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332 changed files with 10681 additions and 35529 deletions

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@ -1,3 +0,0 @@
[target.x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu]
linker = "clang"
rustflags = ["-C", "link-arg=-fuse-ld=mold"]

300
.drone.yml Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,300 @@
---
kind: pipeline
name: default
node:
nix-daemon: 1
steps:
- name: check formatting
image: nixpkgs/nix:nixos-22.05
commands:
- nix-shell --attr rust --run "cargo fmt -- --check"
- name: build
image: nixpkgs/nix:nixos-22.05
commands:
- nix-build --no-build-output --attr clippy.amd64 --argstr git_version ${DRONE_TAG:-$DRONE_COMMIT}
- name: unit + func tests
image: nixpkgs/nix:nixos-22.05
environment:
GARAGE_TEST_INTEGRATION_EXE: result-bin/bin/garage
GARAGE_TEST_INTEGRATION_PATH: tmp-garage-integration
commands:
- nix-build --no-build-output --attr clippy.amd64 --argstr git_version ${DRONE_TAG:-$DRONE_COMMIT}
- nix-build --no-build-output --attr test.amd64
- ./result/bin/garage_db-*
- ./result/bin/garage_api-*
- ./result/bin/garage_model-*
- ./result/bin/garage_rpc-*
- ./result/bin/garage_table-*
- ./result/bin/garage_util-*
- ./result/bin/garage_web-*
- ./result/bin/garage-*
- ./result/bin/integration-* || (cat tmp-garage-integration/stderr.log; false)
- rm result
- rm -rv tmp-garage-integration
- name: integration tests
image: nixpkgs/nix:nixos-22.05
commands:
- nix-build --no-build-output --attr clippy.amd64 --argstr git_version ${DRONE_TAG:-$DRONE_COMMIT}
- nix-shell --attr integration --run ./script/test-smoke.sh || (cat /tmp/garage.log; false)
trigger:
event:
- custom
- push
- pull_request
- tag
- cron
---
kind: pipeline
type: docker
name: release-linux-amd64
node:
nix-daemon: 1
steps:
- name: build
image: nixpkgs/nix:nixos-22.05
commands:
- nix-build --no-build-output --attr pkgs.amd64.release --argstr git_version ${DRONE_TAG:-$DRONE_COMMIT}
- nix-shell --attr rust --run "./script/not-dynamic.sh result-bin/bin/garage"
- name: integration tests
image: nixpkgs/nix:nixos-22.05
commands:
- nix-shell --attr integration --run ./script/test-smoke.sh || (cat /tmp/garage.log; false)
- name: upgrade tests
image: nixpkgs/nix:nixos-22.05
commands:
- nix-shell --attr integration --run "./script/test-upgrade.sh v0.8.4 x86_64-unknown-linux-musl" || (cat /tmp/garage.log; false)
- name: push static binary
image: nixpkgs/nix:nixos-22.05
environment:
AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID:
from_secret: garagehq_aws_access_key_id
AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY:
from_secret: garagehq_aws_secret_access_key
TARGET: "x86_64-unknown-linux-musl"
commands:
- nix-shell --attr release --run "to_s3"
- name: docker build and publish
image: nixpkgs/nix:nixos-22.05
environment:
DOCKER_AUTH:
from_secret: docker_auth
DOCKER_PLATFORM: "linux/amd64"
CONTAINER_NAME: "dxflrs/amd64_garage"
HOME: "/kaniko"
commands:
- mkdir -p /kaniko/.docker
- echo $DOCKER_AUTH > /kaniko/.docker/config.json
- export CONTAINER_TAG=${DRONE_TAG:-$DRONE_COMMIT}
- nix-shell --attr release --run "to_docker"
trigger:
event:
- promote
- cron
---
kind: pipeline
type: docker
name: release-linux-i386
node:
nix-daemon: 1
steps:
- name: build
image: nixpkgs/nix:nixos-22.05
commands:
- nix-build --no-build-output --attr pkgs.i386.release --argstr git_version ${DRONE_TAG:-$DRONE_COMMIT}
- nix-shell --attr rust --run "./script/not-dynamic.sh result-bin/bin/garage"
- name: integration tests
image: nixpkgs/nix:nixos-22.05
commands:
- nix-shell --attr integration --run ./script/test-smoke.sh || (cat /tmp/garage.log; false)
- name: upgrade tests
image: nixpkgs/nix:nixos-22.05
commands:
- nix-shell --attr integration --run "./script/test-upgrade.sh v0.8.4 i686-unknown-linux-musl" || (cat /tmp/garage.log; false)
- name: push static binary
image: nixpkgs/nix:nixos-22.05
environment:
AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID:
from_secret: garagehq_aws_access_key_id
AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY:
from_secret: garagehq_aws_secret_access_key
TARGET: "i686-unknown-linux-musl"
commands:
- nix-shell --attr release --run "to_s3"
- name: docker build and publish
image: nixpkgs/nix:nixos-22.05
environment:
DOCKER_AUTH:
from_secret: docker_auth
DOCKER_PLATFORM: "linux/386"
CONTAINER_NAME: "dxflrs/386_garage"
HOME: "/kaniko"
commands:
- mkdir -p /kaniko/.docker
- echo $DOCKER_AUTH > /kaniko/.docker/config.json
- export CONTAINER_TAG=${DRONE_TAG:-$DRONE_COMMIT}
- nix-shell --attr release --run "to_docker"
trigger:
event:
- promote
- cron
---
kind: pipeline
type: docker
name: release-linux-arm64
node:
nix-daemon: 1
steps:
- name: build
image: nixpkgs/nix:nixos-22.05
commands:
- nix-build --no-build-output --attr pkgs.arm64.release --argstr git_version ${DRONE_TAG:-$DRONE_COMMIT}
- nix-shell --attr rust --run "./script/not-dynamic.sh result-bin/bin/garage"
- name: push static binary
image: nixpkgs/nix:nixos-22.05
environment:
AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID:
from_secret: garagehq_aws_access_key_id
AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY:
from_secret: garagehq_aws_secret_access_key
TARGET: "aarch64-unknown-linux-musl"
commands:
- nix-shell --attr release --run "to_s3"
- name: docker build and publish
image: nixpkgs/nix:nixos-22.05
environment:
DOCKER_AUTH:
from_secret: docker_auth
DOCKER_PLATFORM: "linux/arm64"
CONTAINER_NAME: "dxflrs/arm64_garage"
HOME: "/kaniko"
commands:
- mkdir -p /kaniko/.docker
- echo $DOCKER_AUTH > /kaniko/.docker/config.json
- export CONTAINER_TAG=${DRONE_TAG:-$DRONE_COMMIT}
- nix-shell --attr release --run "to_docker"
trigger:
event:
- promote
- cron
---
kind: pipeline
type: docker
name: release-linux-arm
node:
nix-daemon: 1
steps:
- name: build
image: nixpkgs/nix:nixos-22.05
commands:
- nix-build --no-build-output --attr pkgs.arm.release --argstr git_version ${DRONE_TAG:-$DRONE_COMMIT}
- nix-shell --attr rust --run "./script/not-dynamic.sh result-bin/bin/garage"
- name: push static binary
image: nixpkgs/nix:nixos-22.05
environment:
AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID:
from_secret: garagehq_aws_access_key_id
AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY:
from_secret: garagehq_aws_secret_access_key
TARGET: "armv6l-unknown-linux-musleabihf"
commands:
- nix-shell --attr release --run "to_s3"
- name: docker build and publish
image: nixpkgs/nix:nixos-22.05
environment:
DOCKER_AUTH:
from_secret: docker_auth
DOCKER_PLATFORM: "linux/arm"
CONTAINER_NAME: "dxflrs/arm_garage"
HOME: "/kaniko"
commands:
- mkdir -p /kaniko/.docker
- echo $DOCKER_AUTH > /kaniko/.docker/config.json
- export CONTAINER_TAG=${DRONE_TAG:-$DRONE_COMMIT}
- nix-shell --attr release --run "to_docker"
trigger:
event:
- promote
- cron
---
kind: pipeline
type: docker
name: refresh-release-page
node:
nix-daemon: 1
steps:
- name: multiarch-docker
image: nixpkgs/nix:nixos-22.05
environment:
DOCKER_AUTH:
from_secret: docker_auth
HOME: "/root"
commands:
- mkdir -p /root/.docker
- echo $DOCKER_AUTH > /root/.docker/config.json
- export CONTAINER_TAG=${DRONE_TAG:-$DRONE_COMMIT}
- nix-shell --attr release --run "multiarch_docker"
- name: refresh-index
image: nixpkgs/nix:nixos-22.05
environment:
AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID:
from_secret: garagehq_aws_access_key_id
AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY:
from_secret: garagehq_aws_secret_access_key
commands:
- mkdir -p /etc/nix && cp nix/nix.conf /etc/nix/nix.conf
- nix-shell --attr release --run "refresh_index"
depends_on:
- release-linux-amd64
- release-linux-i386
- release-linux-arm64
- release-linux-arm
trigger:
event:
- promote
- cron
---
kind: signature
hmac: 0c4b57eb4b27b7c6a6ff21ab87f0767fe3eb90f5d95d5cbcdccf794e9d2a5d86
...

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@ -1,47 +0,0 @@
when:
event:
- push
- tag
- pull_request
- deployment
- cron
- manual
steps:
- name: check formatting
image: nixpkgs/nix:nixos-22.05
commands:
- nix-shell --attr devShell --run "cargo fmt -- --check"
- name: build
image: nixpkgs/nix:nixos-22.05
commands:
- nix-build --no-build-output --attr pkgs.amd64.debug --argstr git_version ${CI_COMMIT_TAG:-$CI_COMMIT_SHA}
- name: unit + func tests
image: nixpkgs/nix:nixos-22.05
environment:
GARAGE_TEST_INTEGRATION_EXE: result-bin/bin/garage
GARAGE_TEST_INTEGRATION_PATH: tmp-garage-integration
commands:
- nix-build --no-build-output --attr pkgs.amd64.debug --argstr git_version ${CI_COMMIT_TAG:-$CI_COMMIT_SHA}
- nix-build --no-build-output --attr test.amd64
- ./result/bin/garage_db-*
- ./result/bin/garage_api-*
- ./result/bin/garage_model-*
- ./result/bin/garage_rpc-*
- ./result/bin/garage_table-*
- ./result/bin/garage_util-*
- ./result/bin/garage_web-*
- ./result/bin/garage-*
- GARAGE_TEST_INTEGRATION_DB_ENGINE=lmdb ./result/bin/integration-* || (cat tmp-garage-integration/stderr.log; false)
- nix-shell --attr ci --run "killall -9 garage" || true
- GARAGE_TEST_INTEGRATION_DB_ENGINE=sqlite ./result/bin/integration-* || (cat tmp-garage-integration/stderr.log; false)
- rm result
- rm -rv tmp-garage-integration
- name: integration tests
image: nixpkgs/nix:nixos-22.05
commands:
- nix-build --no-build-output --attr pkgs.amd64.debug --argstr git_version ${CI_COMMIT_TAG:-$CI_COMMIT_SHA}
- nix-shell --attr ci --run ./script/test-smoke.sh || (cat /tmp/garage.log; false)

