accept,
-	H: Fn(Request<IncomingBody>, String) -> F + Send + Sync + Clone + 'static,
-	F: Future<Output = Result<Response<BoxBody<E>>, http::Error>> + Send + 'static,
-	E: Send + Sync + std::error::Error + 'static,
-{
-	let (conn_in, mut conn_out) = tokio::sync::mpsc::unbounded_channel();
-	let connection_collector = tokio::spawn({
-		let server_name = server_name.clone();
-		async move {
-			let mut connections = FuturesUnordered::<tokio::task::JoinHandle<()>>::new();
-			loop {
-				let collect_next = async {
-					if connections.is_empty() {
-						futures::future::pending().await
-					} else {
-						connections.next().await
-					}
-				};
-				tokio::select! {
-					result = collect_next => {
-						trace!("{} server: HTTP connection finished: {:?}", server_name, result);
-					}
-					new_fut = conn_out.recv() => {
-						match new_fut {
-							Some(f) => connections.push(f),
-							None => break,
-						}
-					}
-				}
-			}
-			let deadline = Instant::now() + Duration::from_secs(10);
-			while !connections.is_empty() {
-				info!(
-					"{} server: {} connections still open, deadline in {:.2}s",
-					server_name,
-					connections.len(),
-					(deadline - Instant::now()).as_secs_f32(),
-				);
-				tokio::select! {
-					conn_res = connections.next() => {
-						trace!(
-							"{} server: HTTP connection finished: {:?}",
-							server_name,
-							conn_res.unwrap(),
-						);
-					}
-					_ = sleep_until(deadline) => {
-						warn!("{} server: exit deadline reached with {} connections still open, killing them now",
-							server_name,
-							connections.len());
-						for conn in connections.iter() {
-							conn.abort();
-						}
-						for conn in connections {
-							assert!(conn.await.unwrap_err().is_cancelled());
-						}
-						break;
-					}
-				}
-			}
-		}
-	});
-
-	while !*must_exit.borrow() {
-		let (stream, client_addr) = tokio::select! {
-			acc = listener.accept() => acc?,
-			_ = must_exit.changed() => continue,
-		};
-
-		let io = TokioIo::new(stream);
-
-		let handler = handler.clone();
-		let serve = move |req: Request<IncomingBody>| handler(req, client_addr.clone());
-
-		let fut = tokio::task::spawn(async move {
-			let io = Box::pin(io);
-			if let Err(e) = http1::Builder::new()
-				.serve_connection(io, service_fn(serve))
-				.await
-			{
-				debug!("Error handling HTTP connection: {}", e);
-			}
-		});
-		conn_in.send(fut)?;
-	}
-
-	info!("{} server exiting", server_name);
-	drop(conn_in);
-	connection_collector.await?;
-
-	Ok(())
-}
--- a/src/api/helpers.rs
+++ b/src/api/helpers.rs
@ -1,22 +1,7 @@
-use std::convert::Infallible;
-use std::sync::Arc;
-
-use futures::{Stream, StreamExt, TryStreamExt};
-
-use http_body_util::{BodyExt, Full as FullBody};
-use hyper::{
-	body::{Body, Bytes},
-	Request, Response,
-};
+use hyper::{Body, Request, Response};
 use idna::domain_to_unicode;
 use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};

-use garage_model::bucket_table::BucketParams;
-use garage_model::garage::Garage;
-use garage_model::key_table::Key;
-use garage_util::data::Uuid;
-use garage_util::error::Error as GarageError;
-
 use crate::common_error::{CommonError as Error, *};

 /// What kind of authorization is required to perform a given action
@ -32,15 +17,6 @@ pub enum Authorization {
 	Owner,
 }

-/// The values which are known for each request related to a bucket
-pub struct ReqCtx {
-	pub garage: Arc<Garage>,
-	pub bucket_id: Uuid,
-	pub bucket_name: String,
-	pub bucket_params: BucketParams,
-	pub api_key: Key,
-}
-
 /// Host to bucket
 ///
 /// Convert a host, like "bucket.garage-site.tld" to the corresponding bucket "bucket",
@ -162,64 +138,18 @@ pub fn key_after_prefix(pfx: &str) -> Option<String> {
 	None
 }

-// =============== body helpers =================
-
-pub type EmptyBody = http_body_util::Empty<bytes::Bytes>;
-pub type ErrorBody = FullBody<bytes::Bytes>;
-pub type BoxBody<E> = http_body_util::combinators::BoxBody<bytes::Bytes, E>;
-
-pub fn string_body<E>(s: String) -> BoxBody<E> {
-	bytes_body(bytes::Bytes::from(s.into_bytes()))
-}
-pub fn bytes_body<E>(b: bytes::Bytes) -> BoxBody<E> {
-	BoxBody::new(FullBody::new(b).map_err(|_: Infallible| unreachable!()))
-}
-pub fn empty_body<E>() -> BoxBody<E> {
-	BoxBody::new(http_body_util::Empty::new().map_err(|_: Infallible| unreachable!()))
-}
-pub fn error_body(s: String) -> ErrorBody {
-	ErrorBody::from(bytes::Bytes::from(s.into_bytes()))
-}
-
-pub async fn parse_json_body<T, B, E>(req: Request<B>) -> Result<T, E>
-where
-	T: for<'de> Deserialize<'de>,
-	B: Body,
-	E: From<<B as Body>::Error> + From<Error>,
-{
-	let body = req.into_body().collect().await?.to_bytes();
+pub async fn parse_json_body<T: for<'de> Deserialize<'de>>(req: Request<Body>) -> Result<T, Error> {
+	let body = hyper::body::to_bytes(req.into_body()).await?;
 	let resp: T = serde_json::from_slice(&body).ok_or_bad_request("Invalid JSON")?;
 	Ok(resp)
 }

-pub fn json_ok_response<E, T: Serialize>(res: &T) -> Result<Response<BoxBody<E>>, E>
-where
-	E: From<Error>,
-{
-	let resp_json = serde_json::to_string_pretty(res)
-		.map_err(GarageError::from)
-		.map_err(Error::from)?;
+pub fn json_ok_response<T: Serialize>(res: &T) -> Result<Response<Body>, Error> {
+	let resp_json = serde_json::to_string_pretty(res).map_err(garage_util::error::Error::from)?;
 	Ok(Response::builder()
 		.status(hyper::StatusCode::OK)
 		.header(http::header::CONTENT_TYPE, "application/json")
-		.body(string_body(resp_json))
-		.unwrap())
-}
-
-pub fn body_stream<B, E>(body: B) -> impl Stream<Item = Result<Bytes, E>>
-where
-	B: Body<Data = Bytes>,
-	<B as Body>::Error: Into<E>,
-	E: From<Error>,
-{
-	let stream = http_body_util::BodyStream::new(body);
-	let stream = TryStreamExt::map_err(stream, Into::into);
-	stream.map(|x| {
-		x.and_then(|f| {
-			f.into_data()
-				.map_err(|_| E::from(Error::bad_request("non-data frame")))
-		})
-	})
+		.body(Body::from(resp_json))?)
 }

 pub fn is_default<T: Default + PartialEq>(v: &T) -> bool {
--- a/src/api/k2v/api_server.rs
+++ b/src/api/k2v/api_server.rs
@ -2,8 +2,8 @@ use std::sync::Arc;

 use async_trait::async_trait;

-use hyper::{body::Incoming as IncomingBody, Method, Request, Response};
-use tokio::sync::watch;
+use futures::future::Future;
+use hyper::{Body, Method, Request, Response};

 use opentelemetry::{trace::SpanRef, KeyValue};

@ -15,7 +15,8 @@ use garage_model::garage::Garage;
 use crate::generic_server::*;
 use crate::k2v::error::*;

-use crate::signature::verify_request;
+use crate::signature::payload::check_payload_signature;
+use crate::signature::streaming::*;

 use crate::helpers::*;
 use crate::k2v::batch::*;
@ -24,9 +25,6 @@ use crate::k2v::item::*;
 use crate::k2v::router::Endpoint;
 use crate::s3::cors::*;

-pub use crate::signature::streaming::ReqBody;
-pub type ResBody = BoxBody<Error>;
-
 pub struct K2VApiServer {
 	garage: Arc<Garage>,
 }
@ -41,10 +39,10 @@ impl K2VApiServer {
 		garage: Arc<Garage>,
 		bind_addr: UnixOrTCPSocketAddress,
 		s3_region: String,
-		must_exit: watch::Receiver<bool>,
+		shutdown_signal: impl Future<Output = ()>,
 	) -> Result<(), GarageError> {
 		ApiServer::new(s3_region, K2VApiServer { garage })
-			.run_server(bind_addr, None, must_exit)
+			.run_server(bind_addr, None, shutdown_signal)
 			.await
 	}
 }
@ -57,7 +55,7 @@ impl ApiHandler for K2VApiServer {
 	type Endpoint = K2VApiEndpoint;
 	type Error = Error;

-	fn parse_endpoint(&self, req: &Request<IncomingBody>) -> Result<K2VApiEndpoint, Error> {
+	fn parse_endpoint(&self, req: &Request<Body>) -> Result<K2VApiEndpoint, Error> {
 		let (endpoint, bucket_name) = Endpoint::from_request(req)?;

 		Ok(K2VApiEndpoint {
@ -68,24 +66,33 @@ impl ApiHandler for K2VApiServer {

 	async fn handle(
 		&self,
-		req: Request<IncomingBody>,
+		req: Request<Body>,
 		endpoint: K2VApiEndpoint,
-	) -> Result<Response<ResBody>, Error> {
+	) -> Result<Response<Body>, Error> {
 		let K2VApiEndpoint {
 			bucket_name,
 			endpoint,
 		} = endpoint;
 		let garage = self.garage.clone();

-		// The OPTIONS method is processed early, before we even check for an API key
+		// The OPTIONS method is procesed early, before we even check for an API key
 		if let Endpoint::Options = endpoint {
-			let options_res = handle_options_api(garage, &req, Some(bucket_name))
+			return Ok(handle_options_s3api(garage, &req, Some(bucket_name))
 				.await
-				.ok_or_bad_request("Error handling OPTIONS")?;
-			return Ok(options_res.map(|_empty_body: EmptyBody| empty_body()));
+				.ok_or_bad_request("Error handling OPTIONS")?);
 		}

-		let (req, api_key, _content_sha256) = verify_request(&garage, req, "k2v").await?;
+		let (api_key, mut content_sha256) = check_payload_signature(&garage, "k2v", &req).await?;
+		let api_key = api_key
+			.ok_or_else(|| Error::forbidden("Garage does not support anonymous access yet"))?;
+
+		let req = parse_streaming_body(
+			&api_key,
+			req,
+			&mut content_sha256,
+			&garage.config.s3_api.s3_region,
+			"k2v",
+		)?;

 		let bucket_id = garage
 			.bucket_helper()
@ -95,7 +102,6 @@ impl ApiHandler for K2VApiServer {
 			.bucket_helper()
 			.get_existing_bucket(bucket_id)
 			.await?;
-		let bucket_params = bucket.state.into_option().unwrap();

 		let allowed = match endpoint.authorization_type() {
 			Authorization::Read => api_key.allow_read(&bucket_id),
@ -113,42 +119,40 @@ impl ApiHandler for K2VApiServer {
 		// are always preflighted, i.e. the browser should make
 		// an OPTIONS call before to check it is allowed
 		let matching_cors_rule = match *req.method() {
-			Method::GET | Method::HEAD | Method::POST => {
-				find_matching_cors_rule(&bucket_params, &req)
-					.ok_or_internal_error("Error looking up CORS rule")?
-					.cloned()
-			}
+			Method::GET | Method::HEAD | Method::POST => find_matching_cors_rule(&bucket, &req)
+				.ok_or_internal_error("Error looking up CORS rule")?,
 			_ => None,
 		};

-		let ctx = ReqCtx {
-			garage,
-			bucket_id,
-			bucket_name,
-			bucket_params,
-			api_key,
-		};
-
 		let resp = match endpoint {
 			Endpoint::DeleteItem {
 				partition_key,
 				sort_key,
-			} => handle_delete_item(ctx, req, &partition_key, &sort_key).await,
+			} => handle_delete_item(garage, req, bucket_id, &partition_key, &sort_key).await,
 			Endpoint::InsertItem {
 				partition_key,
 				sort_key,
-			} => handle_insert_item(ctx, req, &partition_key, &sort_key).await,
+			} => handle_insert_item(garage, req, bucket_id, &partition_key, &sort_key).await,
 			Endpoint::ReadItem {
 				partition_key,
 				sort_key,
-			} => handle_read_item(ctx, &req, &partition_key, &sort_key).await,
+			} => handle_read_item(garage, &req, bucket_id, &partition_key, &sort_key).await,
 			Endpoint::PollItem {
 				partition_key,
 				sort_key,
 				causality_token,
 				timeout,
 			} => {
-				handle_poll_item(ctx, &req, partition_key, sort_key, causality_token, timeout).await
+				handle_poll_item(
+					garage,
+					&req,
+					bucket_id,
+					partition_key,
+					sort_key,
+					causality_token,
+					timeout,
+				)
+				.await
 			}
 			Endpoint::ReadIndex {
 				prefix,
@ -156,12 +160,12 @@ impl ApiHandler for K2VApiServer {
 				end,
 				limit,
 				reverse,
-			} => handle_read_index(ctx, prefix, start, end, limit, reverse).await,
-			Endpoint::InsertBatch {} => handle_insert_batch(ctx, req).await,
-			Endpoint::ReadBatch {} => handle_read_batch(ctx, req).await,
-			Endpoint::DeleteBatch {} => handle_delete_batch(ctx, req).await,
+			} => handle_read_index(garage, bucket_id, prefix, start, end, limit, reverse).await,
+			Endpoint::InsertBatch {} => handle_insert_batch(garage, bucket_id, req).await,
+			Endpoint::ReadBatch {} => handle_read_batch(garage, bucket_id, req).await,
+			Endpoint::DeleteBatch {} => handle_delete_batch(garage, bucket_id, req).await,
 			Endpoint::PollRange { partition_key } => {
-				handle_poll_range(ctx, &partition_key, req).await
+				handle_poll_range(garage, bucket_id, &partition_key, req).await
 			}
 			Endpoint::Options => unreachable!(),
 		};
@ -170,7 +174,7 @@ impl ApiHandler for K2VApiServer {
 		// add the corresponding CORS headers to the response
 		let mut resp_ok = resp?;
 		if let Some(rule) = matching_cors_rule {
-			add_cors_headers(&mut resp_ok, &rule)
+			add_cors_headers(&mut resp_ok, rule)
 				.ok_or_internal_error("Invalid bucket CORS configuration")?;
 		}