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@ -1,29 +0,0 @@
when:
event:
- deployment
- cron
depends_on:
- release
steps:
- name: refresh-index
image: nixpkgs/nix:nixos-22.05
environment:
AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID:
from_secret: garagehq_aws_access_key_id
AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY:
from_secret: garagehq_aws_secret_access_key
commands:
- mkdir -p /etc/nix && cp nix/nix.conf /etc/nix/nix.conf
- nix-shell --attr ci --run "refresh_index"
- name: multiarch-docker
image: nixpkgs/nix:nixos-22.05
secrets:
- docker_auth
commands:
- mkdir -p /root/.docker
- echo $DOCKER_AUTH > /root/.docker/config.json
- export CONTAINER_TAG=${CI_COMMIT_TAG:-$CI_COMMIT_SHA}
- nix-shell --attr ci --run "multiarch_docker"

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@ -1,69 +0,0 @@
when:
event:
- deployment
- cron
matrix:
include:
- ARCH: amd64
TARGET: x86_64-unknown-linux-musl
- ARCH: i386
TARGET: i686-unknown-linux-musl
- ARCH: arm64
TARGET: aarch64-unknown-linux-musl
- ARCH: arm
TARGET: armv6l-unknown-linux-musleabihf
steps:
- name: build
image: nixpkgs/nix:nixos-22.05
commands:
- nix-build --no-build-output --attr pkgs.${ARCH}.release --argstr git_version ${CI_COMMIT_TAG:-$CI_COMMIT_SHA}
- name: check is static binary
image: nixpkgs/nix:nixos-22.05
commands:
- nix-build --no-build-output --attr pkgs.${ARCH}.release --argstr git_version ${CI_COMMIT_TAG:-$CI_COMMIT_SHA}
- nix-shell --attr ci --run "./script/not-dynamic.sh result-bin/bin/garage"
- name: integration tests
image: nixpkgs/nix:nixos-22.05
commands:
- nix-shell --attr ci --run ./script/test-smoke.sh || (cat /tmp/garage.log; false)
when:
- matrix:
ARCH: amd64
- matrix:
ARCH: i386
- name: upgrade tests
image: nixpkgs/nix:nixos-22.05
commands:
- nix-shell --attr ci --run "./script/test-upgrade.sh v0.8.4 x86_64-unknown-linux-musl" || (cat /tmp/garage.log; false)
when:
- matrix:
ARCH: amd64
- name: push static binary
image: nixpkgs/nix:nixos-22.05
environment:
TARGET: "${TARGET}"
AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID:
from_secret: garagehq_aws_access_key_id
AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY:
from_secret: garagehq_aws_secret_access_key
commands:
- nix-shell --attr ci --run "to_s3"
- name: docker build and publish
image: nixpkgs/nix:nixos-22.05
environment:
DOCKER_PLATFORM: "linux/${ARCH}"
CONTAINER_NAME: "dxflrs/${ARCH}_garage"
secrets:
- docker_auth
commands:
- mkdir -p /root/.docker
- echo $DOCKER_AUTH > /root/.docker/config.json
- export CONTAINER_TAG=${CI_COMMIT_TAG:-$CI_COMMIT_SHA}
- nix-shell --attr ci --run "to_docker"

2369
Cargo.lock generated

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4934
Cargo.nix

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@ -3,7 +3,6 @@ resolver = "2"
members = [
"src/db",
"src/util",
"src/net",
"src/rpc",
"src/table",
"src/block",
@ -18,135 +17,19 @@ members = [
default-members = ["src/garage"]
[workspace.dependencies]
# Internal Garage crates
format_table = { version = "0.1.1", path = "src/format-table" }
garage_api = { version = "1.0.1", path = "src/api" }
garage_block = { version = "1.0.1", path = "src/block" }
garage_db = { version = "1.0.1", path = "src/db", default-features = false }
garage_model = { version = "1.0.1", path = "src/model", default-features = false }
garage_net = { version = "1.0.1", path = "src/net" }
garage_rpc = { version = "1.0.1", path = "src/rpc" }
garage_table = { version = "1.0.1", path = "src/table" }
garage_util = { version = "1.0.1", path = "src/util" }
garage_web = { version = "1.0.1", path = "src/web" }
garage_api = { version = "0.9.0", path = "src/api" }
garage_block = { version = "0.9.0", path = "src/block" }
garage_db = { version = "0.9.0", path = "src/db", default-features = false }
garage_model = { version = "0.9.0", path = "src/model", default-features = false }
garage_rpc = { version = "0.9.0", path = "src/rpc" }
garage_table = { version = "0.9.0", path = "src/table" }
garage_util = { version = "0.9.0", path = "src/util" }
garage_web = { version = "0.9.0", path = "src/web" }
k2v-client = { version = "0.0.4", path = "src/k2v-client" }
# External crates from crates.io
arc-swap = "1.0"
argon2 = "0.5"
async-trait = "0.1.7"
backtrace = "0.3"
base64 = "0.21"
blake2 = "0.10"
bytes = "1.0"
bytesize = "1.1"
cfg-if = "1.0"
chrono = "0.4"
crc32fast = "1.4"
crc32c = "0.6"
crypto-common = "0.1"
digest = "0.10"
err-derive = "0.3"
gethostname = "0.4"
git-version = "0.3.4"
hex = "0.4"
hexdump = "0.1"
hmac = "0.12"
idna = "0.5"
itertools = "0.12"
ipnet = "2.9.0"
lazy_static = "1.4"
md-5 = "0.10"
mktemp = "0.5"
nix = { version = "0.27", default-features = false, features = ["fs"] }
nom = "7.1"
parse_duration = "2.1"
pin-project = "1.0.12"
pnet_datalink = "0.34"
rand = "0.8"
sha1 = "0.10"
sha2 = "0.10"
timeago = { version = "0.4", default-features = false }
xxhash-rust = { version = "0.8", default-features = false, features = ["xxh3"] }
aes-gcm = { version = "0.10", features = ["aes", "stream"] }
sodiumoxide = { version = "0.2.5-0", package = "kuska-sodiumoxide" }
kuska-handshake = { version = "0.2.0", features = ["default", "async_std"] }
clap = { version = "4.1", features = ["derive", "env"] }
pretty_env_logger = "0.5"
structopt = { version = "0.3", default-features = false }
syslog-tracing = "0.3"
tracing = "0.1"
tracing-subscriber = { version = "0.3", features = ["env-filter"] }
heed = { version = "0.11", default-features = false, features = ["lmdb"] }
rusqlite = "0.31.0"
r2d2 = "0.8"
r2d2_sqlite = "0.24"
async-compression = { version = "0.4", features = ["tokio", "zstd"] }
zstd = { version = "0.13", default-features = false }
quick-xml = { version = "0.26", features = [ "serialize" ] }
rmp-serde = "1.1.2"
serde = { version = "1.0", default-features = false, features = ["derive", "rc"] }
serde_bytes = "0.11"
serde_json = "1.0"
toml = { version = "0.8", default-features = false, features = ["parse"] }
# newer version requires rust edition 2021
k8s-openapi = { version = "0.21", features = ["v1_24"] }
kube = { version = "0.88", default-features = false, features = ["runtime", "derive", "client", "rustls-tls"] }
schemars = "0.8"
reqwest = { version = "0.11", default-features = false, features = ["rustls-tls-manual-roots", "json"] }
form_urlencoded = "1.0.0"
http = "1.0"
httpdate = "1.0"
http-range = "0.1"
http-body-util = "0.1"
hyper = { version = "1.0", default-features = false }
hyper-util = { version = "0.1", features = [ "full" ] }
multer = "3.0"
percent-encoding = "2.2"
roxmltree = "0.19"
url = "2.3"
futures = "0.3"
futures-util = "0.3"
tokio = { version = "1.0", default-features = false, features = ["net", "rt", "rt-multi-thread", "io-util", "net", "time", "macros", "sync", "signal", "fs"] }
tokio-util = { version = "0.7", features = ["compat", "io"] }
tokio-stream = { version = "0.1", features = ["net"] }
opentelemetry = { version = "0.17", features = [ "rt-tokio", "metrics", "trace" ] }
opentelemetry-prometheus = "0.10"
opentelemetry-otlp = "0.10"
opentelemetry-contrib = "0.9"
prometheus = "0.13"
# used by the k2v-client crate only
aws-sigv4 = { version = "1.1" }
hyper-rustls = { version = "0.26", features = ["http2"] }
log = "0.4"
thiserror = "1.0"
# ---- used only as build / dev dependencies ----
assert-json-diff = "2.0"
rustc_version = "0.4.0"
static_init = "1.0"
aws-config = "1.1.4"
aws-sdk-config = "1.13"
aws-sdk-s3 = "1.14"
[profile.dev]
#lto = "thin" # disabled for now, adds 2-4 min to each CI build
lto = "off"
[profile.release]
lto = true
codegen-units = 1
opt-level = "s"
strip = true
debug = true

View file

@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
Garage [![status-badge](https://woodpecker.deuxfleurs.fr/api/badges/1/status.svg)](https://woodpecker.deuxfleurs.fr/repos/1)
Garage [![Build Status](https://drone.deuxfleurs.fr/api/badges/Deuxfleurs/garage/status.svg?ref=refs/heads/main)](https://drone.deuxfleurs.fr/Deuxfleurs/garage)
===
<p align="center" style="text-align:center;">

View file

@ -40,9 +40,17 @@ in {
features = [
"garage/bundled-libs"
"garage/k2v"
"garage/sled"
"garage/lmdb"
"garage/sqlite"
];
});
};
clippy = {
amd64 = (compile {
inherit system git_version pkgsSrc cargo2nixOverlay;
target = "x86_64-unknown-linux-musl";
compiler = "clippy";
}).workspace.garage { compileMode = "build"; };
};
}

View file

@ -1,24 +0,0 @@
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Garage Adminstration API v0</title>
<!-- needed for adaptive design -->
<meta charset="utf-8"/>
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
<link href="./css/redoc.css" rel="stylesheet">
<!--
Redoc doesn't change outer page styles
-->
<style>
body {
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<redoc spec-url='./garage-admin-v1.yml'></redoc>
<script src="./redoc.standalone.js"> </script>
</body>
</html>