--- a/src/api/k2v/batch.rs
+++ b/src/api/k2v/batch.rs
@ -1,25 +1,27 @@
+use std::sync::Arc;
+
 use base64::prelude::*;
-use hyper::{Request, Response, StatusCode};
+use hyper::{Body, Request, Response, StatusCode};
 use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};

+use garage_util::data::*;
+
 use garage_table::{EnumerationOrder, TableSchema};

+use garage_model::garage::Garage;
 use garage_model::k2v::causality::*;
 use garage_model::k2v::item_table::*;

 use crate::helpers::*;
-use crate::k2v::api_server::{ReqBody, ResBody};
 use crate::k2v::error::*;
 use crate::k2v::range::read_range;

 pub async fn handle_insert_batch(
-	ctx: ReqCtx,
-	req: Request<ReqBody>,
-) -> Result<Response<ResBody>, Error> {
-	let ReqCtx {
-		garage, bucket_id, ..
-	} = &ctx;
-	let items = parse_json_body::<Vec<InsertBatchItem>, _, Error>(req).await?;
+	garage: Arc<Garage>,
+	bucket_id: Uuid,
+	req: Request<Body>,
+) -> Result<Response<Body>, Error> {
+	let items = parse_json_body::<Vec<InsertBatchItem>>(req).await?;

 	let mut items2 = vec![];
 	for it in items {
@ -35,23 +37,24 @@ pub async fn handle_insert_batch(
 		items2.push((it.pk, it.sk, ct, v));
 	}

-	garage.k2v.rpc.insert_batch(*bucket_id, items2).await?;
+	garage.k2v.rpc.insert_batch(bucket_id, items2).await?;

 	Ok(Response::builder()
 		.status(StatusCode::NO_CONTENT)
-		.body(empty_body())?)
+		.body(Body::empty())?)
 }

 pub async fn handle_read_batch(
-	ctx: ReqCtx,
-	req: Request<ReqBody>,
-) -> Result<Response<ResBody>, Error> {
-	let queries = parse_json_body::<Vec<ReadBatchQuery>, _, Error>(req).await?;
+	garage: Arc<Garage>,
+	bucket_id: Uuid,
+	req: Request<Body>,
+) -> Result<Response<Body>, Error> {
+	let queries = parse_json_body::<Vec<ReadBatchQuery>>(req).await?;

 	let resp_results = futures::future::join_all(
 		queries
 			.into_iter()
-			.map(|q| handle_read_batch_query(&ctx, q)),
+			.map(|q| handle_read_batch_query(&garage, bucket_id, q)),
 	)
 	.await;

@ -64,15 +67,12 @@ pub async fn handle_read_batch(
 }

 async fn handle_read_batch_query(
-	ctx: &ReqCtx,
+	garage: &Arc<Garage>,
+	bucket_id: Uuid,
 	query: ReadBatchQuery,
 ) -> Result<ReadBatchResponse, Error> {
-	let ReqCtx {
-		garage, bucket_id, ..
-	} = ctx;
-
 	let partition = K2VItemPartition {
-		bucket_id: *bucket_id,
+		bucket_id,
 		partition_key: query.partition_key.clone(),
 	};

@ -137,15 +137,16 @@ async fn handle_read_batch_query(
 }

 pub async fn handle_delete_batch(
-	ctx: ReqCtx,
-	req: Request<ReqBody>,
-) -> Result<Response<ResBody>, Error> {
-	let queries = parse_json_body::<Vec<DeleteBatchQuery>, _, Error>(req).await?;
+	garage: Arc<Garage>,
+	bucket_id: Uuid,
+	req: Request<Body>,
+) -> Result<Response<Body>, Error> {
+	let queries = parse_json_body::<Vec<DeleteBatchQuery>>(req).await?;

 	let resp_results = futures::future::join_all(
 		queries
 			.into_iter()
-			.map(|q| handle_delete_batch_query(&ctx, q)),
+			.map(|q| handle_delete_batch_query(&garage, bucket_id, q)),
 	)
 	.await;

@ -158,15 +159,12 @@ pub async fn handle_delete_batch(
 }

 async fn handle_delete_batch_query(
-	ctx: &ReqCtx,
+	garage: &Arc<Garage>,
+	bucket_id: Uuid,
 	query: DeleteBatchQuery,
 ) -> Result<DeleteBatchResponse, Error> {
-	let ReqCtx {
-		garage, bucket_id, ..
-	} = &ctx;
-
 	let partition = K2VItemPartition {
-		bucket_id: *bucket_id,
+		bucket_id,
 		partition_key: query.partition_key.clone(),
 	};

@ -196,7 +194,7 @@ async fn handle_delete_batch_query(
 					.k2v
 					.rpc
 					.insert(
-						*bucket_id,
+						bucket_id,
 						i.partition.partition_key,
 						i.sort_key,
 						Some(cc),
@ -236,7 +234,7 @@ async fn handle_delete_batch_query(
 			.collect::<Vec<_>>();
 		let n = items.len();

-		garage.k2v.rpc.insert_batch(*bucket_id, items).await?;
+		garage.k2v.rpc.insert_batch(bucket_id, items).await?;

 		n
 	};
@ -252,16 +250,14 @@ async fn handle_delete_batch_query(
 }

 pub(crate) async fn handle_poll_range(
-	ctx: ReqCtx,
+	garage: Arc<Garage>,
+	bucket_id: Uuid,
 	partition_key: &str,
-	req: Request<ReqBody>,
-) -> Result<Response<ResBody>, Error> {
-	let ReqCtx {
-		garage, bucket_id, ..
-	} = ctx;
+	req: Request<Body>,
+) -> Result<Response<Body>, Error> {
 	use garage_model::k2v::sub::PollRange;

-	let query = parse_json_body::<PollRangeQuery, _, Error>(req).await?;
+	let query = parse_json_body::<PollRangeQuery>(req).await?;

 	let timeout_msec = query.timeout.unwrap_or(300).clamp(1, 600) * 1000;

@ -296,7 +292,7 @@ pub(crate) async fn handle_poll_range(
 	} else {
 		Ok(Response::builder()
 			.status(StatusCode::NOT_MODIFIED)
-			.body(empty_body())?)
+			.body(Body::empty())?)
 	}
 }

--- a/src/api/k2v/error.rs
+++ b/src/api/k2v/error.rs
@ -1,11 +1,13 @@
 use err_derive::Error;
 use hyper::header::HeaderValue;
-use hyper::{HeaderMap, StatusCode};
+use hyper::{Body, HeaderMap, StatusCode};
+
+use garage_model::helper::error::Error as HelperError;

 use crate::common_error::CommonError;
 pub use crate::common_error::{CommonErrorDerivative, OkOrBadRequest, OkOrInternalError};
 use crate::generic_server::ApiError;
-use crate::helpers::*;
+use crate::helpers::CustomApiErrorBody;
 use crate::signature::error::Error as SignatureError;

 /// Errors of this crate
@ -28,6 +30,10 @@ pub enum Error {
 	#[error(display = "Invalid base64: {}", _0)]
 	InvalidBase64(#[error(source)] base64::DecodeError),

+	/// The client sent a header with invalid value
+	#[error(display = "Invalid header value: {}", _0)]
+	InvalidHeader(#[error(source)] hyper::header::ToStrError),
+
 	/// The client asked for an invalid return format (invalid Accept header)
 	#[error(display = "Not acceptable: {}", _0)]
 	NotAcceptable(String),
@ -48,6 +54,18 @@ where

 impl CommonErrorDerivative for Error {}

+impl From<HelperError> for Error {
+	fn from(err: HelperError) -> Self {
+		match err {
+			HelperError::Internal(i) => Self::Common(CommonError::InternalError(i)),
+			HelperError::BadRequest(b) => Self::Common(CommonError::BadRequest(b)),
+			HelperError::InvalidBucketName(n) => Self::Common(CommonError::InvalidBucketName(n)),
+			HelperError::NoSuchBucket(n) => Self::Common(CommonError::NoSuchBucket(n)),
+			e => Self::Common(CommonError::BadRequest(format!("{}", e))),
+		}
+	}
+}
+
 impl From<SignatureError> for Error {
 	fn from(err: SignatureError) -> Self {
 		match err {
@ -56,6 +74,7 @@ impl From<SignatureError> for Error {
 				Self::AuthorizationHeaderMalformed(c)
 			}
 			SignatureError::InvalidUtf8Str(i) => Self::InvalidUtf8Str(i),
+			SignatureError::InvalidHeader(h) => Self::InvalidHeader(h),
 		}
 	}
 }
@ -71,6 +90,7 @@ impl Error {
 			Error::NotAcceptable(_) => "NotAcceptable",
 			Error::AuthorizationHeaderMalformed(_) => "AuthorizationHeaderMalformed",
 			Error::InvalidBase64(_) => "InvalidBase64",
+			Error::InvalidHeader(_) => "InvalidHeaderValue",
 			Error::InvalidUtf8Str(_) => "InvalidUtf8String",
 		}
 	}
@ -85,6 +105,7 @@ impl ApiError for Error {
 			Error::NotAcceptable(_) => StatusCode::NOT_ACCEPTABLE,
 			Error::AuthorizationHeaderMalformed(_)
 			| Error::InvalidBase64(_)
+			| Error::InvalidHeader(_)
 			| Error::InvalidUtf8Str(_) => StatusCode::BAD_REQUEST,
 		}
 	}
@ -94,14 +115,14 @@ impl ApiError for Error {
 		header_map.append(header::CONTENT_TYPE, "application/json".parse().unwrap());
 	}

-	fn http_body(&self, garage_region: &str, path: &str) -> ErrorBody {
+	fn http_body(&self, garage_region: &str, path: &str) -> Body {
 		let error = CustomApiErrorBody {
 			code: self.code().to_string(),
 			message: format!("{}", self),
 			path: path.to_string(),
 			region: garage_region.to_string(),
 		};
-		let error_str = serde_json::to_string_pretty(&error).unwrap_or_else(|_| {
+		Body::from(serde_json::to_string_pretty(&error).unwrap_or_else(|_| {
 			r#"
 {
 	"code": "InternalError",
@ -109,7 +130,6 @@ impl ApiError for Error {
 }
 			"#
 			.into()
-		});
-		error_body(error_str)
+		}))
 	}
 }
--- a/src/api/k2v/index.rs
+++ b/src/api/k2v/index.rs
@ -1,34 +1,32 @@
-use hyper::Response;
+use std::sync::Arc;
+
+use hyper::{Body, Response};
 use serde::Serialize;

+use garage_util::data::*;
+
+use garage_rpc::ring::Ring;
 use garage_table::util::*;

+use garage_model::garage::Garage;
 use garage_model::k2v::item_table::{BYTES, CONFLICTS, ENTRIES, VALUES};

 use crate::helpers::*;
-use crate::k2v::api_server::ResBody;
 use crate::k2v::error::*;
 use crate::k2v::range::read_range;

 pub async fn handle_read_index(
-	ctx: ReqCtx,
+	garage: Arc<Garage>,
+	bucket_id: Uuid,
 	prefix: Option<String>,
 	start: Option<String>,
 	end: Option<String>,
 	limit: Option<u64>,
 	reverse: Option<bool>,
-) -> Result<Response<ResBody>, Error> {
-	let ReqCtx {
-		garage, bucket_id, ..
-	} = &ctx;
-
+) -> Result<Response<Body>, Error> {
 	let reverse = reverse.unwrap_or(false);

-	let node_id_vec = garage
-		.system
-		.cluster_layout()
-		.all_nongateway_nodes()
-		.to_vec();
+	let ring: Arc<Ring> = garage.system.ring.borrow().clone();

 	let (partition_keys, more, next_start) = read_range(
 		&garage.k2v.counter_table.table,
@ -37,7 +35,7 @@ pub async fn handle_read_index(
 		&start,
 		&end,
 		limit,
-		Some((DeletedFilter::NotDeleted, node_id_vec)),
+		Some((DeletedFilter::NotDeleted, ring.layout.node_id_vec.clone())),
 		EnumerationOrder::from_reverse(reverse),
 	)
 	.await?;
@ -56,7 +54,7 @@ pub async fn handle_read_index(
 		partition_keys: partition_keys
 			.into_iter()
 			.map(|part| {
-				let vals = part.filtered_values(&garage.system.cluster_layout());
+				let vals = part.filtered_values(&ring);
 				ReadIndexResponseEntry {
 					pk: part.sk,
 					entries: *vals.get(&s_entries).unwrap_or(&0),
@ -70,7 +68,7 @@ pub async fn handle_read_index(
 		next_start,
 	};

-	json_ok_response::<Error, _>(&resp)
+	Ok(json_ok_response(&resp)?)
 }

 #[derive(Serialize)]
--- a/src/api/k2v/item.rs
+++ b/src/api/k2v/item.rs
@ -1,13 +1,16 @@
+use std::sync::Arc;
+
 use base64::prelude::*;
 use http::header;

-use hyper::{Request, Response, StatusCode};
+use hyper::{Body, Request, Response, StatusCode};