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@ -37,84 +37,30 @@ import (
"context"
"fmt"
"os"
"strings"
garage "git.deuxfleurs.fr/garage-sdk/garage-admin-sdk-golang"
)
func main() {
// Initialization
// Set Host and other parameters
configuration := garage.NewConfiguration()
configuration.Host = "127.0.0.1:3903"
// We can now generate a client
client := garage.NewAPIClient(configuration)
// Authentication is handled through the context pattern
ctx := context.WithValue(context.Background(), garage.ContextAccessToken, "s3cr3t")
// Nodes
fmt.Println("--- nodes ---")
nodes, _, _ := client.NodesApi.GetNodes(ctx).Execute()
fmt.Fprintf(os.Stdout, "First hostname: %v\n", nodes.KnownNodes[0].Hostname)
capa := int64(1000000000)
change := []garage.NodeRoleChange{
garage.NodeRoleChange{NodeRoleUpdate: &garage.NodeRoleUpdate {
Id: *nodes.KnownNodes[0].Id,
Zone: "dc1",
Capacity: *garage.NewNullableInt64(&capa),
Tags: []string{ "fast", "amd64" },
}},
// Send a request
resp, r, err := client.NodesApi.GetNodes(ctx).Execute()
if err != nil {
fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "Error when calling `NodesApi.GetNodes``: %v\n", err)
fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "Full HTTP response: %v\n", r)
}
staged, _, _ := client.LayoutApi.AddLayout(ctx).NodeRoleChange(change).Execute()
msg, _, _ := client.LayoutApi.ApplyLayout(ctx).LayoutVersion(*garage.NewLayoutVersion(staged.Version + 1)).Execute()
fmt.Printf(strings.Join(msg.Message, "\n")) // Layout configured
health, _, _ := client.NodesApi.GetHealth(ctx).Execute()
fmt.Printf("Status: %s, nodes: %v/%v, storage: %v/%v, partitions: %v/%v\n", health.Status, health.ConnectedNodes, health.KnownNodes, health.StorageNodesOk, health.StorageNodes, health.PartitionsAllOk, health.Partitions)
// Key
fmt.Println("\n--- key ---")
key := "openapi-key"
keyInfo, _, _ := client.KeyApi.AddKey(ctx).AddKeyRequest(garage.AddKeyRequest{Name: *garage.NewNullableString(&key) }).Execute()
defer client.KeyApi.DeleteKey(ctx).Id(*keyInfo.AccessKeyId).Execute()
fmt.Printf("AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID=%s\nAWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY=%s\n", *keyInfo.AccessKeyId, *keyInfo.SecretAccessKey.Get())
id := *keyInfo.AccessKeyId
canCreateBucket := true
updateKeyRequest := *garage.NewUpdateKeyRequest()
updateKeyRequest.SetName("openapi-key-updated")
updateKeyRequest.SetAllow(garage.UpdateKeyRequestAllow { CreateBucket: &canCreateBucket })
update, _, _ := client.KeyApi.UpdateKey(ctx).Id(id).UpdateKeyRequest(updateKeyRequest).Execute()
fmt.Printf("Updated %v with key name %v\n", *update.AccessKeyId, *update.Name)
keyList, _, _ := client.KeyApi.ListKeys(ctx).Execute()
fmt.Printf("Keys count: %v\n", len(keyList))
// Bucket
fmt.Println("\n--- bucket ---")
global_name := "global-ns-openapi-bucket"
local_name := "local-ns-openapi-bucket"
bucketInfo, _, _ := client.BucketApi.CreateBucket(ctx).CreateBucketRequest(garage.CreateBucketRequest{
GlobalAlias: &global_name,
LocalAlias: &garage.CreateBucketRequestLocalAlias {
AccessKeyId: keyInfo.AccessKeyId,
Alias: &local_name,
},
}).Execute()
defer client.BucketApi.DeleteBucket(ctx).Id(*bucketInfo.Id).Execute()
fmt.Printf("Bucket id: %s\n", *bucketInfo.Id)
updateBucketRequest := *garage.NewUpdateBucketRequest()
website := garage.NewUpdateBucketRequestWebsiteAccess()
website.SetEnabled(true)
website.SetIndexDocument("index.html")
website.SetErrorDocument("errors/4xx.html")
updateBucketRequest.SetWebsiteAccess(*website)
quotas := garage.NewUpdateBucketRequestQuotas()
quotas.SetMaxSize(1000000000)
quotas.SetMaxObjects(999999999)
updateBucketRequest.SetQuotas(*quotas)
updatedBucket, _, _ := client.BucketApi.UpdateBucket(ctx).Id(*bucketInfo.Id).UpdateBucketRequest(updateBucketRequest).Execute()
fmt.Printf("Bucket %v website activation: %v\n", *updatedBucket.Id, *updatedBucket.WebsiteAccess)
bucketList, _, _ := client.BucketApi.ListBuckets(ctx).Execute()
fmt.Printf("Bucket count: %v\n", len(bucketList))
// Process the response
fmt.Fprintf(os.Stdout, "Target hostname: %v\n", resp.KnownNodes[resp.Node].Hostname)
}
```

View file

@ -31,9 +31,9 @@ npm install --save git+https://git.deuxfleurs.fr/garage-sdk/garage-admin-sdk-js.
A short example:
```javascript
const garage = require('garage_administration_api_v1garage_v0_9_0');
const garage = require('garage_administration_api_v0garage_v0_8_0');
const api = new garage.ApiClient("http://127.0.0.1:3903/v1");
const api = new garage.ApiClient("http://127.0.0.1:3903/v0");
api.authentications['bearerAuth'].accessToken = "s3cr3t";
const [node, layout, key, bucket] = [

View file

@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ client = minio.Minio(
"GKyourapikey",
"abcd[...]1234",
# Force the region, this is specific to garage
region="garage",
region="region",
)
```
@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ from garage_admin_sdk.apis import *
from garage_admin_sdk.models import *
configuration = garage_admin_sdk.Configuration(
host = "http://localhost:3903/v1",
host = "http://localhost:3903/v0",
access_token = "s3cr3t"
)
@ -94,14 +94,13 @@ print(f"running garage {status.garage_version}, node_id {status.node}")
# Change layout of this node
current = layout.get_layout()
layout.add_layout([
NodeRoleChange(
id = status.node,
layout.add_layout({
status.node: NodeClusterInfo(
zone = "dc1",
capacity = 1000000000,
capacity = 1,
tags = [ "dev" ],
)
])
})
layout.apply_layout(LayoutVersion(
version = current.version + 1
))

View file

@ -80,53 +80,6 @@ To test your new configuration, just reload your Nextcloud webpage and start sen
*External link:* [Nextcloud Documentation > Primary Storage](https://docs.nextcloud.com/server/latest/admin_manual/configuration_files/primary_storage.html)
#### SSE-C encryption (since Garage v1.0)
Since version 1.0, Garage supports server-side encryption with customer keys
(SSE-C). In this mode, Garage is responsible for encrypting and decrypting
objects, but it does not store the encryption key itself. The encryption key
should be provided by Nextcloud upon each request. This mode of operation is
supported by Nextcloud and it has successfully been tested together with
Garage.
To enable SSE-C encryption:
1. Make sure your Garage server is accessible via SSL through a reverse proxy
such as Nginx, and that it is using a valid public certificate (Nextcloud
might be able to connect to an S3 server that is using a self-signed
certificate, but you will lose many hours while trying, so don't).
Configure values for `use_ssl` and `port` accordingly in your `config.php`
file.
2. Generate an encryption key using the following command:
```
openssl rand -base64 32
```
Make sure to keep this key **secret**!
3. Add the encryption key in your `config.php` file as follows:
```php
<?php
$CONFIG = array(
'objectstore' => [
'class' => '\\OC\\Files\\ObjectStore\\S3',
'arguments' => [
...
'sse_c_key' => 'exampleencryptionkeyLbU+5fKYQcVoqnn+RaIOXgo=',
...
],
],
```
Nextcloud will now make Garage encrypt files at rest in the storage bucket.
These files will not be readable by an S3 client that has credentials to the
bucket but doesn't also know the secret encryption key.
### External Storage
**From the GUI.** Activate the "External storage support" app from the "Applications" page (click on your account icon on the top right corner of your screen to display the menu). Go to your parameters page (also located below your account icon). Click on external storage (or the corresponding translation in your language).
@ -193,7 +146,7 @@ Keep the Key ID and the Secret key in a pad, they will be needed later.
We need two buckets, one for normal videos (named peertube-video) and one for webtorrent videos (named peertube-playlist).
```bash
garage bucket create peertube-videos
garage bucket create peertube-video
garage bucket create peertube-playlist
```
@ -263,7 +216,7 @@ object_storage:
# Same settings but for webtorrent videos
videos:
bucket_name: 'peertube-videos'
bucket_name: 'peertube-video'
prefix: ''
# You must fill this field to make Peertube use our reverse proxy/website logic
base_url: 'http://peertube-videos.web.garage.localhost'
@ -292,7 +245,7 @@ with average object size ranging from 50 KB to 150 KB.
As such, your Garage cluster should be configured appropriately for good performance:
- use Garage v0.8.0 or higher with the [LMDB database engine](@documentation/reference-manual/configuration.md#db-engine-since-v0-8-0).
Older versions of Garage used the Sled database engine which had issues, such as databases quickly ending up taking tens of GB of disk space.
With the default Sled database engine, your database could quickly end up taking tens of GB of disk space.
- the Garage database should be stored on a SSD
### Creating your bucket
@ -335,7 +288,6 @@ From the [official Mastodon documentation](https://docs.joinmastodon.org/admin/t
```bash
$ RAILS_ENV=production bin/tootctl media remove --days 3
$ RAILS_ENV=production bin/tootctl media remove --days 15 --prune-profiles
$ RAILS_ENV=production bin/tootctl media remove-orphans
$ RAILS_ENV=production bin/tootctl preview_cards remove --days 15
```
@ -354,6 +306,8 @@ Imports: 1.7 KB
Settings: 0 Bytes
```
Unfortunately, [old avatars and headers cannot currently be cleaned up](https://github.com/mastodon/mastodon/issues/9567).
### Migrating your data
Data migration should be done with an efficient S3 client.