+use garage_util::data::*;
+
+use garage_model::garage::Garage;
 use garage_model::k2v::causality::*;
 use garage_model::k2v::item_table::*;

-use crate::helpers::*;
-use crate::k2v::api_server::{ReqBody, ResBody};
 use crate::k2v::error::*;

 pub const X_GARAGE_CAUSALITY_TOKEN: &str = "X-Garage-Causality-Token";
@ -19,7 +22,7 @@ pub enum ReturnFormat {
 }

 impl ReturnFormat {
-	pub fn from(req: &Request<ReqBody>) -> Result<Self, Error> {
+	pub fn from(req: &Request<Body>) -> Result<Self, Error> {
 		let accept = match req.headers().get(header::ACCEPT) {
 			Some(a) => a.to_str()?,
 			None => return Ok(Self::Json),
@ -37,7 +40,7 @@ impl ReturnFormat {
 		}
 	}

-	pub fn make_response(&self, item: &K2VItem) -> Result<Response<ResBody>, Error> {
+	pub fn make_response(&self, item: &K2VItem) -> Result<Response<Body>, Error> {
 		let vals = item.values();

 		if vals.is_empty() {
@ -49,7 +52,7 @@ impl ReturnFormat {
 			Self::Binary if vals.len() > 1 => Ok(Response::builder()
 				.header(X_GARAGE_CAUSALITY_TOKEN, ct)
 				.status(StatusCode::CONFLICT)
-				.body(empty_body())?),
+				.body(Body::empty())?),
 			Self::Binary => {
 				assert!(vals.len() == 1);
 				Self::make_binary_response(ct, vals[0])
@ -59,22 +62,22 @@ impl ReturnFormat {
 		}
 	}

-	fn make_binary_response(ct: String, v: &DvvsValue) -> Result<Response<ResBody>, Error> {
+	fn make_binary_response(ct: String, v: &DvvsValue) -> Result<Response<Body>, Error> {
 		match v {
 			DvvsValue::Deleted => Ok(Response::builder()
 				.header(X_GARAGE_CAUSALITY_TOKEN, ct)
 				.header(header::CONTENT_TYPE, "application/octet-stream")
 				.status(StatusCode::NO_CONTENT)
-				.body(empty_body())?),
+				.body(Body::empty())?),
 			DvvsValue::Value(v) => Ok(Response::builder()
 				.header(X_GARAGE_CAUSALITY_TOKEN, ct)
 				.header(header::CONTENT_TYPE, "application/octet-stream")
 				.status(StatusCode::OK)
-				.body(bytes_body(v.to_vec().into()))?),
+				.body(Body::from(v.to_vec()))?),
 		}
 	}

-	fn make_json_response(ct: String, v: &[&DvvsValue]) -> Result<Response<ResBody>, Error> {
+	fn make_json_response(ct: String, v: &[&DvvsValue]) -> Result<Response<Body>, Error> {
 		let items = v
 			.iter()
 			.map(|v| match v {
@ -88,22 +91,19 @@ impl ReturnFormat {
 			.header(X_GARAGE_CAUSALITY_TOKEN, ct)
 			.header(header::CONTENT_TYPE, "application/json")
 			.status(StatusCode::OK)
-			.body(string_body(json_body))?)
+			.body(Body::from(json_body))?)
 	}
 }

 /// Handle ReadItem request
 #[allow(clippy::ptr_arg)]
 pub async fn handle_read_item(
-	ctx: ReqCtx,
-	req: &Request<ReqBody>,
+	garage: Arc<Garage>,
+	req: &Request<Body>,
+	bucket_id: Uuid,
 	partition_key: &str,
 	sort_key: &String,
-) -> Result<Response<ResBody>, Error> {
-	let ReqCtx {
-		garage, bucket_id, ..
-	} = &ctx;
-
+) -> Result<Response<Body>, Error> {
 	let format = ReturnFormat::from(req)?;

 	let item = garage
@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ pub async fn handle_read_item(
 		.item_table
 		.get(
 			&K2VItemPartition {
-				bucket_id: *bucket_id,
+				bucket_id,
 				partition_key: partition_key.to_string(),
 			},
 			sort_key,
@ -123,14 +123,12 @@ pub async fn handle_read_item(
 }

 pub async fn handle_insert_item(
-	ctx: ReqCtx,
-	req: Request<ReqBody>,
+	garage: Arc<Garage>,
+	req: Request<Body>,
+	bucket_id: Uuid,
 	partition_key: &str,
 	sort_key: &str,
-) -> Result<Response<ResBody>, Error> {
-	let ReqCtx {
-		garage, bucket_id, ..
-	} = &ctx;
+) -> Result<Response<Body>, Error> {
 	let causal_context = req
 		.headers()
 		.get(X_GARAGE_CAUSALITY_TOKEN)
@ -139,17 +137,14 @@ pub async fn handle_insert_item(
 		.map(CausalContext::parse_helper)
 		.transpose()?;

-	let body = http_body_util::BodyExt::collect(req.into_body())
-		.await?
-		.to_bytes();
-
+	let body = hyper::body::to_bytes(req.into_body()).await?;
 	let value = DvvsValue::Value(body.to_vec());

 	garage
 		.k2v
 		.rpc
 		.insert(
-			*bucket_id,
+			bucket_id,
 			partition_key.to_string(),
 			sort_key.to_string(),
 			causal_context,
@ -159,18 +154,16 @@ pub async fn handle_insert_item(

 	Ok(Response::builder()
 		.status(StatusCode::NO_CONTENT)
-		.body(empty_body())?)
+		.body(Body::empty())?)
 }

 pub async fn handle_delete_item(
-	ctx: ReqCtx,
-	req: Request<ReqBody>,
+	garage: Arc<Garage>,
+	req: Request<Body>,
+	bucket_id: Uuid,
 	partition_key: &str,
 	sort_key: &str,
-) -> Result<Response<ResBody>, Error> {
-	let ReqCtx {
-		garage, bucket_id, ..
-	} = &ctx;
+) -> Result<Response<Body>, Error> {
 	let causal_context = req
 		.headers()
 		.get(X_GARAGE_CAUSALITY_TOKEN)
@ -185,7 +178,7 @@ pub async fn handle_delete_item(
 		.k2v
 		.rpc
 		.insert(
-			*bucket_id,
+			bucket_id,
 			partition_key.to_string(),
 			sort_key.to_string(),
 			causal_context,
@ -195,22 +188,20 @@ pub async fn handle_delete_item(

 	Ok(Response::builder()
 		.status(StatusCode::NO_CONTENT)
-		.body(empty_body())?)
+		.body(Body::empty())?)
 }

 /// Handle ReadItem request
 #[allow(clippy::ptr_arg)]
 pub async fn handle_poll_item(
-	ctx: ReqCtx,
-	req: &Request<ReqBody>,
+	garage: Arc<Garage>,
+	req: &Request<Body>,
+	bucket_id: Uuid,
 	partition_key: String,
 	sort_key: String,
 	causality_token: String,
 	timeout_secs: Option<u64>,
-) -> Result<Response<ResBody>, Error> {
-	let ReqCtx {
-		garage, bucket_id, ..
-	} = &ctx;
+) -> Result<Response<Body>, Error> {
 	let format = ReturnFormat::from(req)?;

 	let causal_context =
@ -222,7 +213,7 @@ pub async fn handle_poll_item(
 		.k2v
 		.rpc
 		.poll_item(
-			*bucket_id,
+			bucket_id,
 			partition_key,
 			sort_key,
 			causal_context,
@ -235,6 +226,6 @@ pub async fn handle_poll_item(
 	} else {
 		Ok(Response::builder()
 			.status(StatusCode::NOT_MODIFIED)
-			.body(empty_body())?)
+			.body(Body::empty())?)
 	}
 }
--- a/src/api/router_macros.rs
+++ b/src/api/router_macros.rs
@ -204,7 +204,7 @@ macro_rules! generateQueryParameters {
            }

            /// Get an error message in case not all parameters where used when extracting them to
-            /// build an Endpoint variant
+            /// build an Enpoint variant
            fn nonempty_message(&self) -> Option<&str> {
                if self.keyword.is_some() {
                    Some("Keyword not used")
--- a/src/api/s3/api_server.rs
+++ b/src/api/s3/api_server.rs
@ -2,9 +2,9 @@ use std::sync::Arc;

 use async_trait::async_trait;

+use futures::future::Future;
 use hyper::header;
-use hyper::{body::Incoming as IncomingBody, Request, Response};
-use tokio::sync::watch;
+use hyper::{Body, Request, Response};

 use opentelemetry::{trace::SpanRef, KeyValue};

@ -17,7 +17,8 @@ use garage_model::key_table::Key;
 use crate::generic_server::*;
 use crate::s3::error::*;

-use crate::signature::verify_request;
+use crate::signature::payload::check_payload_signature;
+use crate::signature::streaming::*;

 use crate::helpers::*;
 use crate::s3::bucket::*;
@ -33,9 +34,6 @@ use crate::s3::put::*;
 use crate::s3::router::Endpoint;
 use crate::s3::website::*;

-pub use crate::signature::streaming::ReqBody;
-pub type ResBody = BoxBody<Error>;
-
 pub struct S3ApiServer {
 	garage: Arc<Garage>,
 }
@ -50,19 +48,19 @@ impl S3ApiServer {
 		garage: Arc<Garage>,
 		addr: UnixOrTCPSocketAddress,
 		s3_region: String,
-		must_exit: watch::Receiver<bool>,
+		shutdown_signal: impl Future<Output = ()>,
 	) -> Result<(), GarageError> {
 		ApiServer::new(s3_region, S3ApiServer { garage })
-			.run_server(addr, None, must_exit)
+			.run_server(addr, None, shutdown_signal)
 			.await
 	}

 	async fn handle_request_without_bucket(
 		&self,
-		_req: Request<ReqBody>,
+		_req: Request<Body>,
 		api_key: Key,
 		endpoint: Endpoint,
-	) -> Result<Response<ResBody>, Error> {
+	) -> Result<Response<Body>, Error> {
 		match endpoint {
 			Endpoint::ListBuckets => handle_list_buckets(&self.garage, &api_key).await,
 			endpoint => Err(Error::NotImplemented(endpoint.name().to_owned())),
@ -78,7 +76,7 @@ impl ApiHandler for S3ApiServer {
 	type Endpoint = S3ApiEndpoint;
 	type Error = Error;

-	fn parse_endpoint(&self, req: &Request<IncomingBody>) -> Result<S3ApiEndpoint, Error> {
+	fn parse_endpoint(&self, req: &Request<Body>) -> Result<S3ApiEndpoint, Error> {
 		let authority = req
 			.headers()
 			.get(header::HOST)
@ -106,9 +104,9 @@ impl ApiHandler for S3ApiServer {

 	async fn handle(
 		&self,
-		req: Request<IncomingBody>,
+		req: Request<Body>,
 		endpoint: S3ApiEndpoint,
-	) -> Result<Response<ResBody>, Error> {
+	) -> Result<Response<Body>, Error> {
 		let S3ApiEndpoint {
 			bucket_name,
 			endpoint,
@ -120,11 +118,20 @@ impl ApiHandler for S3ApiServer {
 			return handle_post_object(garage, req, bucket_name.unwrap()).await;
 		}
 		if let Endpoint::Options = endpoint {
-			let options_res = handle_options_api(garage, &req, bucket_name).await?;
-			return Ok(options_res.map(|_empty_body: EmptyBody| empty_body()));
+			return handle_options_s3api(garage, &req, bucket_name).await;
 		}

-		let (req, api_key, content_sha256) = verify_request(&garage, req, "s3").await?;
+		let (api_key, mut content_sha256) = check_payload_signature(&garage, "s3", &req).await?;
+		let api_key = api_key
+			.ok_or_else(|| Error::forbidden("Garage does not support anonymous access yet"))?;
+
+		let req = parse_streaming_body(
+			&api_key,
+			req,
+			&mut content_sha256,
+			&garage.config.s3_api.s3_region,
+			"s3",
+		)?;

 		let bucket_name = match bucket_name {
 			None => {
@ -137,14 +144,7 @@ impl ApiHandler for S3ApiServer {

 		// Special code path for CreateBucket API endpoint
 		if let Endpoint::CreateBucket {} = endpoint {
-			return handle_create_bucket(
-				&garage,
-				req,
-				content_sha256,
-				&api_key.key_id,
-				bucket_name,
-			)
-			.await;
+			return handle_create_bucket(&garage, req, content_sha256, api_key, bucket_name).await;
 		}

 		let bucket_id = garage
@ -155,7 +155,6 @@ impl ApiHandler for S3ApiServer {
 			.bucket_helper()
 			.get_existing_bucket(bucket_id)
 			.await?;
-		let bucket_params = bucket.state.into_option().unwrap();

 		let allowed = match endpoint.authorization_type() {
 			Authorization::Read => api_key.allow_read(&bucket_id),
@ -168,70 +167,82 @@ impl ApiHandler for S3ApiServer {
 			return Err(Error::forbidden("Operation is not allowed for this key."));
 		}