View file

@ -55,8 +55,8 @@ Create your key and bucket:
```bash
garage key create my-key
garage bucket create backups
garage bucket allow backups --read --write --key my-key
garage bucket create backup
garage bucket allow backup --read --write --key my-key
```
Then register your Key ID and Secret key in your environment:

View file

@ -259,7 +259,7 @@ duck --delete garage:/my-files/an-object.txt
## WinSCP (libs3) {#winscp}
*You can find instructions on how to use the GUI in french [in our wiki](https://guide.deuxfleurs.fr/prise_en_main/winscp/).*
*You can find instructions on how to use the GUI in french [in our wiki](https://wiki.deuxfleurs.fr/fr/Guide/Garage/WinSCP).*
How to use `winscp.com`, the CLI interface of WinSCP:

View file

@ -53,43 +53,20 @@ and that's also why your nodes have super long identifiers.
Adding TLS support built into Garage is not currently planned.
## Garage stores data in plain text on the filesystem or encrypted using customer keys (SSE-C)
## Garage stores data in plain text on the filesystem
For standard S3 API requests, Garage does not encrypt data at rest by itself.
For the most generic at rest encryption of data, we recommend setting up your
storage partitions on encrypted LUKS devices.
Garage does not handle data encryption at rest by itself, and instead delegates
to the user to add encryption, either at the storage layer (LUKS, etc) or on
the client side (or both). There are no current plans to add data encryption
directly in Garage.
If you are developping your own client software that makes use of S3 storage,
we recommend implementing data encryption directly on the client side and never
transmitting plaintext data to Garage. This makes it easy to use an external
untrusted storage provider if necessary.
Garage does support [SSE-C
encryption](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonS3/latest/userguide/ServerSideEncryptionCustomerKeys.html),
an encryption mode of Amazon S3 where data is encrypted at rest using
encryption keys given by the client. The encryption keys are passed to the
server in a header in each request, to encrypt or decrypt data at the moment of
reading or writing. The server discards the key as soon as it has finished
using it for the request. This mode allows the data to be encrypted at rest by
Garage itself, but it requires support in the client software. It is also not
adapted to a model where the server is not trusted or assumed to be
compromised, as the server can easily know the encryption keys. Note however
that when using SSE-C encryption, the only Garage node that knows the
encryption key passed in a given request is the node to which the request is
directed (which can be a gateway node), so it is easy to have untrusted nodes
in the cluster as long as S3 API requests containing SSE-C encryption keys are
not directed to them.
Implementing automatic data encryption directly in Garage without client-side
management of keys (something like
[SSE-S3](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonS3/latest/userguide/UsingServerSideEncryption.html))
could make things simpler for end users that don't want to setup LUKS, but also
raises many more questions, especially around key management: for encryption of
data, where could Garage get the encryption keys from? If we encrypt data but
keep the keys in a plaintext file next to them, it's useless. We probably don't
want to have to manage secrets in Garage as it would be very hard to do in a
secure way. At the time of speaking, there are no plans to implement this in
Garage.
Implementing data encryption directly in Garage might make things simpler for
end users, but also raises many more questions, especially around key
management: for encryption of data, where could Garage get the encryption keys
from ? If we encrypt data but keep the keys in a plaintext file next to them,
it's useless. We probably don't want to have to manage secrets in garage as it
would be very hard to do in a secure way. Maybe integrate with an external
system such as Hashicorp Vault?
# Adding data encryption using external tools

View file

@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ Our website serving logic is as follow:
Now we need to infer the URL of your website through your bucket name.
Let assume:
- we set `root_domain = ".web.example.com"` in `garage.toml` ([ref](@/documentation/reference-manual/configuration.md#web_root_domain))
- we set `root_domain = ".web.example.com"` in `garage.toml` ([ref](@/documentation/reference-manual/configuration.md#root_domain))
- our bucket name is `garagehq.deuxfleurs.fr`.
Our bucket will be served if the Host field matches one of these 2 values (the port is ignored):

View file

@ -90,6 +90,6 @@ The following feature flags are available in v0.8.0:
| `kubernetes-discovery` | optional | Enable automatic registration and discovery<br>of cluster nodes through the Kubernetes API |
| `metrics` | *by default* | Enable collection of metrics in Prometheus format on the admin API |
| `telemetry-otlp` | optional | Enable collection of execution traces using OpenTelemetry |
| `syslog` | optional | Enable logging to Syslog |
| `lmdb` | *by default* | Enable using LMDB to store Garage's metadata |
| `sqlite` | *by default* | Enable using Sqlite3 to store Garage's metadata |
| `sled` | *by default* | Enable using Sled to store Garage's metadata |
| `lmdb` | optional | Enable using LMDB to store Garage's metadata |
| `sqlite` | optional | Enable using Sqlite3 to store Garage's metadata |

View file

@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ api_bind_addr = "0.0.0.0:3903"
```
This will allow anyone to scrape Prometheus metrics by fetching
`http://localhost:3903/metrics`. If you want to restrict access
`http://localhost:3093/metrics`. If you want to restrict access
to the exported metrics, set the `metrics_token` configuration value
to a bearer token to be used when fetching the metrics endpoint.

View file

@ -53,9 +53,9 @@ to store 2 TB of data in total.
### Best practices
- If you have reasonably fast networking between all your nodes, and are planing to store
mostly large files, bump the `block_size` configuration parameter to 10 MB
(`block_size = "10M"`).
- If you have fast dedicated networking between all your nodes, and are planing to store
very large files, bump the `block_size` configuration parameter to 10 MB
(`block_size = 10485760`).
- Garage stores its files in two locations: it uses a metadata directory to store frequently-accessed
small metadata items, and a data directory to store data blocks of uploaded objects.
@ -68,42 +68,31 @@ to store 2 TB of data in total.
EXT4 is not recommended as it has more strict limitations on the number of inodes,
which might cause issues with Garage when large numbers of objects are stored.
- Servers with multiple HDDs are supported natively by Garage without resorting
to RAID, see [our dedicated documentation page](@/documentation/operations/multi-hdd.md).
- If you only have an HDD and no SSD, it's fine to put your metadata alongside the data
on the same drive. Having lots of RAM for your kernel to cache the metadata will
help a lot with performance. Make sure to use the LMDB database engine,
instead of Sled, which suffers from quite bad performance degradation on HDDs.
Sled is still the default for legacy reasons, but is not recommended anymore.
- For the metadata storage, Garage does not do checksumming and integrity
verification on its own, so it is better to use a robust filesystem such as
BTRFS or ZFS. Users have reported that when using the LMDB database engine
(the default), database files have a tendency of becoming corrupted after an
unclean shutdown (e.g. a power outage), so you should take regular snapshots
to be able to recover from such a situation. This can be done using Garage's
built-in automatic snapshotting (since v0.9.4), or by using filesystem level
snapshots. If you cannot do so, you might want to switch to Sqlite which is
more robust.
verification on its own. If you are afraid of bitrot/data corruption,
put your metadata directory on a ZFS or BTRFS partition. Otherwise, just use regular
EXT4 or XFS.
- LMDB is the fastest and most tested database engine, but it has the following
weaknesses: 1/ data files are not architecture-independent, you cannot simply
move a Garage metadata directory between nodes running different architectures,
and 2/ LMDB is not suited for 32-bit platforms. Sqlite is a viable alternative
if any of these are of concern.
- If you only have an HDD and no SSD, it's fine to put your metadata alongside
the data on the same drive, but then consider your filesystem choice wisely
(see above). Having lots of RAM for your kernel to cache the metadata will
help a lot with performance. The default LMDB database engine is the most
tested and has good performance.
- Servers with multiple HDDs are supported natively by Garage without resorting
to RAID, see [our dedicated documentation page](@/documentation/operations/multi-hdd.md).
## Get a Docker image
Our docker image is currently named `dxflrs/garage` and is stored on the [Docker Hub](https://hub.docker.com/r/dxflrs/garage/tags?page=1&ordering=last_updated).
We encourage you to use a fixed tag (eg. `v1.0.1`) and not the `latest` tag.
For this example, we will use the latest published version at the time of the writing which is `v1.0.1` but it's up to you
We encourage you to use a fixed tag (eg. `v0.9.0`) and not the `latest` tag.
For this example, we will use the latest published version at the time of the writing which is `v0.9.0` but it's up to you
to check [the most recent versions on the Docker Hub](https://hub.docker.com/r/dxflrs/garage/tags?page=1&ordering=last_updated).
For example:
```
sudo docker pull dxflrs/garage:v1.0.1
sudo docker pull dxflrs/garage:v0.9.0
```
## Deploying and configuring Garage
@ -126,9 +115,8 @@ A valid `/etc/garage.toml` for our cluster would look as follows:
metadata_dir = "/var/lib/garage/meta"
data_dir = "/var/lib/garage/data"
db_engine = "lmdb"
metadata_auto_snapshot_interval = "6h"
replication_factor = 3
replication_mode = "3"
compression_level = 2
@ -152,8 +140,6 @@ Check the following for your configuration files:
- Make sure `rpc_public_addr` contains the public IP address of the node you are configuring.
This parameter is optional but recommended: if your nodes have trouble communicating with
one another, consider adding it.
Alternatively, you can also set `rpc_public_addr_subnet`, which can filter
the addresses announced to other peers to a specific subnet.
- Make sure `rpc_secret` is the same value on all nodes. It should be a 32-bytes hex-encoded secret key.
You can generate such a key with `openssl rand -hex 32`.
@ -171,7 +157,7 @@ docker run \
-v /etc/garage.toml:/etc/garage.toml \
-v /var/lib/garage/meta:/var/lib/garage/meta \
-v /var/lib/garage/data:/var/lib/garage/data \
dxflrs/garage:v1.0.1
dxflrs/garage:v0.9.0
```
With this command line, Garage should be started automatically at each boot.
@ -185,7 +171,7 @@ If you want to use `docker-compose`, you may use the following `docker-compose.y
version: "3"
services:
garage:
image: dxflrs/garage:v1.0.1
image: dxflrs/garage:v0.9.0
network_mode: "host"
restart: unless-stopped
volumes:
@ -201,7 +187,7 @@ upgrades. With the containerized setup proposed here, the upgrade process
will require stopping and removing the existing container, and re-creating it
with the upgraded version.
## Controlling the daemon
## Controling the daemon
The `garage` binary has two purposes:
- it acts as a daemon when launched with `garage server`
@ -259,7 +245,7 @@ You can then instruct nodes to connect to one another as follows:
Venus$ garage node connect 563e1ac825ee3323aa441e72c26d1030d6d4414aeb3dd25287c531e7fc2bc95d@[fc00:1::1]:3901
```
You don't need to instruct all node to connect to all other nodes:
You don't nead to instruct all node to connect to all other nodes:
nodes will discover one another transitively.
Now if your run `garage status` on any node, you should have an output that looks as follows:

View file

@ -472,32 +472,3 @@ https:// {
More information on how this endpoint is implemented in Garage is available
in the [Admin API Reference](@/documentation/reference-manual/admin-api.md) page.
### Fileserver browser
Caddy's built-in
[file_server](https://caddyserver.com/docs/caddyfile/directives/file_server)
browser functionality can be extended with the
[caddy-fs-s3](https://github.com/sagikazarmark/caddy-fs-s3) module.
This can be configured to use Garage as a backend with the following
configuration:
```caddy
browse.garage.tld {
file_server {
fs s3 {
bucket test-bucket
region garage
endpoint https://s3.garage.tld
use_path_style
}
browse
}
}
```
Caddy must also be configured with the required `AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID` and
`AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY` environment variables to access the bucket.

View file

@ -48,22 +48,7 @@ locations. They use Garage themselves for the following tasks:
- As a backup target using `rclone` and `restic`
- In the Drone continuous integration platform to store task logs
The Deuxfleurs Garage cluster is a multi-site cluster currently composed of
9 nodes in 3 physical locations.
### Triplebit
[Triplebit](https://www.triplebit.org) is a non-profit hosting provider and
ISP focused on improving access to privacy-related services. They use
Garage themselves for the following tasks:
- Hosting of their homepage, [privacyguides.org](https://www.privacyguides.org/), and various other static sites
- As a Mastodon object storage backend for [mstdn.party](https://mstdn.party/) and [mstdn.plus](https://mstdn.plus/)
- As a PeerTube storage backend for [neat.tube](https://neat.tube/)
- As a [Matrix media backend](https://github.com/matrix-org/synapse-s3-storage-provider)
Triplebit's Garage cluster is a multi-site cluster currently composed of
10 nodes in 3 physical locations.

View file

@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ delete a tombstone, the following condition has to be met:
superseeded by the tombstone. This ensures that deleting the tombstone is
safe and that no deleted value will come back in the system.
Garage uses atomic database operations (such as compare-and-swap and
Garage makes use of Sled's atomic operations (such as compare-and-swap and
transactions) to ensure that only tombstones that have been correctly
propagated to other nodes are ever deleted from the local entry tree.

View file

@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ Pithos has been abandonned and should probably not used yet, in the following we
Pithos was relying as a S3 proxy in front of Cassandra (and was working with Scylla DB too).
From its designers' mouth, storing data in Cassandra has shown its limitations justifying the project abandonment.
They built a closed-source version 2 that does not store blobs in the database (only metadata) but did not communicate further on it.
We considered their v2's design but concluded that it does not fit both our *Self-contained & lightweight* and *Simple* properties. It makes the development, the deployment and the operations more complicated while reducing the flexibility.
We considered there v2's design but concluded that it does not fit both our *Self-contained & lightweight* and *Simple* properties. It makes the development, the deployment and the operations more complicated while reducing the flexibility.
**[Riak CS](https://docs.riak.com/riak/cs/2.1.1/index.html):**
*Not written yet*

View file

@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ nix-build \
--git_version $(git rev-parse HEAD)
```
*The result is located in `result/bin`. You can pass arguments to cross compile: check `.woodpecker/release.yml` for examples.*
*The result is located in `result/bin`. You can pass arguments to cross compile: check `.drone.yml` for examples.*
If you modify a `Cargo.toml` or regenerate any `Cargo.lock`, you must run `cargo2nix`:

View file

@ -81,9 +81,12 @@ Our cache will be checked.
- http://www.lpenz.org/articles/nixchannel/index.html
## Woodpecker
## Drone
Woodpecker can do parallelism both at the step and the pipeline level. At the step level, parallelism is restricted to the same runner.
Do not try to set a build as trusted from the interface or the CLI tool,
your request would be ignored. Instead, directly edit the database (table `repos`, column `repo_trusted`).
Drone can do parallelism both at the step and the pipeline level. At the step level, parallelism is restricted to the same runner.
## Building Docker containers
@ -96,4 +99,3 @@ We were:
- Unable to use the kaniko container provided by Google as we can't run arbitrary logic: we need to put our secret in .docker/config.json.
Finally we chose to build kaniko through nix and use it in a `nix-shell`.
We then switched to using kaniko from nixpkgs when it was packaged.

View file

@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ and the docker containers on Docker Hub.
## Automation
We automated our release process with Nix and Woodpecker to make it more reliable.
We automated our release process with Nix and Drone to make it more reliable.
Here we describe how we have done in case you want to debug or improve it.
### Caching build steps
@ -62,31 +62,52 @@ Sending to the cache is done through `nix copy`, for example:
nix copy --to 's3://nix?endpoint=garage.deuxfleurs.fr&region=garage&secret-key=/etc/nix/signing-key.sec' result
```
*The signing key possessed by the Garage maintainers is required to update the Nix cache.*
*Note that you need the signing key. In our case, it is stored as a secret in Drone.*
The previous command will only send the built package and not its dependencies.
In the case of our CI pipeline, we want to cache all intermediate build steps
as well. This can be done using this quite involved command (here as an example
for the `pkgs.amd64.relase` package):
The previous command will only send the built packet and not its dependencies.
To send its dependency, a tool named `nix-copy-closure` has been created but it is not compatible with the S3 protocol.
Instead, you can use the following commands to list all the runtime dependencies:
```bash
nix copy -j8 \
--to 's3://nix?endpoint=garage.deuxfleurs.fr&region=garage&secret-key=/etc/nix/nix-signing-key.sec' \
$(nix path-info pkgs.amd64.release --file default.nix --derivation --recursive | sed 's/\.drv$/.drv^*/')
nix copy \
--to 's3://nix?endpoint=garage.deuxfleurs.fr&region=garage&secret-key=/etc/nix/signing-key.sec' \
$(nix-store -qR result/)
```
This command will simultaneously build all of the required Nix paths (using at
most 8 parallel Nix builder jobs) and send the resulting objects to the cache.
*We could also write this expression with xargs but this tool is not available in our container.*
This can be run for all the Garage packages we build using the following command:
But in certain cases, we want to cache compile time dependencies also.
For example, the Nix project does not provide binaries for cross compiling to i686 and thus we need to compile gcc on our own.
We do not want to compile gcc each time, so even if it is a compile time dependency, we want to cache it.
This time, the command is a bit more involved:
```bash
nix copy --to \
's3://nix?endpoint=garage.deuxfleurs.fr&region=garage&secret-key=/etc/nix/signing-key.sec' \
$(nix-store -qR --include-outputs \
$(nix-instantiate))
```
This is the command we use in our CI as we expect the final binary to change, so we mainly focus on
caching our development dependencies.
*Currently there is no automatic garbage collection of the cache: we should monitor its growth.
Hopefully, we can erase it totally without breaking any build, the next build will only be slower.*
In practise, we concluded that we do not want to cache all the compilation dependencies.
Instead, we want to cache the toolchain we use to build Garage each time we change it.
So we removed from Drone any automatic update of the cache and instead handle them manually with:
```
source ~/.awsrc
nix-shell --attr cache --run 'refresh_cache'
nix-shell --run 'refresh_toolchain'
```
We don't automate this step at each CI build, as *there is currently no automatic garbage collection of the cache.*
This means we should also monitor the cache's size; if it ever becomes too big we can erase it with:
Internally, it will run `nix-build` on `nix/toolchain.nix` and send the output plus its depedencies to the cache.
To erase the cache:
```
mc rm --recursive --force 'garage/nix/'
@ -136,9 +157,9 @@ nix-shell --run refresh_index
If you want to compile for different architectures, you will need to repeat all these commands for each architecture.
**In practice, and except for debugging, you will never directly run these commands. Release is handled by Woodpecker.**
**In practise, and except for debugging, you will never directly run these commands. Release is handled by drone**
### Drone (obsolete)
### Drone
Our instance is available at [https://drone.deuxfleurs.fr](https://drone.deuxfleurs.fr).
You need an account on [https://git.deuxfleurs.fr](https://git.deuxfleurs.fr) to use it.

View file

@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ connecting to. To run on all nodes, add the `-a` flag as follows:
# Data block operations
## Data store scrub {#scrub}
## Data store scrub
Scrubbing the data store means examining each individual data block to check that
their content is correct, by verifying their hash. Any block found to be corrupted
@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ verifications. Of course, scrubbing the entire data store will also take longer.
## Block check and resync
In some cases, nodes hold a reference to a block but do not actually have the block
stored on disk. Conversely, they may also have on-disk blocks that are not referenced
stored on disk. Conversely, they may also have on disk blocks that are not referenced
any more. To fix both cases, a block repair may be run with `garage repair blocks`.
This will scan the entire block reference counter table to check that the blocks
exist on disk, and will scan the entire disk store to check that stored blocks
@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ using the `garage block purge` command.
In [multi-HDD setups](@/documentation/operations/multi-hdd.md), to ensure that
data blocks are well balanced between storage locations, you may run a
rebalance operation using `garage repair rebalance`. This is useful when
rebalance operation using `garage repair rebalance`. This is usefull when
adding storage locations or when capacities of the storage locations have been
changed. Once this is finished, Garage will know for each block of a single
possible location where it can be, which can increase access speed. This
@ -104,24 +104,6 @@ operation will also move out all data from locations marked as read-only.
# Metadata operations
## Metadata snapshotting
It is good practice to setup automatic snapshotting of your metadata database
file, to recover from situations where it becomes corrupted on disk. This can
be done at the filesystem level if you are using ZFS or BTRFS.
Since Garage v0.9.4, Garage is able to take snapshots of the metadata database
itself. This basically amounts to copying the database file, except that it can
be run live while Garage is running without the risk of corruption or
inconsistencies. This can be setup to run automatically on a schedule using
[`metadata_auto_snapshot_interval`](@/documentation/reference-manual/configuration.md#metadata_auto_snapshot_interval).
A snapshot can also be triggered manually using the `garage meta snapshot`
command. Note that taking a snapshot using this method is very intensive as it
requires making a full copy of the database file, so you might prefer using
filesystem-level snapshots if possible. To recover a corrupted node from such a
snapshot, read the instructions
[here](@/documentation/operations/recovering.md#corrupted_meta).
## Metadata table resync
Garage automatically resyncs all entries stored in the metadata tables every hour,
@ -141,7 +123,4 @@ blocks may still be held by Garage. If you suspect that such corruption has occu
in your cluster, you can run one of the following repair procedures:
- `garage repair versions`: checks that all versions belong to a non-deleted object, and purges any orphan version
- `garage repair block-refs`: checks that all block references belong to a non-deleted object version, and purges any orphan block reference (this will then allow the blocks to be garbage-collected)
- `garage repair block-rc`: checks that the reference counters for blocks are in sync with the actual number of non-deleted entries in the block reference table
- `garage repair block_refs`: checks that all block references belong to a non-deleted object version, and purges any orphan block reference (this will then allow the blocks to be garbage-collected)

View file

@ -12,8 +12,8 @@ An introduction to building cluster layouts can be found in the [production depl
In Garage, all of the data that can be stored in a given cluster is divided
into slices which we call *partitions*. Each partition is stored by
one or several nodes in the cluster
(see [`replication_factor`](@/documentation/reference-manual/configuration.md#replication_factor)).
The layout determines the correspondence between these partitions,
(see [`replication_mode`](@/documentation/reference-manual/configuration.md#replication-mode)).
The layout determines the correspondence between these partition,
which exist on a logical level, and actual storage nodes.
## How cluster layouts work in Garage
@ -94,10 +94,10 @@ follow the following recommendations:
## Understanding unexpected layout calculations
When adding, removing or modifying nodes in a cluster layout, sometimes
unexpected assignations of partitions to node can occur. These assignations
are in fact normal and logical, given the objectives of the algorithm. Indeed,
**the layout algorithm prioritizes moving less data between nodes over
achieving equal distribution of load. It also tries to use all links between
unexpected assigntations of partitions to node can occur. These assignations
are in fact normal and logical, given the objectives of the algorihtm. Indeed,
**the layout algorithm prioritizes moving less data between nodes over the fact
of achieving equal distribution of load. It also tries to use all links between
pairs of nodes in equal proportions when moving data.** This section presents
two examples and illustrates how one can control Garage's behavior to obtain
the desired results.
@ -270,5 +270,5 @@ that is moved to node1).
This illustrates the second principle of the layout computation: **if there is
a choice in moving data out of some nodes, then all links between pairs of
nodes are used in equal proportions** (this is approximately true, there is
randomness in the algorithm to achieve this so there might be some small
randomness in the algorihtm to achieve this so there might be some small
fluctuations, as we see above).