-		let matching_cors_rule = find_matching_cors_rule(&bucket_params, &req)?.cloned();
-
-		let ctx = ReqCtx {
-			garage,
-			bucket_id,
-			bucket_name,
-			bucket_params,
-			api_key,
-		};
+		let matching_cors_rule = find_matching_cors_rule(&bucket, &req)?;

 		let resp = match endpoint {
 			Endpoint::HeadObject {
 				key, part_number, ..
-			} => handle_head(ctx, &req, &key, part_number).await,
+			} => handle_head(garage, &req, bucket_id, &key, part_number).await,
 			Endpoint::GetObject {
-				key,
-				part_number,
-				response_cache_control,
-				response_content_disposition,
-				response_content_encoding,
-				response_content_language,
-				response_content_type,
-				response_expires,
-				..
-			} => {
-				let overrides = GetObjectOverrides {
-					response_cache_control,
-					response_content_disposition,
-					response_content_encoding,
-					response_content_language,
-					response_content_type,
-					response_expires,
-				};
-				handle_get(ctx, &req, &key, part_number, overrides).await
-			}
+				key, part_number, ..
+			} => handle_get(garage, &req, bucket_id, &key, part_number).await,
 			Endpoint::UploadPart {
 				key,
 				part_number,
 				upload_id,
-			} => handle_put_part(ctx, req, &key, part_number, &upload_id, content_sha256).await,
-			Endpoint::CopyObject { key } => handle_copy(ctx, &req, &key).await,
+			} => {
+				handle_put_part(
+					garage,
+					req,
+					bucket_id,
+					&key,
+					part_number,
+					&upload_id,
+					content_sha256,
+				)
+				.await
+			}
+			Endpoint::CopyObject { key } => {
+				handle_copy(garage, &api_key, &req, bucket_id, &key).await
+			}
 			Endpoint::UploadPartCopy {
 				key,
 				part_number,
 				upload_id,
-			} => handle_upload_part_copy(ctx, &req, &key, part_number, &upload_id).await,
-			Endpoint::PutObject { key } => handle_put(ctx, req, &key, content_sha256).await,
-			Endpoint::AbortMultipartUpload { key, upload_id } => {
-				handle_abort_multipart_upload(ctx, &key, &upload_id).await
+			} => {
+				handle_upload_part_copy(
+					garage,
+					&api_key,
+					&req,
+					bucket_id,
+					&key,
+					part_number,
+					&upload_id,
+				)
+				.await
 			}
-			Endpoint::DeleteObject { key, .. } => handle_delete(ctx, &key).await,
+			Endpoint::PutObject { key } => {
+				handle_put(garage, req, &bucket, &key, content_sha256).await
+			}
+			Endpoint::AbortMultipartUpload { key, upload_id } => {
+				handle_abort_multipart_upload(garage, bucket_id, &key, &upload_id).await
+			}
+			Endpoint::DeleteObject { key, .. } => handle_delete(garage, bucket_id, &key).await,
 			Endpoint::CreateMultipartUpload { key } => {
-				handle_create_multipart_upload(ctx, &req, &key).await
+				handle_create_multipart_upload(garage, &req, &bucket_name, bucket_id, &key).await
 			}
 			Endpoint::CompleteMultipartUpload { key, upload_id } => {
-				handle_complete_multipart_upload(ctx, req, &key, &upload_id, content_sha256).await
+				handle_complete_multipart_upload(
+					garage,
+					req,
+					&bucket_name,
+					&bucket,
+					&key,
+					&upload_id,
+					content_sha256,
+				)
+				.await
 			}
 			Endpoint::CreateBucket {} => unreachable!(),
 			Endpoint::HeadBucket {} => {
-				let response = Response::builder().body(empty_body()).unwrap();
+				let empty_body: Body = Body::from(vec![]);
+				let response = Response::builder().body(empty_body).unwrap();
 				Ok(response)
 			}
-			Endpoint::DeleteBucket {} => handle_delete_bucket(ctx).await,
-			Endpoint::GetBucketLocation {} => handle_get_bucket_location(ctx),
+			Endpoint::DeleteBucket {} => {
+				handle_delete_bucket(&garage, bucket_id, bucket_name, api_key).await
+			}
+			Endpoint::GetBucketLocation {} => handle_get_bucket_location(garage),
 			Endpoint::GetBucketVersioning {} => handle_get_bucket_versioning(),
 			Endpoint::ListObjects {
 				delimiter,
@ -240,21 +251,24 @@ impl ApiHandler for S3ApiServer {
 				max_keys,
 				prefix,
 			} => {
-				let query = ListObjectsQuery {
-					common: ListQueryCommon {
-						bucket_name: ctx.bucket_name.clone(),
-						bucket_id,
-						delimiter,
-						page_size: max_keys.unwrap_or(1000).clamp(1, 1000),
-						prefix: prefix.unwrap_or_default(),
-						urlencode_resp: encoding_type.map(|e| e == "url").unwrap_or(false),
+				handle_list(
+					garage,
+					&ListObjectsQuery {
+						common: ListQueryCommon {
+							bucket_name,
+							bucket_id,
+							delimiter: delimiter.map(|d| d.to_string()),
+							page_size: max_keys.unwrap_or(1000).clamp(1, 1000),
+							prefix: prefix.unwrap_or_default(),
+							urlencode_resp: encoding_type.map(|e| e == "url").unwrap_or(false),
+						},
+						is_v2: false,
+						marker,
+						continuation_token: None,
+						start_after: None,
 					},
-					is_v2: false,
-					marker,
-					continuation_token: None,
-					start_after: None,
-				};
-				handle_list(ctx, &query).await
+				)
+				.await
 			}
 			Endpoint::ListObjectsV2 {
 				delimiter,
@ -267,21 +281,24 @@ impl ApiHandler for S3ApiServer {
 				..
 			} => {
 				if list_type == "2" {
-					let query = ListObjectsQuery {
-						common: ListQueryCommon {
-							bucket_name: ctx.bucket_name.clone(),
-							bucket_id,
-							delimiter,
-							page_size: max_keys.unwrap_or(1000).clamp(1, 1000),
-							urlencode_resp: encoding_type.map(|e| e == "url").unwrap_or(false),
-							prefix: prefix.unwrap_or_default(),
+					handle_list(
+						garage,
+						&ListObjectsQuery {
+							common: ListQueryCommon {
+								bucket_name,
+								bucket_id,
+								delimiter: delimiter.map(|d| d.to_string()),
+								page_size: max_keys.unwrap_or(1000).clamp(1, 1000),
+								urlencode_resp: encoding_type.map(|e| e == "url").unwrap_or(false),
+								prefix: prefix.unwrap_or_default(),
+							},
+							is_v2: true,
+							marker: None,
+							continuation_token,
+							start_after,
 						},
-						is_v2: true,
-						marker: None,
-						continuation_token,
-						start_after,
-					};
-					handle_list(ctx, &query).await
+					)
+					.await
 				} else {
 					Err(Error::bad_request(format!(
 						"Invalid endpoint: list-type={}",
@ -297,19 +314,22 @@ impl ApiHandler for S3ApiServer {
 				prefix,
 				upload_id_marker,
 			} => {
-				let query = ListMultipartUploadsQuery {
-					common: ListQueryCommon {
-						bucket_name: ctx.bucket_name.clone(),
-						bucket_id,
-						delimiter,
-						page_size: max_uploads.unwrap_or(1000).clamp(1, 1000),
-						prefix: prefix.unwrap_or_default(),
-						urlencode_resp: encoding_type.map(|e| e == "url").unwrap_or(false),
+				handle_list_multipart_upload(
+					garage,
+					&ListMultipartUploadsQuery {
+						common: ListQueryCommon {
+							bucket_name,
+							bucket_id,
+							delimiter: delimiter.map(|d| d.to_string()),
+							page_size: max_uploads.unwrap_or(1000).clamp(1, 1000),
+							prefix: prefix.unwrap_or_default(),
+							urlencode_resp: encoding_type.map(|e| e == "url").unwrap_or(false),
+						},
+						key_marker,
+						upload_id_marker,
 					},
-					key_marker,
-					upload_id_marker,
-				};
-				handle_list_multipart_upload(ctx, &query).await
+				)
+				.await
 			}
 			Endpoint::ListParts {
 				key,
@ -317,28 +337,39 @@ impl ApiHandler for S3ApiServer {
 				part_number_marker,
 				upload_id,
 			} => {
-				let query = ListPartsQuery {
-					bucket_name: ctx.bucket_name.clone(),
-					bucket_id,
-					key,
-					upload_id,
-					part_number_marker: part_number_marker.map(|p| p.min(10000)),
-					max_parts: max_parts.unwrap_or(1000).clamp(1, 1000),
-				};
-				handle_list_parts(ctx, req, &query).await
+				handle_list_parts(
+					garage,
+					&ListPartsQuery {
+						bucket_name,
+						bucket_id,
+						key,
+						upload_id,
+						part_number_marker: part_number_marker.map(|p| p.min(10000)),
+						max_parts: max_parts.unwrap_or(1000).clamp(1, 1000),
+					},
+				)
+				.await
 			}
-			Endpoint::DeleteObjects {} => handle_delete_objects(ctx, req, content_sha256).await,
-			Endpoint::GetBucketWebsite {} => handle_get_website(ctx).await,
-			Endpoint::PutBucketWebsite {} => handle_put_website(ctx, req, content_sha256).await,
-			Endpoint::DeleteBucketWebsite {} => handle_delete_website(ctx).await,
-			Endpoint::GetBucketCors {} => handle_get_cors(ctx).await,
-			Endpoint::PutBucketCors {} => handle_put_cors(ctx, req, content_sha256).await,
-			Endpoint::DeleteBucketCors {} => handle_delete_cors(ctx).await,
-			Endpoint::GetBucketLifecycleConfiguration {} => handle_get_lifecycle(ctx).await,
+			Endpoint::DeleteObjects {} => {
+				handle_delete_objects(garage, bucket_id, req, content_sha256).await
+			}
+			Endpoint::GetBucketWebsite {} => handle_get_website(&bucket).await,
+			Endpoint::PutBucketWebsite {} => {
+				handle_put_website(garage, bucket.clone(), req, content_sha256).await
+			}
+			Endpoint::DeleteBucketWebsite {} => handle_delete_website(garage, bucket.clone()).await,
+			Endpoint::GetBucketCors {} => handle_get_cors(&bucket).await,
+			Endpoint::PutBucketCors {} => {
+				handle_put_cors(garage, bucket.clone(), req, content_sha256).await
+			}
+			Endpoint::DeleteBucketCors {} => handle_delete_cors(garage, bucket.clone()).await,
+			Endpoint::GetBucketLifecycleConfiguration {} => handle_get_lifecycle(&bucket).await,
 			Endpoint::PutBucketLifecycleConfiguration {} => {
-				handle_put_lifecycle(ctx, req, content_sha256).await
+				handle_put_lifecycle(garage, bucket.clone(), req, content_sha256).await
+			}
+			Endpoint::DeleteBucketLifecycle {} => {
+				handle_delete_lifecycle(garage, bucket.clone()).await
 			}
-			Endpoint::DeleteBucketLifecycle {} => handle_delete_lifecycle(ctx).await,
 			endpoint => Err(Error::NotImplemented(endpoint.name().to_owned())),
 		};

@ -346,7 +377,7 @@ impl ApiHandler for S3ApiServer {
 		// add the corresponding CORS headers to the response
 		let mut resp_ok = resp?;
 		if let Some(rule) = matching_cors_rule {
-			add_cors_headers(&mut resp_ok, &rule)
+			add_cors_headers(&mut resp_ok, rule)
 				.ok_or_internal_error("Invalid bucket CORS configuration")?;
 		}

--- a/src/api/s3/bucket.rs
+++ b/src/api/s3/bucket.rs
@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 use std::collections::HashMap;
+use std::sync::Arc;

-use http_body_util::BodyExt;
-use hyper::{Request, Response, StatusCode};
+use hyper::{Body, Request, Response, StatusCode};

 use garage_model::bucket_alias_table::*;
 use garage_model::bucket_table::Bucket;
@ -14,14 +14,11 @@ use garage_util::data::*;
 use garage_util::time::*;

 use crate::common_error::CommonError;
-use crate::helpers::*;
-use crate::s3::api_server::{ReqBody, ResBody};
 use crate::s3::error::*;
 use crate::s3::xml as s3_xml;
 use crate::signature::verify_signed_content;

-pub fn handle_get_bucket_location(ctx: ReqCtx) -> Result<Response<ResBody>, Error> {
-	let ReqCtx { garage, .. } = ctx;
+pub fn handle_get_bucket_location(garage: Arc<Garage>) -> Result<Response<Body>, Error> {
 	let loc = s3_xml::LocationConstraint {
 		xmlns: (),
 		region: garage.config.s3_api.s3_region.to_string(),
@ -30,10 +27,10 @@ pub fn handle_get_bucket_location(ctx: ReqCtx) -> Result<Response<ResBody>, Erro

 	Ok(Response::builder()
 		.header("Content-Type", "application/xml")
-		.body(string_body(xml))?)
+		.body(Body::from(xml.into_bytes()))?)
 }

-pub fn handle_get_bucket_versioning() -> Result<Response<ResBody>, Error> {
+pub fn handle_get_bucket_versioning() -> Result<Response<Body>, Error> {
 	let versioning = s3_xml::VersioningConfiguration {
 		xmlns: (),
 		status: None,
@ -43,13 +40,10 @@ pub fn handle_get_bucket_versioning() -> Result<Response<ResBody>, Error> {

 	Ok(Response::builder()
 		.header("Content-Type", "application/xml")
-		.body(string_body(xml))?)
+		.body(Body::from(xml.into_bytes()))?)
 }

-pub async fn handle_list_buckets(
-	garage: &Garage,
-	api_key: &Key,
-) -> Result<Response<ResBody>, Error> {
+pub async fn handle_list_buckets(garage: &Garage, api_key: &Key) -> Result<Response<Body>, Error> {
 	let key_p = api_key.params().ok_or_internal_error(
 		"Key should not be in deleted state at this point (in handle_list_buckets)",
 	)?;
@ -115,17 +109,17 @@ pub async fn handle_list_buckets(

 	Ok(Response::builder()
 		.header("Content-Type", "application/xml")
-		.body(string_body(xml))?)
+		.body(Body::from(xml))?)
 }

 pub async fn handle_create_bucket(
 	garage: &Garage,
-	req: Request<ReqBody>,
+	req: Request<Body>,
 	content_sha256: Option<Hash>,
-	api_key_id: &String,
+	api_key: Key,
 	bucket_name: String,
-) -> Result<Response<ResBody>, Error> {
-	let body = BodyExt::collect(req.into_body()).await?.to_bytes();
+) -> Result<Response<Body>, Error> {
+	let body = hyper::body::to_bytes(req.into_body()).await?;

 	if let Some(content_sha256) = content_sha256 {
 		verify_signed_content(content_sha256, &body[..])?;
@ -144,18 +138,16 @@ pub async fn handle_create_bucket(
 		}
 	}

-	let helper = garage.locked_helper().await;
-
-	// refetch API key after taking lock to ensure up-to-date data
-	let api_key = helper.key().get_existing_key(api_key_id).await?;
-	let key_params = api_key.params().unwrap();
+	let key_params = api_key
+		.params()
+		.ok_or_internal_error("Key should not be deleted at this point")?;

 	let existing_bucket = if let Some(Some(bucket_id)) = key_params.local_aliases.get(&bucket_name)
 	{
 		Some(*bucket_id)
 	} else {
-		helper
-			.bucket()
+		garage
+			.bucket_helper()
 			.resolve_global_bucket_name(&bucket_name)
 			.await?
 	};
@ -189,35 +181,40 @@ pub async fn handle_create_bucket(
 		let bucket = Bucket::new();
 		garage.bucket_table.insert(&bucket).await?;

-		helper
+		garage
+			.bucket_helper()
 			.set_bucket_key_permissions(bucket.id, &api_key.key_id, BucketKeyPerm::ALL_PERMISSIONS)
 			.await?;

-		helper
+		garage
+			.bucket_helper()
 			.set_local_bucket_alias(bucket.id, &api_key.key_id, &bucket_name)
 			.await?;
 	}

 	Ok(Response::builder()
 		.header("Location", format!("/{}", bucket_name))
-		.body(empty_body())
+		.body(Body::empty())
 		.unwrap())
 }

-pub async fn handle_delete_bucket(ctx: ReqCtx) -> Result<Response<ResBody>, Error> {
-	let ReqCtx {
-		garage,
-		bucket_id,
-		bucket_name,
-		bucket_params: bucket_state,
-		api_key,
-		..
-	} = &ctx;
-	let helper = garage.locked_helper().await;
+pub async fn handle_delete_bucket(
+	garage: &Garage,
+	bucket_id: Uuid,
+	bucket_name: String,
+	api_key: Key,
+) -> Result<Response<Body>, Error> {
+	let key_params = api_key
+		.params()
+		.ok_or_internal_error("Key should not be deleted at this point")?;

-	let key_params = api_key.params().unwrap();
+	let is_local_alias = matches!(key_params.local_aliases.get(&bucket_name), Some(Some(_)));

-	let is_local_alias = matches!(key_params.local_aliases.get(bucket_name), Some(Some(_)));
+	let mut bucket = garage
+		.bucket_helper()
+		.get_existing_bucket(bucket_id)
+		.await?;
+	let bucket_state = bucket.state.as_option().unwrap();

 	// If the bucket has no other aliases, this is a true deletion.
 	// Otherwise, it is just an alias removal.
@ -227,63 +224,65 @@ pub async fn handle_delete_bucket(ctx: ReqCtx) -> Result<Response<ResBody>, Erro
 		.items()
 		.iter()
 		.filter(|(_, _, active)| *active)
-		.any(|(n, _, _)| is_local_alias || (*n != *bucket_name));
+		.any(|(n, _, _)| is_local_alias || (*n != bucket_name));

 	let has_other_local_aliases = bucket_state
 		.local_aliases
 		.items()
 		.iter()
 		.filter(|(_, _, active)| *active)
-		.any(|((k, n), _, _)| !is_local_alias || *n != *bucket_name || *k != api_key.key_id);
+		.any(|((k, n), _, _)| !is_local_alias || *n != bucket_name || *k != api_key.key_id);

 	if !has_other_global_aliases && !has_other_local_aliases {
 		// Delete bucket

 		// Check bucket is empty
-		if !helper.bucket().is_bucket_empty(*bucket_id).await? {
+		if !garage.bucket_helper().is_bucket_empty(bucket_id).await? {
 			return Err(CommonError::BucketNotEmpty.into());
 		}

 		// --- done checking, now commit ---
 		// 1. delete bucket alias
 		if is_local_alias {
-			helper
-				.unset_local_bucket_alias(*bucket_id, &api_key.key_id, bucket_name)
+			garage
+				.bucket_helper()
+				.unset_local_bucket_alias(bucket_id, &api_key.key_id, &bucket_name)
 				.await?;
 		} else {
-			helper
-				.unset_global_bucket_alias(*bucket_id, bucket_name)
+			garage
+				.bucket_helper()
+				.unset_global_bucket_alias(bucket_id, &bucket_name)
 				.await?;
 		}

 		// 2. delete authorization from keys that had access
-		for (key_id, _) in bucket_state.authorized_keys.items() {
-			helper
-				.set_bucket_key_permissions(*bucket_id, key_id, BucketKeyPerm::NO_PERMISSIONS)
+		for (key_id, _) in bucket.authorized_keys() {
+			garage
+				.bucket_helper()
+				.set_bucket_key_permissions(bucket.id, key_id, BucketKeyPerm::NO_PERMISSIONS)
 				.await?;
 		}

-		let bucket = Bucket {
-			id: *bucket_id,
-			state: Deletable::delete(),
-		};
 		// 3. delete bucket
+		bucket.state = Deletable::delete();
 		garage.bucket_table.insert(&bucket).await?;
 	} else if is_local_alias {
 		// Just unalias
-		helper
-			.unset_local_bucket_alias(*bucket_id, &api_key.key_id, bucket_name)
+		garage
+			.bucket_helper()
+			.unset_local_bucket_alias(bucket_id, &api_key.key_id, &bucket_name)
 			.await?;
 	} else {
 		// Just unalias (but from global namespace)
-		helper
-			.unset_global_bucket_alias(*bucket_id, bucket_name)
+		garage
+			.bucket_helper()
+			.unset_global_bucket_alias(bucket_id, &bucket_name)
 			.await?;
 	}

 	Ok(Response::builder()
 		.status(StatusCode::NO_CONTENT)
-		.body(empty_body())?)
+		.body(Body::empty())?)
 }