View file

@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ weight = 40
Garage is meant to work on old, second-hand hardware.
In particular, this makes it likely that some of your drives will fail, and some manual intervention will be needed.
Fear not! Garage is fully equipped to handle drive failures, in most common cases.
Fear not! For Garage is fully equipped to handle drive failures, in most common cases.
## A note on availability of Garage
@ -108,57 +108,3 @@ garage layout apply # once satisfied, apply the changes
Garage will then start synchronizing all required data on the new node.
This process can be monitored using the `garage stats -a` command.
## Replacement scenario 3: corrupted metadata {#corrupted_meta}
In some cases, your metadata DB file might become corrupted, for instance if
your node suffered a power outage and did not shut down properly. In this case,
you can recover without having to change the node ID and rebuilding a cluster
layout. This means that data blocks will not need to be shuffled around, you
must simply find a way to repair the metadata file. The best way is generally
to discard the corrupted file and recover it from another source.
First of all, start by locating the database file in your metadata directory,
which [depends on your `db_engine`
choice](@/documentation/reference-manual/configuration.md#db_engine). Then,
your recovery options are as follows:
- **Option 1: resyncing from other nodes.** In case your cluster is replicated
with two or three copies, you can simply delete the database file, and Garage
will resync from other nodes. To do so, stop Garage, delete the database file
or directory, and restart Garage. Then, do a full table repair by calling
`garage repair -a --yes tables`. This will take a bit of time to complete as
the new node will need to receive copies of the metadata tables from the
network.
- **Option 2: restoring a snapshot taken by Garage.** Since v0.9.4, Garage can
[automatically take regular
snapshots](@/documentation/reference-manual/configuration.md#metadata_auto_snapshot_interval)
of your metadata DB file. This file or directory should be located under
`<metadata_dir>/snapshots`, and is named according to the UTC time at which it
was taken. Stop Garage, discard the database file/directory and replace it by the
snapshot you want to use. For instance, in the case of LMDB:
```bash
cd $METADATA_DIR
mv db.lmdb db.lmdb.bak
cp -r snapshots/2024-03-15T12:13:52Z db.lmdb
```
And for Sqlite:
```bash
cd $METADATA_DIR
mv db.sqlite db.sqlite.bak
cp snapshots/2024-03-15T12:13:52Z db.sqlite
```
Then, restart Garage and run a full table repair by calling `garage repair -a
--yes tables`. This should run relatively fast as only the changes that
occurred since the snapshot was taken will need to be resynchronized. Of
course, if your cluster is not replicated, you will lose all changes that
occurred since the snapshot was taken.
- **Option 3: restoring a filesystem-level snapshot.** If you are using ZFS or
BTRFS to snapshot your metadata partition, refer to their specific
documentation on rolling back or copying files from an old snapshot.

View file

@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ On a new version release, there is 2 possibilities:
- protocols and data structures remained the same ➡️ this is a **minor upgrade**
- protocols or data structures changed ➡️ this is a **major upgrade**
You can quickly know what type of update you will have to operate by looking at the version identifier:
You can quickly now what type of update you will have to operate by looking at the version identifier:
when we require our users to do a major upgrade, we will always bump the first nonzero component of the version identifier
(e.g. from v0.7.2 to v0.8.0).
Conversely, for versions that only require a minor upgrade, the first nonzero component will always stay the same (e.g. from v0.8.0 to v0.8.1).
@ -73,18 +73,6 @@ The entire procedure would look something like this:
You can do all of the nodes in a single zone at once as that won't impact global cluster availability.
Do not try to make a backup of the metadata folder of a running node.
**Since Garage v0.9.4,** you can use the `garage meta snapshot --all` command
to take a simultaneous snapshot of the metadata database files of all your
nodes. This avoids the tedious process of having to take them down one by
one before upgrading. Be careful that if automatic snapshotting is enabled,
Garage only keeps the last two snapshots and deletes older ones, so you might
want to disable automatic snapshotting in your upgraded configuration file
until you have confirmed that the upgrade ran successfully. In addition to
snapshotting the metadata databases of your nodes, you should back-up at
least the `cluster_layout` file of one of your Garage instances (this file
should be the same on all nodes and you can copy it safely while Garage is
running).
3. Prepare your binaries and configuration files for the new Garage version
4. Restart all nodes simultaneously in the new version

View file

@ -42,13 +42,6 @@ If a binary of the last version is not available for your architecture,
or if you want a build customized for your system,
you can [build Garage from source](@/documentation/cookbook/from-source.md).
If none of these option work for you, you can also run Garage in a Docker
container. When using Docker, the commands used in this guide will not work
anymore. We recommend reading the tutorial on [configuring a
multi-node cluster](@/documentation/cookbook/real-world.md) to learn about
using Garage as a Docker container. For simplicity, a minimal command to launch
Garage using Docker is provided in this quick start guide as well.
## Configuring and starting Garage
@ -64,9 +57,9 @@ to generate unique and private secrets for security reasons:
cat > garage.toml <<EOF
metadata_dir = "/tmp/meta"
data_dir = "/tmp/data"
db_engine = "sqlite"
db_engine = "lmdb"
replication_factor = 1
replication_mode = "none"
rpc_bind_addr = "[::]:3901"
rpc_public_addr = "127.0.0.1:3901"
@ -86,15 +79,11 @@ index = "index.html"
api_bind_addr = "[::]:3904"
[admin]
api_bind_addr = "[::]:3903"
api_bind_addr = "0.0.0.0:3903"
admin_token = "$(openssl rand -base64 32)"
metrics_token = "$(openssl rand -base64 32)"
EOF
```
See the [Configuration file format](https://garagehq.deuxfleurs.fr/documentation/reference-manual/configuration/)
for complete options and values.
Now that your configuration file has been created, you may save it to the directory of your choice.
By default, Garage looks for **`/etc/garage.toml`.**
You can also store it somewhere else, but you will have to specify `-c path/to/garage.toml`
@ -121,31 +110,10 @@ garage -c path/to/garage.toml server
If you have placed the `garage.toml` file in `/etc` (its default location), you can simply run `garage server`.
Alternatively, if you cannot or do not wish to run the Garage binary directly,
you may use Docker to run Garage in a container using the following command:
You can tune Garage's verbosity as follows (from less verbose to more verbose):
```bash
docker run \
-d \
--name garaged \
-p 3900:3900 -p 3901:3901 -p 3902:3902 -p 3903:3903 \
-v /etc/garage.toml:/path/to/garage.toml \
-v /var/lib/garage/meta:/path/to/garage/meta \
-v /var/lib/garage/data:/path/to/garage/data \
dxflrs/garage:v0.9.4
```
Under Linux, you can substitute `--network host` for `-p 3900:3900 -p 3901:3901 -p 3902:3902 -p 3903:3903`
#### Troubleshooting
Ensure your configuration file, `metadata_dir` and `data_dir` are readable by the user running the `garage` server or Docker.
You can tune Garage's verbosity by setting the `RUST_LOG=` environment variable. \
Available log levels are (from less verbose to more verbose): `error`, `warn`, `info` *(default)*, `debug` and `trace`.
```bash
RUST_LOG=garage=info garage server # default
RUST_LOG=garage=info garage server
RUST_LOG=garage=debug garage server
RUST_LOG=garage=trace garage server
```
@ -161,9 +129,6 @@ It uses values from the TOML configuration file to find the Garage daemon runnin
local node, therefore if your configuration file is not at `/etc/garage.toml` you will
again have to specify `-c path/to/garage.toml` at each invocation.
If you are running Garage in a Docker container, you can set `alias garage="docker exec -ti <container name> /garage"`
to use the Garage binary inside your container.
If the `garage` CLI is able to correctly detect the parameters of your local Garage node,
the following command should be enough to show the status of your cluster:
@ -199,7 +164,7 @@ For instance here you could write just `garage layout assign -z dc1 -c 1G 563e`.
The layout then has to be applied to the cluster, using:
```bash
garage layout apply --version 1
garage layout apply
```
@ -284,7 +249,7 @@ garage bucket info nextcloud-bucket
```
## Uploading and downloading from Garage
## Uploading and downlading from Garage
To download and upload files on garage, we can use a third-party tool named `awscli`.
@ -349,7 +314,7 @@ Check [our s3 compatibility list](@/documentation/reference-manual/s3-compatibil
### Other tools for interacting with Garage
The following tools can also be used to send and receive files from/to Garage:
The following tools can also be used to send and recieve files from/to Garage:
- [minio-client](@/documentation/connect/cli.md#minio-client)
- [s3cmd](@/documentation/connect/cli.md#s3cmd)

View file

@ -8,21 +8,18 @@ listen address is specified in the `[admin]` section of the configuration
file (see [configuration file
reference](@/documentation/reference-manual/configuration.md))
**WARNING.** At this point, there is no commitment to the stability of the APIs described in this document.
We will bump the version numbers prefixed to each API endpoint each time the syntax
**WARNING.** At this point, there is no comittement to stability of the APIs described in this document.
We will bump the version numbers prefixed to each API endpoint at each time the syntax
or semantics change, meaning that code that relies on these endpoint will break
when changes are introduced.
Versions:
- Before Garage 0.7.2 - no admin API
- Garage 0.7.2 - admin APIv0
- Garage 0.9.0 - admin APIv1, deprecate admin APIv0
The Garage administration API was introduced in version 0.7.2, this document
does not apply to older versions of Garage.
## Access control
The admin API uses two different tokens for access control, that are specified in the config file's `[admin]` section:
The admin API uses two different tokens for acces control, that are specified in the config file's `[admin]` section:
- `metrics_token`: the token for accessing the Metrics endpoint (if this token
is not set in the config file, the Metrics endpoint can be accessed without
@ -88,8 +85,8 @@ Consult the full health check API endpoint at /v0/health for more details
### On-demand TLS `GET /check`
To prevent abuse for on-demand TLS, Caddy developers have specified an endpoint that can be queried by the reverse proxy
to know if a given domain is allowed to get a certificate. Garage implements these endpoints to tell if a given domain is handled by Garage or is garbage.
To prevent abuses for on-demand TLS, Caddy developpers have specified an endpoint that can be queried by the reverse proxy
to know if a given domain is allowed to get a certificate. Garage implements this endpoints to tell if a given domain is handled by Garage or is garbage.
Garage responds with the following logic:
- If the domain matches the pattern `<bucket-name>.<s3_api.root_domain>`, returns 200 OK
@ -102,7 +99,7 @@ You must manually declare the domain in your reverse-proxy. Idem for K2V.*
*Note 2: buckets in a user's namespace are not supported yet by this endpoint. This is a limitation of this endpoint currently.*
**Example:** Suppose a Garage instance is configured with `s3_api.root_domain = .s3.garage.localhost` and `s3_web.root_domain = .web.garage.localhost`.
**Example:** Suppose a Garage instance configured with `s3_api.root_domain = .s3.garage.localhost` and `s3_web.root_domain = .web.garage.localhost`.
With a private `media` bucket (name in the global namespace, website is disabled), the endpoint will feature the following behavior:
@ -134,9 +131,7 @@ $ curl -so /dev/null -w "%{http_code}" http://localhost:3903/check?domain=exampl
### Cluster operations
These endpoints have a dedicated OpenAPI spec.
- APIv1 - [HTML spec](https://garagehq.deuxfleurs.fr/api/garage-admin-v1.html) - [OpenAPI YAML](https://garagehq.deuxfleurs.fr/api/garage-admin-v1.yml)
- APIv0 (deprecated) - [HTML spec](https://garagehq.deuxfleurs.fr/api/garage-admin-v0.html) - [OpenAPI YAML](https://garagehq.deuxfleurs.fr/api/garage-admin-v0.yml)
These endpoints are defined on a dedicated [Redocly page](https://garagehq.deuxfleurs.fr/api/garage-admin-v0.html). You can also download its [OpenAPI specification](https://garagehq.deuxfleurs.fr/api/garage-admin-v0.yml).
Requesting the API from the command line can be as simple as running:

View file

@ -8,39 +8,30 @@ weight = 20
Here is an example `garage.toml` configuration file that illustrates all of the possible options:
```toml
replication_factor = 3
consistency_mode = "consistent"
metadata_dir = "/var/lib/garage/meta"
data_dir = "/var/lib/garage/data"
metadata_fsync = true
data_fsync = false
disable_scrub = false
use_local_tz = false
metadata_auto_snapshot_interval = "6h"
db_engine = "lmdb"
block_size = "1M"
block_ram_buffer_max = "256MiB"
block_size = 1048576
sled_cache_capacity = "128MiB"
sled_flush_every_ms = 2000
lmdb_map_size = "1T"
replication_mode = "3"
compression_level = 1
rpc_secret = "4425f5c26c5e11581d3223904324dcb5b5d5dfb14e5e7f35e38c595424f5f1e6"
rpc_bind_addr = "[::]:3901"
rpc_bind_outgoing = false
rpc_public_addr = "[fc00:1::1]:3901"
# or set rpc_public_adr_subnet to filter down autodiscovery to a subnet:
# rpc_public_addr_subnet = "2001:0db8:f00:b00:/64"
allow_world_readable_secrets = false
bootstrap_peers = [
"563e1ac825ee3323aa441e72c26d1030d6d4414aeb3dd25287c531e7fc2bc95d@[fc00:1::1]:3901",
"86f0f26ae4afbd59aaf9cfb059eefac844951efd5b8caeec0d53f4ed6c85f332@[fc00:1::2]:3901",
"86f0f26ae4afbd59aaf9cfb059eefac844951efd5b8caeec0d53f4ed6c85f332[fc00:1::2]:3901",
"681456ab91350f92242e80a531a3ec9392cb7c974f72640112f90a600d7921a4@[fc00:B::1]:3901",
"212fd62eeaca72c122b45a7f4fa0f55e012aa5e24ac384a72a3016413fa724ff@[fc00:F::1]:3901",
]
@ -77,8 +68,8 @@ root_domain = ".web.garage"
[admin]
api_bind_addr = "0.0.0.0:3903"
metrics_token = "BCAdFjoa9G0KJR0WXnHHm7fs1ZAbfpI8iIZ+Z/a2NgI="
admin_token = "UkLeGWEvHnXBqnueR3ISEMWpOnm40jH2tM2HnnL/0F4="
metrics_token = "cacce0b2de4bc2d9f5b5fdff551e01ac1496055aed248202d415398987e35f81"
admin_token = "ae8cb40ea7368bbdbb6430af11cca7da833d3458a5f52086f4e805a570fb5c2a"
trace_sink = "http://localhost:4317"
```
@ -86,188 +77,7 @@ The following gives details about each available configuration option.
## Available configuration options
### Index
[Environment variables](#env_variables).
Top-level configuration options:
[`allow_world_readable_secrets`](#allow_world_readable_secrets),
[`block_ram_buffer_max`](#block_ram_buffer_max),
[`block_size`](#block_size),
[`bootstrap_peers`](#bootstrap_peers),
[`compression_level`](#compression_level),
[`data_dir`](#data_dir),
[`data_fsync`](#data_fsync),
[`db_engine`](#db_engine),
[`disable_scrub`](#disable_scrub),
[`use_local_tz`](#use_local_tz),
[`lmdb_map_size`](#lmdb_map_size),
[`metadata_auto_snapshot_interval`](#metadata_auto_snapshot_interval),
[`metadata_dir`](#metadata_dir),
[`metadata_fsync`](#metadata_fsync),
[`replication_factor`](#replication_factor),
[`consistency_mode`](#consistency_mode),
[`rpc_bind_addr`](#rpc_bind_addr),
[`rpc_bind_outgoing`](#rpc_bind_outgoing),
[`rpc_public_addr`](#rpc_public_addr),
[`rpc_public_addr_subnet`](#rpc_public_addr_subnet)
[`rpc_secret`/`rpc_secret_file`](#rpc_secret).
The `[consul_discovery]` section:
[`api`](#consul_api),
[`ca_cert`](#consul_ca_cert),
[`client_cert`](#consul_client_cert_and_key),
[`client_key`](#consul_client_cert_and_key),
[`consul_http_addr`](#consul_http_addr),
[`meta`](#consul_tags_and_meta),
[`service_name`](#consul_service_name),
[`tags`](#consul_tags_and_meta),
[`tls_skip_verify`](#consul_tls_skip_verify),
[`token`](#consul_token).
The `[kubernetes_discovery]` section:
[`namespace`](#kube_namespace),
[`service_name`](#kube_service_name),
[`skip_crd`](#kube_skip_crd).
The `[s3_api]` section:
[`api_bind_addr`](#s3_api_bind_addr),
[`root_domain`](#s3_root_domain),
[`s3_region`](#s3_region).
The `[s3_web]` section:
[`bind_addr`](#web_bind_addr),
[`root_domain`](#web_root_domain).
The `[admin]` section:
[`api_bind_addr`](#admin_api_bind_addr),
[`metrics_token`/`metrics_token_file`](#admin_metrics_token),
[`admin_token`/`admin_token_file`](#admin_token),
[`trace_sink`](#admin_trace_sink),
### Environment variables {#env_variables}
The following configuration parameter must be specified as an environment
variable, it does not exist in the configuration file:
- `GARAGE_LOG_TO_SYSLOG` (since v0.9.4): set this to `1` or `true` to make the
Garage daemon send its logs to `syslog` (using the libc `syslog` function)
instead of printing to stderr.
The following environment variables can be used to override the corresponding
values in the configuration file:
- [`GARAGE_ALLOW_WORLD_READABLE_SECRETS`](#allow_world_readable_secrets)
- [`GARAGE_RPC_SECRET` and `GARAGE_RPC_SECRET_FILE`](#rpc_secret)
- [`GARAGE_ADMIN_TOKEN` and `GARAGE_ADMIN_TOKEN_FILE`](#admin_token)
- [`GARAGE_METRICS_TOKEN` and `GARAGE_METRICS_TOKEN`](#admin_metrics_token)
### Top-level configuration options
#### `replication_factor` {#replication_factor}
The replication factor can be any positive integer smaller or equal the node count in your cluster.
The chosen replication factor has a big impact on the cluster's failure tolerancy and performance characteristics.
- `1`: data stored on Garage is stored on a single node. There is no
redundancy, and data will be unavailable as soon as one node fails or its
network is disconnected. Do not use this for anything else than test
deployments.
- `2`: data stored on Garage will be stored on two different nodes, if possible
in different zones. Garage tolerates one node failure, or several nodes
failing but all in a single zone (in a deployment with at least two zones),
before losing data. Data remains available in read-only mode when one node is
down, but write operations will fail.
- `3`: data stored on Garage will be stored on three different nodes, if
possible each in a different zones. Garage tolerates two node failure, or
several node failures but in no more than two zones (in a deployment with at
least three zones), before losing data. As long as only a single node fails,
or node failures are only in a single zone, reading and writing data to
Garage can continue normally.
- `5`, `7`, ...: When setting the replication factor above 3, it is most useful to
choose an uneven value, since for every two copies added, one more node can fail
before losing the ability to write and read to the cluster.
Note that in modes `2` and `3`,
if at least the same number of zones are available, an arbitrary number of failures in
any given zone is tolerated as copies of data will be spread over several zones.
**Make sure `replication_factor` is the same in the configuration files of all nodes.
Never run a Garage cluster where that is not the case.**
It is technically possible to change the replication factor although it's a
dangerous operation that is not officially supported. This requires you to
delete the existing cluster layout and create a new layout from scratch,
meaning that a full rebalancing of your cluster's data will be needed. To do
it, shut down your cluster entirely, delete the `custer_layout` files in the
meta directories of all your nodes, update all your configuration files with
the new `replication_factor` parameter, restart your cluster, and then create a
new layout with all the nodes you want to keep. Rebalancing data will take
some time, and data might temporarily appear unavailable to your users.
It is recommended to shut down public access to the cluster while rebalancing
is in progress. In theory, no data should be lost as rebalancing is a
routine operation for Garage, although we cannot guarantee you that everything
will go right in such an extreme scenario.
#### `consistency_mode` {#consistency_mode}
The consistency mode setting determines the read and write behaviour of your cluster.
- `consistent`: The default setting. This is what the paragraph above describes.
The read and write quorum will be determined so that read-after-write consistency
is guaranteed.
- `degraded`: Lowers the read
quorum to `1`, to allow you to read data from your cluster when several
nodes (or nodes in several zones) are unavailable. In this mode, Garage
does not provide read-after-write consistency anymore.
The write quorum stays the same as in the `consistent` mode, ensuring that
data successfully written to Garage is stored on multiple nodes (depending
the replication factor).
- `dangerous`: This mode lowers both the read
and write quorums to `1`, to allow you to both read and write to your
cluster when several nodes (or nodes in several zones) are unavailable. It
is the least consistent mode of operation proposed by Garage, and also one
that should probably never be used.
Changing the `consistency_mode` between modes while leaving the `replication_factor` untouched
(e.g. setting your node's `consistency_mode` to `degraded` when it was previously unset, or from
`dangerous` to `consistent`), can be done easily by just changing the `consistency_mode`
parameter in your config files and restarting all your Garage nodes.
The consistency mode can be used together with various replication factors, to achieve
a wide range of read and write characteristics. Some examples:
- Replication factor `2`, consistency mode `degraded`: While this mode
technically exists, its properties are the same as with consistency mode `consistent`,
since the read quorum with replication factor `2`, consistency mode `consistent` is already 1.
- Replication factor `2`, consistency mode `dangerous`: written objects are written to
the second replica asynchronously. This means that Garage will return `200
OK` to a PutObject request before the second copy is fully written (or even
before it even starts being written). This means that data can more easily
be lost if the node crashes before a second copy can be completed. This
also means that written objects might not be visible immediately in read
operations. In other words, this configuration severely breaks the consistency and
durability guarantees of standard Garage cluster operation. Benefits of
this configuration: you can still write to your cluster when one node is
unavailable.
The quorums associated with each replication mode are described below:
| `consistency_mode` | `replication_factor` | Write quorum | Read quorum | Read-after-write consistency? |
| ------------------ | -------------------- | ------------ | ----------- | ----------------------------- |
| `consistent` | 1 | 1 | 1 | yes |
| `consistent` | 2 | 2 | 1 | yes |
| `dangerous` | 2 | 1 | 1 | NO |
| `consistent` | 3 | 2 | 2 | yes |
| `degraded` | 3 | 2 | 1 | NO |
| `dangerous` | 3 | 1 | 1 | NO |
#### `metadata_dir` {#metadata_dir}
### `metadata_dir`
The directory in which Garage will store its metadata. This contains the node identifier,
the network configuration and the peer list, the list of buckets and keys as well
@ -275,7 +85,7 @@ as the index of all objects, object version and object blocks.
Store this folder on a fast SSD drive if possible to maximize Garage's performance.
#### `data_dir` {#data_dir}
### `data_dir`
The directory in which Garage will store the data blocks of objects.
This folder can be placed on an HDD. The space available for `data_dir`
@ -295,62 +105,48 @@ data_dir = [
See [the dedicated documentation page](@/documentation/operations/multi-hdd.md)