 fn parse_create_bucket_xml(xml_bytes: &[u8]) -> Option<Option<String>> {
--- a/src/api/s3/checksum.rs
+++ b/src/api/s3/checksum.rs
@ -1,406 +0,0 @@
-use std::convert::{TryFrom, TryInto};
-use std::hash::Hasher;
-
-use base64::prelude::*;
-use crc32c::Crc32cHasher as Crc32c;
-use crc32fast::Hasher as Crc32;
-use md5::{Digest, Md5};
-use sha1::Sha1;
-use sha2::Sha256;
-
-use http::{HeaderMap, HeaderName, HeaderValue};
-
-use garage_util::data::*;
-use garage_util::error::OkOrMessage;
-
-use garage_model::s3::object_table::*;
-
-use crate::s3::error::*;
-
-pub const X_AMZ_CHECKSUM_ALGORITHM: HeaderName =
-	HeaderName::from_static("x-amz-checksum-algorithm");
-pub const X_AMZ_CHECKSUM_MODE: HeaderName = HeaderName::from_static("x-amz-checksum-mode");
-pub const X_AMZ_CHECKSUM_CRC32: HeaderName = HeaderName::from_static("x-amz-checksum-crc32");
-pub const X_AMZ_CHECKSUM_CRC32C: HeaderName = HeaderName::from_static("x-amz-checksum-crc32c");
-pub const X_AMZ_CHECKSUM_SHA1: HeaderName = HeaderName::from_static("x-amz-checksum-sha1");
-pub const X_AMZ_CHECKSUM_SHA256: HeaderName = HeaderName::from_static("x-amz-checksum-sha256");
-
-pub type Crc32Checksum = [u8; 4];
-pub type Crc32cChecksum = [u8; 4];
-pub type Md5Checksum = [u8; 16];
-pub type Sha1Checksum = [u8; 20];
-pub type Sha256Checksum = [u8; 32];
-
-#[derive(Debug, Default)]
-pub(crate) struct ExpectedChecksums {
-	// base64-encoded md5 (content-md5 header)
-	pub md5: Option<String>,
-	// content_sha256 (as a Hash / FixedBytes32)
-	pub sha256: Option<Hash>,
-	// extra x-amz-checksum-* header
-	pub extra: Option<ChecksumValue>,
-}
-
-pub(crate) struct Checksummer {
-	pub crc32: Option<Crc32>,
-	pub crc32c: Option<Crc32c>,
-	pub md5: Option<Md5>,
-	pub sha1: Option<Sha1>,
-	pub sha256: Option<Sha256>,
-}
-
-#[derive(Default)]
-pub(crate) struct Checksums {
-	pub crc32: Option<Crc32Checksum>,
-	pub crc32c: Option<Crc32cChecksum>,
-	pub md5: Option<Md5Checksum>,
-	pub sha1: Option<Sha1Checksum>,
-	pub sha256: Option<Sha256Checksum>,
-}
-
-impl Checksummer {
-	pub(crate) fn init(expected: &ExpectedChecksums, require_md5: bool) -> Self {
-		let mut ret = Self {
-			crc32: None,
-			crc32c: None,
-			md5: None,
-			sha1: None,
-			sha256: None,
-		};
-
-		if expected.md5.is_some() || require_md5 {
-			ret.md5 = Some(Md5::new());
-		}
-		if expected.sha256.is_some() || matches!(&expected.extra, Some(ChecksumValue::Sha256(_))) {
-			ret.sha256 = Some(Sha256::new());
-		}
-		if matches!(&expected.extra, Some(ChecksumValue::Crc32(_))) {
-			ret.crc32 = Some(Crc32::new());
-		}
-		if matches!(&expected.extra, Some(ChecksumValue::Crc32c(_))) {
-			ret.crc32c = Some(Crc32c::default());
-		}
-		if matches!(&expected.extra, Some(ChecksumValue::Sha1(_))) {
-			ret.sha1 = Some(Sha1::new());
-		}
-		ret
-	}
-
-	pub(crate) fn add(mut self, algo: Option<ChecksumAlgorithm>) -> Self {
-		match algo {
-			Some(ChecksumAlgorithm::Crc32) => {
-				self.crc32 = Some(Crc32::new());
-			}
-			Some(ChecksumAlgorithm::Crc32c) => {
-				self.crc32c = Some(Crc32c::default());
-			}
-			Some(ChecksumAlgorithm::Sha1) => {
-				self.sha1 = Some(Sha1::new());
-			}
-			Some(ChecksumAlgorithm::Sha256) => {
-				self.sha256 = Some(Sha256::new());
-			}
-			None => (),
-		}
-		self
-	}
-
-	pub(crate) fn update(&mut self, bytes: &[u8]) {
-		if let Some(crc32) = &mut self.crc32 {
-			crc32.update(bytes);
-		}
-		if let Some(crc32c) = &mut self.crc32c {
-			crc32c.write(bytes);
-		}
-		if let Some(md5) = &mut self.md5 {
-			md5.update(bytes);
-		}
-		if let Some(sha1) = &mut self.sha1 {
-			sha1.update(bytes);
-		}
-		if let Some(sha256) = &mut self.sha256 {
-			sha256.update(bytes);
-		}
-	}
-
-	pub(crate) fn finalize(self) -> Checksums {
-		Checksums {
-			crc32: self.crc32.map(|x| u32::to_be_bytes(x.finalize())),
-			crc32c: self
-				.crc32c
-				.map(|x| u32::to_be_bytes(u32::try_from(x.finish()).unwrap())),
-			md5: self.md5.map(|x| x.finalize()[..].try_into().unwrap()),
-			sha1: self.sha1.map(|x| x.finalize()[..].try_into().unwrap()),
-			sha256: self.sha256.map(|x| x.finalize()[..].try_into().unwrap()),
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-impl Checksums {
-	pub fn verify(&self, expected: &ExpectedChecksums) -> Result<(), Error> {
-		if let Some(expected_md5) = &expected.md5 {
-			match self.md5 {
-				Some(md5) if BASE64_STANDARD.encode(&md5) == expected_md5.trim_matches('"') => (),
-				_ => {
-					return Err(Error::InvalidDigest(
-						"MD5 checksum verification failed (from content-md5)".into(),
-					))
-				}
-			}
-		}
-		if let Some(expected_sha256) = &expected.sha256 {
-			match self.sha256 {
-				Some(sha256) if &sha256[..] == expected_sha256.as_slice() => (),
-				_ => {
-					return Err(Error::InvalidDigest(
-						"SHA256 checksum verification failed (from x-amz-content-sha256)".into(),
-					))
-				}
-			}
-		}
-		if let Some(extra) = expected.extra {
-			let algo = extra.algorithm();
-			if self.extract(Some(algo)) != Some(extra) {
-				return Err(Error::InvalidDigest(format!(
-					"Failed to validate checksum for algorithm {:?}",
-					algo
-				)));
-			}
-		}
-		Ok(())
-	}
-
-	pub fn extract(&self, algo: Option<ChecksumAlgorithm>) -> Option<ChecksumValue> {
-		match algo {
-			None => None,
-			Some(ChecksumAlgorithm::Crc32) => Some(ChecksumValue::Crc32(self.crc32.unwrap())),
-			Some(ChecksumAlgorithm::Crc32c) => Some(ChecksumValue::Crc32c(self.crc32c.unwrap())),
-			Some(ChecksumAlgorithm::Sha1) => Some(ChecksumValue::Sha1(self.sha1.unwrap())),
-			Some(ChecksumAlgorithm::Sha256) => Some(ChecksumValue::Sha256(self.sha256.unwrap())),
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-// ----
-
-#[derive(Default)]
-pub(crate) struct MultipartChecksummer {
-	pub md5: Md5,
-	pub extra: Option<MultipartExtraChecksummer>,
-}
-
-pub(crate) enum MultipartExtraChecksummer {
-	Crc32(Crc32),
-	Crc32c(Crc32c),
-	Sha1(Sha1),
-	Sha256(Sha256),
-}
-
-impl MultipartChecksummer {
-	pub(crate) fn init(algo: Option<ChecksumAlgorithm>) -> Self {
-		Self {
-			md5: Md5::new(),
-			extra: match algo {
-				None => None,
-				Some(ChecksumAlgorithm::Crc32) => {
-					Some(MultipartExtraChecksummer::Crc32(Crc32::new()))
-				}
-				Some(ChecksumAlgorithm::Crc32c) => {
-					Some(MultipartExtraChecksummer::Crc32c(Crc32c::default()))
-				}
-				Some(ChecksumAlgorithm::Sha1) => Some(MultipartExtraChecksummer::Sha1(Sha1::new())),
-				Some(ChecksumAlgorithm::Sha256) => {
-					Some(MultipartExtraChecksummer::Sha256(Sha256::new()))
-				}
-			},
-		}
-	}
-
-	pub(crate) fn update(
-		&mut self,
-		etag: &str,
-		checksum: Option<ChecksumValue>,
-	) -> Result<(), Error> {
-		self.md5
-			.update(&hex::decode(&etag).ok_or_message("invalid etag hex")?);
-		match (&mut self.extra, checksum) {
-			(None, _) => (),
-			(
-				Some(MultipartExtraChecksummer::Crc32(ref mut crc32)),
-				Some(ChecksumValue::Crc32(x)),
-			) => {
-				crc32.update(&x);
-			}
-			(
-				Some(MultipartExtraChecksummer::Crc32c(ref mut crc32c)),
-				Some(ChecksumValue::Crc32c(x)),
-			) => {
-				crc32c.write(&x);
-			}
-			(Some(MultipartExtraChecksummer::Sha1(ref mut sha1)), Some(ChecksumValue::Sha1(x))) => {
-				sha1.update(&x);
-			}
-			(
-				Some(MultipartExtraChecksummer::Sha256(ref mut sha256)),
-				Some(ChecksumValue::Sha256(x)),
-			) => {
-				sha256.update(&x);
-			}
-			(Some(_), b) => {
-				return Err(Error::internal_error(format!(
-					"part checksum was not computed correctly, got: {:?}",
-					b
-				)))
-			}
-		}
-		Ok(())
-	}
-
-	pub(crate) fn finalize(self) -> (Md5Checksum, Option<ChecksumValue>) {
-		let md5 = self.md5.finalize()[..].try_into().unwrap();
-		let extra = match self.extra {
-			None => None,
-			Some(MultipartExtraChecksummer::Crc32(crc32)) => {
-				Some(ChecksumValue::Crc32(u32::to_be_bytes(crc32.finalize())))
-			}
-			Some(MultipartExtraChecksummer::Crc32c(crc32c)) => Some(ChecksumValue::Crc32c(
-				u32::to_be_bytes(u32::try_from(crc32c.finish()).unwrap()),
-			)),
-			Some(MultipartExtraChecksummer::Sha1(sha1)) => {
-				Some(ChecksumValue::Sha1(sha1.finalize()[..].try_into().unwrap()))
-			}
-			Some(MultipartExtraChecksummer::Sha256(sha256)) => Some(ChecksumValue::Sha256(
-				sha256.finalize()[..].try_into().unwrap(),
-			)),
-		};
-		(md5, extra)
-	}
-}
-
-// ----
-
-/// Extract the value of the x-amz-checksum-algorithm header
-pub(crate) fn request_checksum_algorithm(
-	headers: &HeaderMap<HeaderValue>,
-) -> Result<Option<ChecksumAlgorithm>, Error> {
-	match headers.get(X_AMZ_CHECKSUM_ALGORITHM) {
-		None => Ok(None),
-		Some(x) if x == "CRC32" => Ok(Some(ChecksumAlgorithm::Crc32)),
-		Some(x) if x == "CRC32C" => Ok(Some(ChecksumAlgorithm::Crc32c)),
-		Some(x) if x == "SHA1" => Ok(Some(ChecksumAlgorithm::Sha1)),
-		Some(x) if x == "SHA256" => Ok(Some(ChecksumAlgorithm::Sha256)),
-		_ => Err(Error::bad_request("invalid checksum algorithm")),
-	}
-}
-
-/// Extract the value of any of the x-amz-checksum-* headers
-pub(crate) fn request_checksum_value(
-	headers: &HeaderMap<HeaderValue>,
-) -> Result<Option<ChecksumValue>, Error> {
-	let mut ret = vec![];
-
-	if let Some(crc32_str) = headers.get(X_AMZ_CHECKSUM_CRC32) {
-		let crc32 = BASE64_STANDARD
-			.decode(&crc32_str)
-			.ok()
-			.and_then(|x| x.try_into().ok())
-			.ok_or_bad_request("invalid x-amz-checksum-crc32 header")?;
-		ret.push(ChecksumValue::Crc32(crc32))
-	}
-	if let Some(crc32c_str) = headers.get(X_AMZ_CHECKSUM_CRC32C) {
-		let crc32c = BASE64_STANDARD
-			.decode(&crc32c_str)
-			.ok()
-			.and_then(|x| x.try_into().ok())
-			.ok_or_bad_request("invalid x-amz-checksum-crc32c header")?;
-		ret.push(ChecksumValue::Crc32c(crc32c))
-	}
-	if let Some(sha1_str) = headers.get(X_AMZ_CHECKSUM_SHA1) {
-		let sha1 = BASE64_STANDARD
-			.decode(&sha1_str)
-			.ok()
-			.and_then(|x| x.try_into().ok())
-			.ok_or_bad_request("invalid x-amz-checksum-sha1 header")?;
-		ret.push(ChecksumValue::Sha1(sha1))
-	}
-	if let Some(sha256_str) = headers.get(X_AMZ_CHECKSUM_SHA256) {
-		let sha256 = BASE64_STANDARD
-			.decode(&sha256_str)
-			.ok()
-			.and_then(|x| x.try_into().ok())
-			.ok_or_bad_request("invalid x-amz-checksum-sha256 header")?;
-		ret.push(ChecksumValue::Sha256(sha256))
-	}
-
-	if ret.len() > 1 {
-		return Err(Error::bad_request(
-			"multiple x-amz-checksum-* headers given",
-		));
-	}
-	Ok(ret.pop())
-}
-
-/// Checks for the presence of x-amz-checksum-algorithm
-/// if so extract the corresponding x-amz-checksum-* value
-pub(crate) fn request_checksum_algorithm_value(
-	headers: &HeaderMap<HeaderValue>,
-) -> Result<Option<ChecksumValue>, Error> {
-	match headers.get(X_AMZ_CHECKSUM_ALGORITHM) {
-		Some(x) if x == "CRC32" => {
-			let crc32 = headers
-				.get(X_AMZ_CHECKSUM_CRC32)
-				.and_then(|x| BASE64_STANDARD.decode(&x).ok())
-				.and_then(|x| x.try_into().ok())
-				.ok_or_bad_request("invalid x-amz-checksum-crc32 header")?;
-			Ok(Some(ChecksumValue::Crc32(crc32)))
-		}
-		Some(x) if x == "CRC32C" => {
-			let crc32c = headers
-				.get(X_AMZ_CHECKSUM_CRC32C)
-				.and_then(|x| BASE64_STANDARD.decode(&x).ok())
-				.and_then(|x| x.try_into().ok())
-				.ok_or_bad_request("invalid x-amz-checksum-crc32c header")?;
-			Ok(Some(ChecksumValue::Crc32c(crc32c)))
-		}
-		Some(x) if x == "SHA1" => {
-			let sha1 = headers
-				.get(X_AMZ_CHECKSUM_SHA1)
-				.and_then(|x| BASE64_STANDARD.decode(&x).ok())
-				.and_then(|x| x.try_into().ok())
-				.ok_or_bad_request("invalid x-amz-checksum-sha1 header")?;
-			Ok(Some(ChecksumValue::Sha1(sha1)))
-		}
-		Some(x) if x == "SHA256" => {
-			let sha256 = headers
-				.get(X_AMZ_CHECKSUM_SHA256)
-				.and_then(|x| BASE64_STANDARD.decode(&x).ok())
-				.and_then(|x| x.try_into().ok())
-				.ok_or_bad_request("invalid x-amz-checksum-sha256 header")?;
-			Ok(Some(ChecksumValue::Sha256(sha256)))
-		}
-		Some(_) => Err(Error::bad_request("invalid x-amz-checksum-algorithm")),
-		None => Ok(None),
-	}
-}
-
-pub(crate) fn add_checksum_response_headers(
-	checksum: &Option<ChecksumValue>,
-	mut resp: http::response::Builder,
-) -> http::response::Builder {
-	match checksum {
-		Some(ChecksumValue::Crc32(crc32)) => {
-			resp = resp.header(X_AMZ_CHECKSUM_CRC32, BASE64_STANDARD.encode(&crc32));
-		}
-		Some(ChecksumValue::Crc32c(crc32c)) => {
-			resp = resp.header(X_AMZ_CHECKSUM_CRC32C, BASE64_STANDARD.encode(&crc32c));
-		}
-		Some(ChecksumValue::Sha1(sha1)) => {
-			resp = resp.header(X_AMZ_CHECKSUM_SHA1, BASE64_STANDARD.encode(&sha1));
-		}
-		Some(ChecksumValue::Sha256(sha256)) => {
-			resp = resp.header(X_AMZ_CHECKSUM_SHA256, BASE64_STANDARD.encode(&sha256));
-		}
-		None => (),
-	}
-	resp
-}
--- a/src/api/s3/copy.rs
+++ b/src/api/s3/copy.rs
@ -1,47 +1,43 @@
 use std::pin::Pin;
+use std::sync::Arc;
 use std::time::{Duration, SystemTime, UNIX_EPOCH};

-use futures::{stream, stream::Stream, StreamExt, TryStreamExt};
+use futures::{stream, stream::Stream, StreamExt};
+use md5::{Digest as Md5Digest, Md5};

 use bytes::Bytes;
-use hyper::{Request, Response};
+use hyper::{Body, Request, Response};
 use serde::Serialize;

-use garage_net::bytes_buf::BytesBuf;
-use garage_net::stream::read_stream_to_end;
+use garage_rpc::netapp::bytes_buf::BytesBuf;
 use garage_rpc::rpc_helper::OrderTag;
 use garage_table::*;
 use garage_util::data::*;
-use garage_util::error::Error as GarageError;
 use garage_util::time::*;

+use garage_model::garage::Garage;
+use garage_model::key_table::Key;
 use garage_model::s3::block_ref_table::*;
 use garage_model::s3::mpu_table::*;
 use garage_model::s3::object_table::*;
 use garage_model::s3::version_table::*;

-use crate::helpers::*;
-use crate::s3::api_server::{ReqBody, ResBody};
-use crate::s3::checksum::*;
-use crate::s3::encryption::EncryptionParams;
+use crate::helpers::parse_bucket_key;
 use crate::s3::error::*;
-use crate::s3::get::full_object_byte_stream;
 use crate::s3::multipart;
-use crate::s3::put::{get_headers, save_stream, ChecksumMode, SaveStreamResult};
+use crate::s3::put::get_headers;
 use crate::s3::xml::{self as s3_xml, xmlns_tag};

-// -------- CopyObject ---------
-
 pub async fn handle_copy(
-	ctx: ReqCtx,
-	req: &Request<ReqBody>,
+	garage: Arc<Garage>,
+	api_key: &Key,
+	req: &Request<Body>,
+	dest_bucket_id: Uuid,
 	dest_key: &str,
-) -> Result<Response<ResBody>, Error> {
+) -> Result<Response<Body>, Error> {
 	let copy_precondition = CopyPreconditionHeaders::parse(req)?;

-	let checksum_algorithm = request_checksum_algorithm(req.headers())?;
-
-	let source_object = get_copy_source(&ctx, req).await?;
+	let source_object = get_copy_source(&garage, api_key, req).await?;

 	let (source_version, source_version_data, source_version_meta) =
 		extract_source_info(&source_object)?;
@ -49,150 +45,26 @@ pub async fn handle_copy(
 	// Check precondition, e.g. x-amz-copy-source-if-match
 	copy_precondition.check(source_version, &source_version_meta.etag)?;

-	// Determine encryption parameters
-	let (source_encryption, source_object_meta_inner) =
-		EncryptionParams::check_decrypt_for_copy_source(
-			&ctx.garage,
-			req.headers(),
-			&source_version_meta.encryption,
-		)?;
-	let dest_encryption = EncryptionParams::new_from_headers(&ctx.garage, req.headers())?;
-
-	// Extract source checksum info before source_object_meta_inner is consumed
-	let source_checksum = source_object_meta_inner.checksum;
-	let source_checksum_algorithm = source_checksum.map(|x| x.algorithm());
-
-	// If source object has a checksum, the destination object must as well.
-	// The x-amz-checksum-algorithm header allows to change that algorithm,
-	// but if it is absent, we must use the same as before
-	let checksum_algorithm = checksum_algorithm.or(source_checksum_algorithm);
-
-	// Determine metadata of destination object
-	let was_multipart = source_version_meta.etag.contains('-');
-	let dest_object_meta = ObjectVersionMetaInner {
-		headers: match req.headers().get("x-amz-metadata-directive") {
-			Some(v) if v == hyper::header::HeaderValue::from_static("REPLACE") => {
-				get_headers(req.headers())?
-			}
-			_ => source_object_meta_inner.into_owned().headers,
-		},
-		checksum: source_checksum,
-	};
-
-	// Do actual object copying
-	//
-	// In any of the following scenarios, we need to read the whole object
-	// data and re-write it again:
-	//
-	// - the data needs to be decrypted or encrypted
-	// - the requested checksum algorithm requires us to recompute a checksum
-	// - the original object was a multipart upload and a checksum algorithm
-	//   is defined (AWS specifies that in this case, we must recompute the
-	//   checksum from scratch as if this was a single big object and not
-	//   a multipart object, as the checksums are not computed in the same way)
-	//
-	// In other cases, we can just copy the metadata and reference the same blocks.
-	//
-	// See: https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonS3/latest/userguide/checking-object-integrity.html
-
-	let must_recopy = !EncryptionParams::is_same(&source_encryption, &dest_encryption)
-		|| source_checksum_algorithm != checksum_algorithm
-		|| (was_multipart && checksum_algorithm.is_some());
-
-	let res = if !must_recopy {
-		// In most cases, we can just copy the metadata and link blocks of the
-		// old object from the new object.
-		handle_copy_metaonly(
-			ctx,
-			dest_key,
-			dest_object_meta,
-			dest_encryption,
-			source_version,
-			source_version_data,
-			source_version_meta,
-		)
-		.await?
-	} else {
-		let expected_checksum = ExpectedChecksums {
-			md5: None,
-			sha256: None,
-			extra: source_checksum,
-		};
-		let checksum_mode = if was_multipart || source_checksum_algorithm != checksum_algorithm {
-			ChecksumMode::Calculate(checksum_algorithm)
-		} else {
-			ChecksumMode::Verify(&expected_checksum)
-		};
-		// If source and dest encryption use different keys,
-		// we must decrypt content and re-encrypt, so rewrite all data blocks.
-		handle_copy_reencrypt(
-			ctx,
-			dest_key,
-			dest_object_meta,
-			dest_encryption,
-			source_version,
-			source_version_data,
-			source_encryption,
-			checksum_mode,
-		)
-		.await?
-	};
-
-	let last_modified = msec_to_rfc3339(res.version_timestamp);
-	let result = CopyObjectResult {
-		last_modified: s3_xml::Value(last_modified),
-		etag: s3_xml::Value(format!("\"{}\"", res.etag)),
-	};
-	let xml = s3_xml::to_xml_with_header(&result)?;
-
-	let mut resp = Response::builder()
-		.header("Content-Type", "application/xml")
-		.header("x-amz-version-id", hex::encode(res.version_uuid))
-		.header(
-			"x-amz-copy-source-version-id",
-			hex::encode(source_version.uuid),
-		);
-	dest_encryption.add_response_headers(&mut resp);
-	Ok(resp.body(string_body(xml))?)
-}
-
-async fn handle_copy_metaonly(
-	ctx: ReqCtx,
-	dest_key: &str,
-	dest_object_meta: ObjectVersionMetaInner,
-	dest_encryption: EncryptionParams,
-	source_version: &ObjectVersion,
-	source_version_data: &ObjectVersionData,
-	source_version_meta: &ObjectVersionMeta,
-) -> Result<SaveStreamResult, Error> {
-	let ReqCtx {
-		garage,
-		bucket_id: dest_bucket_id,
-		..
-	} = ctx;
-
 	// Generate parameters for copied object
 	let new_uuid = gen_uuid();
 	let new_timestamp = now_msec();

-	let new_meta = ObjectVersionMeta {
-		encryption: dest_encryption.encrypt_meta(dest_object_meta)?,
-		size: source_version_meta.size,
-		etag: source_version_meta.etag.clone(),
+	// Implement x-amz-metadata-directive: REPLACE
+	let new_meta = match req.headers().get("x-amz-metadata-directive") {
+		Some(v) if v == hyper::header::HeaderValue::from_static("REPLACE") => ObjectVersionMeta {
+			headers: get_headers(req.headers())?,
+			size: source_version_meta.size,
+			etag: source_version_meta.etag.clone(),
+		},
+		_ => source_version_meta.clone(),
 	};

-	let res = SaveStreamResult {
-		version_uuid: new_uuid,
-		version_timestamp: new_timestamp,
-		etag: new_meta.etag.clone(),
-	};
+	let etag = new_meta.etag.to_string();

 	// Save object copy
 	match source_version_data {
 		ObjectVersionData::DeleteMarker => unreachable!(),
 		ObjectVersionData::Inline(_meta, bytes) => {
-			// bytes is either plaintext before&after or encrypted with the
-			// same keys, so it's ok to just copy it as is
 			let dest_object_version = ObjectVersion {
 				uuid: new_uuid,
 				timestamp: new_timestamp,
@ -223,8 +95,7 @@ async fn handle_copy_metaonly(
 				uuid: new_uuid,
 				timestamp: new_timestamp,
 				state: ObjectVersionState::Uploading {
-					encryption: new_meta.encryption.clone(),
-					checksum_algorithm: None,
+					headers: new_meta.headers.clone(),
 					multipart: false,
 				},
 			};
@ -291,85 +162,48 @@ async fn handle_copy_metaonly(
 		}
 	}

-	Ok(res)
+	let last_modified = msec_to_rfc3339(new_timestamp);
+	let result = CopyObjectResult {
+		last_modified: s3_xml::Value(last_modified),
+		etag: s3_xml::Value(format!("\"{}\"", etag)),
+	};
+	let xml = s3_xml::to_xml_with_header(&result)?;
+
+	Ok(Response::builder()
+		.header("Content-Type", "application/xml")
+		.header("x-amz-version-id", hex::encode(new_uuid))
+		.header(
+			"x-amz-copy-source-version-id",
+			hex::encode(source_version.uuid),
+		)
+		.body(Body::from(xml))?)
 }

-async fn handle_copy_reencrypt(
-	ctx: ReqCtx,
-	dest_key: &str,
-	dest_object_meta: ObjectVersionMetaInner,
-	dest_encryption: EncryptionParams,
-	source_version: &ObjectVersion,
-	source_version_data: &ObjectVersionData,
-	source_encryption: EncryptionParams,
-	checksum_mode: ChecksumMode<'_>,
-) -> Result<SaveStreamResult, Error> {
-	// basically we will read the source data (decrypt if necessary)
-	// and save that in a new object (encrypt if necessary),
-	// by combining the code used in getobject and putobject
-	let source_stream = full_object_byte_stream(
-		ctx.garage.clone(),
-		source_version,
-		source_version_data,
-		source_encryption,
-	);
-
-	save_stream(
-		&ctx,
-		dest_object_meta,
-		dest_encryption,
-		source_stream.map_err(|e| Error::from(GarageError::from(e))),
-		&dest_key.to_string(),
-		checksum_mode,
-	)
-	.await
-}
-
-// -------- UploadPartCopy ---------
-
 pub async fn handle_upload_part_copy(
-	ctx: ReqCtx,
-	req: &Request<ReqBody>,
+	garage: Arc<Garage>,
+	api_key: &Key,
+	req: &Request<Body>,
+	dest_bucket_id: Uuid,
 	dest_key: &str,
 	part_number: u64,
 	upload_id: &str,
-) -> Result<Response<ResBody>, Error> {
+) -> Result<Response<Body>, Error> {
 	let copy_precondition = CopyPreconditionHeaders::parse(req)?;

 	let dest_upload_id = multipart::decode_upload_id(upload_id)?;

 	let dest_key = dest_key.to_string();
-	let (source_object, (_, dest_version, mut dest_mpu)) = futures::try_join!(
-		get_copy_source(&ctx, req),
-		multipart::get_upload(&ctx, &dest_key, &dest_upload_id)
+	let (source_object, (_, _, mut dest_mpu)) = futures::try_join!(
+		get_copy_source(&garage, api_key, req),
+		multipart::get_upload(&garage, &dest_bucket_id, &dest_key, &dest_upload_id)
 	)?;

-	let ReqCtx { garage, .. } = ctx;
-
 	let (source_object_version, source_version_data, source_version_meta) =
 		extract_source_info(&source_object)?;

 	// Check precondition on source, e.g. x-amz-copy-source-if-match
 	copy_precondition.check(source_object_version, &source_version_meta.etag)?;

-	// Determine encryption parameters
-	let (source_encryption, _) = EncryptionParams::check_decrypt_for_copy_source(
-		&garage,
-		req.headers(),
-		&source_version_meta.encryption,
-	)?;
-	let (dest_object_encryption, dest_object_checksum_algorithm) = match dest_version.state {
-		ObjectVersionState::Uploading {
-			encryption,
-			checksum_algorithm,
-			..
-		} => (encryption, checksum_algorithm),
-		_ => unreachable!(),
-	};
-	let (dest_encryption, _) =
-		EncryptionParams::check_decrypt(&garage, req.headers(), &dest_object_encryption)?;
-	let same_encryption = EncryptionParams::is_same(&source_encryption, &dest_encryption);
-
 	// Check source range is valid
 	let source_range = match req.headers().get("x-amz-copy-source-range") {
 		Some(range) => {
@ -391,16 +225,21 @@ pub async fn handle_upload_part_copy(
 	};

 	// Check source version is not inlined
-	if matches!(source_version_data, ObjectVersionData::Inline(_, _)) {
-		// This is only for small files, we don't bother handling this.
-		// (in AWS UploadPartCopy works for parts at least 5MB which
-		// is never the case of an inline object)
-		return Err(Error::bad_request(
-			"Source object is too small (minimum part size is 5Mb)",
-		));
-	}
+	match source_version_data {
+		ObjectVersionData::DeleteMarker => unreachable!(),
+		ObjectVersionData::Inline(_meta, _bytes) => {
+			// This is only for small files, we don't bother handling this.
+			// (in AWS UploadPartCopy works for parts at least 5MB which
+			// is never the case of an inline object)
+			return Err(Error::bad_request(
+				"Source object is too small (minimum part size is 5Mb)",
+			));
+		}
+		ObjectVersionData::FirstBlock(_meta, _first_block_hash) => (),
+	};

-	// Fetch source version with its block list
+	// Fetch source versin with its block list,
+	// and destination version to check part hasn't yet been uploaded
 	let source_version = garage
 		.version_table
 		.get(&source_object_version.uuid, &EmptyKey)
@ -410,9 +249,7 @@ pub async fn handle_upload_part_copy(
 	// We want to reuse blocks from the source version as much as possible.
 	// However, we still need to get the data from these blocks
 	// because we need to know it to calculate the MD5sum of the part
-	// which is used as its ETag. For encrypted sources or destinations,
-	// we must always read(+decrypt) and then write(+encrypt), so we
-	// can never reuse data blocks as is.
+	// which is used as its ETag.

 	// First, calculate what blocks we want to keep,
 	// and the subrange of the block to take, if the bounds of the
@ -461,9 +298,7 @@ pub async fn handle_upload_part_copy(
 		dest_mpu_part_key,
 		MpuPart {
 			version: dest_version_id,
-			// These are all filled in later (bottom of this function)
 			etag: None,
-			checksum: None,
 			size: None,
 		},
 	);
@ -476,55 +311,32 @@ pub async fn handle_upload_part_copy(
 		},
 		false,
 	);
-	// write an empty version now to be the parent of the block_ref entries
-	garage.version_table.insert(&dest_version).await?;

 	// Now, actually copy the blocks
-	let mut checksummer = Checksummer::init(&Default::default(), !dest_encryption.is_encrypted())
-		.add(dest_object_checksum_algorithm);
+	let mut md5hasher = Md5::new();

 	// First, create a stream that is able to read the source blocks
 	// and extract the subrange if necessary.
 	// The second returned value is an Option<Hash>, that is Some
 	// if and only if the block returned is a block that already existed
-	// in the Garage data store and can be reused as-is instead of having
-	// to save it again. This excludes encrypted source blocks that we had
-	// to decrypt.
+	// in the Garage data store (thus we don't need to save it again).
 	let garage2 = garage.clone();
 	let order_stream = OrderTag::stream();
 	let source_blocks = stream::iter(blocks_to_copy)
 		.enumerate()
-		.map(|(i, (block_hash, range_to_copy))| {
+		.flat_map(|(i, (block_hash, range_to_copy))| {
 			let garage3 = garage2.clone();
-			async move {
-				let stream = source_encryption
-					.get_block(&garage3, &block_hash, Some(order_stream.order(i as u64)))
+			stream::once(async move {
+				let data = garage3
+					.block_manager
+					.rpc_get_block(&block_hash, Some(order_stream.order(i as u64)))
 					.await?;
-				let data = read_stream_to_end(stream).await?.into_bytes();
-				// For each item, we return a tuple of:
-				// 1. the full data block (decrypted)
-				// 2. an Option<Hash> that indicates the hash of the block in the block store,
-				//    only if it can be re-used as-is in the copied object
 				match range_to_copy {
-					Some(r) => {
-						// If we are taking a subslice of the data, we cannot reuse the block as-is
-						Ok((data.slice(r), None))
-					}
-					None if same_encryption => {
-						// If the data is unencrypted before & after, or if we are using
-						// the same encryption key, we can reuse the stored block, no need
-						// to re-send it to storage nodes.
-						Ok((data, Some(block_hash)))
-					}
-					None => {
-						// If we are decrypting / (re)encrypting with different keys,
-						// we cannot reuse the block as-is
-						Ok((data, None))
-					}
+					Some(r) => Ok((data.slice(r), None)),
+					None => Ok((data, Some(block_hash))),
 				}
-			}
+			})
 		})
-		.buffered(2)
 		.peekable();

 	// The defragmenter is a custom stream (defined below) that concatenates
@ -532,39 +344,22 @@ pub async fn handle_upload_part_copy(
 	// It returns a series of (Vec<u8>, Option<Hash>).
 	// When it is done, it returns an empty vec.
 	// Same as the previous iterator, the Option is Some(_) if and only if
-	// it's an existing block of the Garage data store that can be reused.
+	// it's an existing block of the Garage data store.
 	let mut defragmenter = Defragmenter::new(garage.config.block_size, Box::pin(source_blocks));

 	let mut current_offset = 0;
 	let mut next_block = defragmenter.next().await?;

-	// TODO this could be optimized similarly to read_and_put_blocks
-	// low priority because uploadpartcopy is rarely used
 	loop {
 		let (data, existing_block_hash) = next_block;
 		if data.is_empty() {
 			break;
 		}

-		let data_len = data.len() as u64;
+		md5hasher.update(&data[..]);

-		let (checksummer_updated, (data_to_upload, final_hash)) =
-			tokio::task::spawn_blocking(move || {
-				checksummer.update(&data[..]);
-
-				let tup = match existing_block_hash {
-					Some(hash) if same_encryption => (None, hash),
-					_ => {
-						let data_enc = dest_encryption.encrypt_block(data)?;
-						let hash = blake2sum(&data_enc);
-						(Some(data_enc), hash)
-					}
-				};
-				Ok::<_, Error>((checksummer, tup))
-			})
-			.await
-			.unwrap()?;
-		checksummer = checksummer_updated;
+		let must_upload = existing_block_hash.is_none();
+		let final_hash = existing_block_hash.unwrap_or_else(|| blake2sum(&data[..]));

 		dest_version.blocks.clear();
 		dest_version.blocks.put(
@ -574,10 +369,10 @@ pub async fn handle_upload_part_copy(
 			},
 			VersionBlock {
 				hash: final_hash,
-				size: data_len,
+				size: data.len() as u64,
 			},
 		);
-		current_offset += data_len;
+		current_offset += data.len() as u64;

 		let block_ref = BlockRef {
 			block: final_hash,
@ -585,34 +380,33 @@ pub async fn handle_upload_part_copy(
 			deleted: false.into(),
 		};

-		let (_, _, _, next) = futures::try_join!(
+		let garage2 = garage.clone();
+		let res = futures::try_join!(
 			// Thing 1: if the block is not exactly a block that existed before,
 			// we need to insert that data as a new block.
-			async {
-				if let Some(final_data) = data_to_upload {
-					garage
-						.block_manager
-						.rpc_put_block(final_hash, final_data, dest_encryption.is_encrypted(), None)
-						.await
+			async move {
+				if must_upload {
+					garage2.block_manager.rpc_put_block(final_hash, data).await
 				} else {
 					Ok(())
 				}
 			},
-			// Thing 2: we need to insert the block in the version
-			garage.version_table.insert(&dest_version),
-			// Thing 3: we need to add a block reference
-			garage.block_ref_table.insert(&block_ref),
-			// Thing 4: we need to read the next block
+			async {
+				// Thing 2: we need to insert the block in the version
+				garage.version_table.insert(&dest_version).await?;
+				// Thing 3: we need to add a block reference
+				garage.block_ref_table.insert(&block_ref).await
+			},
+			// Thing 4: we need to prefetch the next block
 			defragmenter.next(),
 		)?;
-		next_block = next;
+		next_block = res.2;
 	}

 	assert_eq!(current_offset, source_range.length);

-	let checksums = checksummer.finalize();
-	let etag = dest_encryption.etag_from_md5(&checksums.md5);
-	let checksum = checksums.extract(dest_object_checksum_algorithm);
+	let data_md5sum = md5hasher.finalize();
+	let etag = hex::encode(data_md5sum);

 	// Put the part's ETag in the Versiontable
 	dest_mpu.parts.put(
@ -620,7 +414,6 @@ pub async fn handle_upload_part_copy(
 		MpuPart {
 			version: dest_version_id,
 			etag: Some(etag.clone()),
-			checksum,
 			size: Some(current_offset),
 		},
 	);
@ -633,21 +426,20 @@ pub async fn handle_upload_part_copy(
 		last_modified: s3_xml::Value(msec_to_rfc3339(source_object_version.timestamp)),
 	})?;

-	let mut resp = Response::builder()
+	Ok(Response::builder()
 		.header("Content-Type", "application/xml")
 		.header(
 			"x-amz-copy-source-version-id",
 			hex::encode(source_object_version.uuid),
-		);
-	dest_encryption.add_response_headers(&mut resp);
-	Ok(resp.body(string_body(resp_xml))?)
+		)
+		.body(Body::from(resp_xml))?)
 }

-async fn get_copy_source(ctx: &ReqCtx, req: &Request<ReqBody>) -> Result<Object, Error> {
-	let ReqCtx {
-		garage, api_key, ..
-	} = ctx;
-
+async fn get_copy_source(
+	garage: &Garage,
+	api_key: &Key,
+	req: &Request<Body>,
+) -> Result<Object, Error> {
 	let copy_source = req.headers().get("x-amz-copy-source").unwrap().to_str()?;
 	let copy_source = percent_encoding::percent_decode_str(copy_source).decode_utf8()?;

@ -709,7 +501,7 @@ struct CopyPreconditionHeaders {
 }

 impl CopyPreconditionHeaders {
-	fn parse(req: &Request<ReqBody>) -> Result<Self, Error> {
+	fn parse(req: &Request<Body>) -> Result<Self, Error> {
 		Ok(Self {
 			copy_source_if_match: req
 				.headers()
--- a/src/api/s3/cors.rs
+++ b/src/api/s3/cors.rs
@ -5,29 +5,24 @@ use http::header::{
 	ACCESS_CONTROL_ALLOW_HEADERS, ACCESS_CONTROL_ALLOW_METHODS, ACCESS_CONTROL_ALLOW_ORIGIN,
 	ACCESS_CONTROL_EXPOSE_HEADERS, ACCESS_CONTROL_REQUEST_HEADERS, ACCESS_CONTROL_REQUEST_METHOD,
 };
-use hyper::{
-	body::Body, body::Incoming as IncomingBody, header::HeaderName, Method, Request, Response,
-	StatusCode,
-};
-
-use http_body_util::BodyExt;
+use hyper::{header::HeaderName, Body, Method, Request, Response, StatusCode};

 use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};

-use crate::common_error::CommonError;
-use crate::helpers::*;
-use crate::s3::api_server::{ReqBody, ResBody};
 use crate::s3::error::*;
 use crate::s3::xml::{to_xml_with_header, xmlns_tag, IntValue, Value};
 use crate::signature::verify_signed_content;

-use garage_model::bucket_table::{Bucket, BucketParams, CorsRule as GarageCorsRule};
+use garage_model::bucket_table::{Bucket, CorsRule as GarageCorsRule};
 use garage_model::garage::Garage;
 use garage_util::data::*;

-pub async fn handle_get_cors(ctx: ReqCtx) -> Result<Response<ResBody>, Error> {
-	let ReqCtx { bucket_params, .. } = ctx;
-	if let Some(cors) = bucket_params.cors_config.get() {
+pub async fn handle_get_cors(bucket: &Bucket) -> Result<Response<Body>, Error> {
+	let param = bucket
+		.params()
+		.ok_or_internal_error("Bucket should not be deleted at this point")?;
+
+	if let Some(cors) = param.cors_config.get() {
 		let wc = CorsConfiguration {
 			xmlns: (),
 			cors_rules: cors
@ -39,71 +34,64 @@ pub async fn handle_get_cors(ctx: ReqCtx) -> Result<Response<ResBody>, Error> {
 		Ok(Response::builder()
 			.status(StatusCode::OK)
 			.header(http::header::CONTENT_TYPE, "application/xml")
-			.body(string_body(xml))?)
+			.body(Body::from(xml))?)
 	} else {
 		Ok(Response::builder()
 			.status(StatusCode::NO_CONTENT)
-			.body(empty_body())?)
+			.body(Body::empty())?)
 	}
 }

-pub async fn handle_delete_cors(ctx: ReqCtx) -> Result<Response<ResBody>, Error> {
-	let ReqCtx {
-		garage,
-		bucket_id,
-		mut bucket_params,
-		..
-	} = ctx;
-	bucket_params.cors_config.update(None);
-	garage
-		.bucket_table
-		.insert(&Bucket::present(bucket_id, bucket_params))
-		.await?;
+pub async fn handle_delete_cors(
+	garage: Arc<Garage>,
+	mut bucket: Bucket,
+) -> Result<Response<Body>, Error> {
+	let param = bucket
+		.params_mut()
+		.ok_or_internal_error("Bucket should not be deleted at this point")?;
+
+	param.cors_config.update(None);
+	garage.bucket_table.insert(&bucket).await?;

 	Ok(Response::builder()
 		.status(StatusCode::NO_CONTENT)
-		.body(empty_body())?)
+		.body(Body::empty())?)
 }

 pub async fn handle_put_cors(
-	ctx: ReqCtx,
-	req: Request<ReqBody>,
+	garage: Arc<Garage>,
+	mut bucket: Bucket,
+	req: Request<Body>,
 	content_sha256: Option<Hash>,
-) -> Result<Response<ResBody>, Error> {
-	let ReqCtx {
-		garage,
-		bucket_id,
-		mut bucket_params,
-		..
-	} = ctx;
-
-	let body = BodyExt::collect(req.into_body()).await?.to_bytes();
+) -> Result<Response<Body>, Error> {
+	let body = hyper::body::to_bytes(req.into_body()).await?;

 	if let Some(content_sha256) = content_sha256 {
 		verify_signed_content(content_sha256, &body[..])?;
 	}

+	let param = bucket
+		.params_mut()
+		.ok_or_internal_error("Bucket should not be deleted at this point")?;
+
 	let conf: CorsConfiguration = from_reader(&body as &[u8])?;
 	conf.validate()?;

-	bucket_params
+	param
 		.cors_config
 		.update(Some(conf.into_garage_cors_config()?));
-	garage
-		.bucket_table
-		.insert(&Bucket::present(bucket_id, bucket_params))
-		.await?;
+	garage.bucket_table.insert(&bucket).await?;

 	Ok(Response::builder()
 		.status(StatusCode::OK)
-		.body(empty_body())?)
+		.body(Body::empty())?)
 }

-pub async fn handle_options_api(
+pub async fn handle_options_s3api(
 	garage: Arc<Garage>,
-	req: &Request<IncomingBody>,
+	req: &Request<Body>,
 	bucket_name: Option<String>,
-) -> Result<Response<EmptyBody>, CommonError> {
+) -> Result<Response<Body>, Error> {
 	// FIXME: CORS rules of buckets with local aliases are
 	// not taken into account.

@ -119,8 +107,7 @@ pub async fn handle_options_api(
 		let bucket_id = helper.resolve_global_bucket_name(&bn).await?;
 		if let Some(id) = bucket_id {
 			let bucket = garage.bucket_helper().get_existing_bucket(id).await?;
-			let bucket_params = bucket.state.into_option().unwrap();
-			handle_options_for_bucket(req, &bucket_params)
+			handle_options_for_bucket(req, &bucket)
 		} else {
 			// If there is a bucket name in the request, but that name
 			// does not correspond to a global alias for a bucket,
@ -134,7 +121,7 @@ pub async fn handle_options_api(
 				.header(ACCESS_CONTROL_ALLOW_ORIGIN, "*")
 				.header(ACCESS_CONTROL_ALLOW_METHODS, "*")
 				.status(StatusCode::OK)
-				.body(EmptyBody::new())?)
+				.body(Body::empty())?)
 		}
 	} else {
 		// If there is no bucket name in the request,
@ -144,14 +131,14 @@ pub async fn handle_options_api(
 			.header(ACCESS_CONTROL_ALLOW_ORIGIN, "*")
 			.header(ACCESS_CONTROL_ALLOW_METHODS, "GET")
 			.status(StatusCode::OK)
-			.body(EmptyBody::new())?)
+			.body(Body::empty())?)
 	}
 }

 pub fn handle_options_for_bucket(
-	req: &Request<IncomingBody>,
-	bucket_params: &BucketParams,
-) -> Result<Response<EmptyBody>, CommonError> {
+	req: &Request<Body>,
+	bucket: &Bucket,
+) -> Result<Response<Body>, Error> {
 	let origin = req
 		.headers()
 		.get("Origin")
@ -167,29 +154,27 @@ pub fn handle_options_for_bucket(
 		None => vec![],
 	};

-	if let Some(cors_config) = bucket_params.cors_config.get() {
+	if let Some(cors_config) = bucket.params().unwrap().cors_config.get() {
 		let matching_rule = cors_config
 			.iter()
 			.find(|rule| cors_rule_matches(rule, origin, request_method, request_headers.iter()));
 		if let Some(rule) = matching_rule {
 			let mut resp = Response::builder()
 				.status(StatusCode::OK)
-				.body(EmptyBody::new())?;
+				.body(Body::empty())?;
 			add_cors_headers(&mut resp, rule).ok_or_internal_error("Invalid CORS configuration")?;
 			return Ok(resp);
 		}
 	}

-	Err(CommonError::Forbidden(
-		"This CORS request is not allowed.".into(),
-	))
+	Err(Error::forbidden("This CORS request is not allowed."))
 }

 pub fn find_matching_cors_rule<'a>(
-	bucket_params: &'a BucketParams,
-	req: &Request<impl Body>,
+	bucket: &'a Bucket,
+	req: &Request<Body>,
 ) -> Result<Option<&'a GarageCorsRule>, Error> {
-	if let Some(cors_config) = bucket_params.cors_config.get() {
+	if let Some(cors_config) = bucket.params().unwrap().cors_config.get() {
 		if let Some(origin) = req.headers().get("Origin") {
 			let origin = origin.to_str()?;
 			let request_headers = match req.headers().get(ACCESS_CONTROL_REQUEST_HEADERS) {
@ -224,7 +209,7 @@ where
 }

 pub fn add_cors_headers(
-	resp: &mut Response<impl Body>,
+	resp: &mut Response<Body>,
 	rule: &GarageCorsRule,
 ) -> Result<(), http::header::InvalidHeaderValue> {
 	let h = resp.headers_mut();
--- a/Show more
+++ b/Show more