on how to operate Garage in such a setup.
#### `db_engine` (since `v0.8.0`) {#db_engine}
### `db_engine` (since `v0.8.0`)
Since `v0.8.0`, Garage can use alternative storage backends as follows:
By default, Garage uses the Sled embedded database library
to store its metadata on-disk. Since `v0.8.0`, Garage can use alternative storage backends as follows:
| DB engine | `db_engine` value | Database path |
| --------- | ----------------- | ------------- |
| [LMDB](https://www.symas.com/lmdb) (since `v0.8.0`, default since `v0.9.0`) | `"lmdb"` | `<metadata_dir>/db.lmdb/` |
| [Sqlite](https://sqlite.org) (since `v0.8.0`) | `"sqlite"` | `<metadata_dir>/db.sqlite` |
| [Sled](https://sled.rs) (old default, removed since `v1.0`) | `"sled"` | `<metadata_dir>/db/` |
Sled was supported until Garage v0.9.x, and was removed in Garage v1.0.
You can still use an older binary of Garage (e.g. v0.9.4) to migrate
old Sled metadata databases to another engine.
| [Sled](https://sled.rs) | `"sled"` | `<metadata_dir>/db/` |
| [LMDB](https://www.lmdb.tech) | `"lmdb"` | `<metadata_dir>/db.lmdb/` |
| [Sqlite](https://sqlite.org) | `"sqlite"` | `<metadata_dir>/db.sqlite` |
Performance characteristics of the different DB engines are as follows:
- LMDB: the recommended database engine for high-performance distributed clusters.
LMDB works very well, but is known to have the following limitations:
- Sled: the default database engine, which tends to produce
large data files and also has performance issues, especially when the metadata folder
is on a traditional HDD and not on SSD.
- LMDB: the recommended alternative on 64-bit systems,
much more space-efficiant and slightly faster. Note that the data format of LMDB is not portable
between architectures, so for instance the Garage database of an x86-64
node cannot be moved to an ARM64 node. Also note that, while LMDB can technically be used on 32-bit systems,
this will limit your node to very small database sizes due to how LMDB works; it is therefore not recommended.
- Sqlite: Garage supports Sqlite as a storage backend for metadata,
however it may have issues and is also very slow in its current implementation,
so it is not recommended to be used for now.
- The data format of LMDB is not portable between architectures, so for
instance the Garage database of an x86-64 node cannot be moved to an ARM64
node.
- While LMDB can technically be used on 32-bit systems, this will limit your
node to very small database sizes due to how LMDB works; it is therefore
not recommended.
- Several users have reported corrupted LMDB database files after an unclean
shutdown (e.g. a power outage). This situation can generally be recovered
from if your cluster is geo-replicated (by rebuilding your metadata db from
other nodes), or if you have saved regular snapshots at the filesystem
level.
- Keys in LMDB are limited to 511 bytes. This limit translates to limits on
object keys in S3 and sort keys in K2V that are limted to 479 bytes.
- Sqlite: Garage supports Sqlite as an alternative storage backend for
metadata, which does not have the issues listed above for LMDB.
On versions 0.8.x and earlier, Sqlite should be avoided due to abysmal
performance, which was fixed with the addition of `metadata_fsync`.
Sqlite is still probably slower than LMDB due to the way we use it,
so it is not the best choice for high-performance storage clusters,
but it should work fine in many cases.
It is possible to convert Garage's metadata directory from one format to another
using the `garage convert-db` command, which should be used as follows:
It is possible to convert Garage's metadata directory from one format to another with a small utility named `convert_db`,
which can be downloaded at the following locations:
[for amd64](https://garagehq.deuxfleurs.fr/_releases/convert_db/amd64/convert_db),
[for i386](https://garagehq.deuxfleurs.fr/_releases/convert_db/i386/convert_db),
[for arm64](https://garagehq.deuxfleurs.fr/_releases/convert_db/arm64/convert_db),
[for arm](https://garagehq.deuxfleurs.fr/_releases/convert_db/arm/convert_db).
The `convert_db` utility is used as folows:
```
garage convert-db -a <input db engine> -i <input db path> \
-b <output db engine> -o <output db path>
convert-db -a <input db engine> -i <input db path> \
-b <output db engine> -o <output db path>
```
Make sure to specify the full database path as presented in the table above
(third colummn), and not just the path to the metadata directory.
Make sure to specify the full database path as presented in the table above,
and not just the path to the metadata directory.
#### `metadata_fsync` {#metadata_fsync}
### `metadata_fsync`
Whether to enable synchronous mode for the database engine or not.
This is disabled (`false`) by default.
@ -374,12 +170,13 @@ Here is how this option impacts the different database engines:
| Database | `metadata_fsync = false` (default) | `metadata_fsync = true` |
|----------|------------------------------------|-------------------------------|
| Sled | default options | *unsupported* |
| Sqlite | `PRAGMA synchronous = OFF` | `PRAGMA synchronous = NORMAL` |
| LMDB | `MDB_NOMETASYNC` + `MDB_NOSYNC` | `MDB_NOMETASYNC` |
Note that the Sqlite database is always ran in `WAL` mode (`PRAGMA journal_mode = WAL`).
#### `data_fsync` {#data_fsync}
### `data_fsync`
Whether to `fsync` data blocks and their containing directory after they are
saved to disk.
@ -392,51 +189,7 @@ at the cost of a moderate drop in write performance.
Similarly to `metatada_fsync`, this is likely not necessary
if geographical replication is used.
#### `metadata_auto_snapshot_interval` (since Garage v0.9.4) {#metadata_auto_snapshot_interval}
If this value is set, Garage will automatically take a snapshot of the metadata
DB file at a regular interval and save it in the metadata directory.
This parameter can take any duration string that can be parsed by
the [`parse_duration`](https://docs.rs/parse_duration/latest/parse_duration/#syntax) crate.
Snapshots can allow to recover from situations where the metadata DB file is
corrupted, for instance after an unclean shutdown. See [this
page](@/documentation/operations/recovering.md#corrupted_meta) for details.
Garage keeps only the two most recent snapshots of the metadata DB and deletes
older ones automatically.
Note that taking a metadata snapshot is a relatively intensive operation as the
entire data file is copied. A snapshot being taken might have performance
impacts on the Garage node while it is running. If the cluster is under heavy
write load when a snapshot operation is running, this might also cause the
database file to grow in size significantly as pages cannot be recycled easily.
For this reason, it might be better to use filesystem-level snapshots instead
if possible.
#### `disable_scrub` {#disable_scrub}
By default, Garage runs a scrub of the data directory approximately once per
month, with a random delay to avoid all nodes running at the same time. When
it scrubs the data directory, Garage will read all of the data files stored on
disk to check their integrity, and will rebuild any data files that it finds
corrupted, using the remaining valid copies stored on other nodes.
See [this page](@/documentation/operations/durability-repairs.md#scrub) for details.
Set the `disable_scrub` configuration value to `true` if you don't need Garage
to scrub the data directory, for instance if you are already scrubbing at the
filesystem level. Note that in this case, if you find a corrupted data file,
you should delete it from the data directory and then call `garage repair
blocks` on the node to ensure that it re-obtains a copy from another node on
the network.
#### `use_local_tz` {#use_local_tz}
By default, Garage runs the lifecycle worker every day at midnight in UTC. Set the
`use_local_tz` configuration value to `true` if you want Garage to run the
lifecycle worker at midnight in your local timezone. If you have multiple nodes,
you should also ensure that each node has the same timezone configuration.
#### `block_size` {#block_size}
### `block_size`
Garage splits stored objects in consecutive chunks of size `block_size`
(except the last one which might be smaller). The default size is 1MiB and
@ -451,38 +204,22 @@ files will remain available. This however means that chunks from existing files
will not be deduplicated with chunks from newly uploaded files, meaning you
might use more storage space that is optimally possible.
#### `block_ram_buffer_max` (since v0.9.4) {#block_ram_buffer_max}
### `sled_cache_capacity`
A limit on the total size of data blocks kept in RAM by S3 API nodes awaiting
to be sent to storage nodes asynchronously.
This parameter can be used to tune the capacity of the cache used by
[sled](https://sled.rs), the database Garage uses internally to store metadata.
Tune this to fit the RAM you wish to make available to your Garage instance.
This value has a conservative default (128MB) so that Garage doesn't use too much
RAM by default, but feel free to increase this for higher performance.
Explanation: since Garage wants to tolerate node failures, it uses quorum
writes to send data blocks to storage nodes: try to write the block to three
nodes, and return ok as soon as two writes complete. So even if all three nodes
are online, the third write always completes asynchronously. In general, there
are not many writes to a cluster, and the third asynchronous write can
terminate early enough so as to not cause unbounded RAM growth. However, if
the S3 API node is continuously receiving large quantities of data and the
third node is never able to catch up, many data blocks will be kept buffered in
RAM as they are awaiting transfer to the third node.
### `sled_flush_every_ms`
The `block_ram_buffer_max` sets a limit to the size of buffers that can be kept
in RAM in this process. When the limit is reached, backpressure is applied
back to the S3 client.
This parameters can be used to tune the flushing interval of sled.
Increase this if sled is thrashing your SSD, at the risk of losing more data in case
of a power outage (though this should not matter much as data is replicated on other
nodes). The default value, 2000ms, should be appropriate for most use cases.
Note that this only counts buffers that have arrived to a certain stage of
processing (received from the client + encrypted and/or compressed as
necessary) and are ready to send to the storage nodes. Many other buffers will
not be counted and this is not a hard limit on RAM consumption. In particular,
if many clients send requests simultaneously with large objects, the RAM
consumption will always grow linearly with the number of concurrent requests,
as each request will use a few buffers of size `block_size` for receiving and
intermediate processing before even trying to send the data to the storage
node.
The default value is 256MiB.
#### `lmdb_map_size` {#lmdb_map_size}
### `lmdb_map_size`
This parameters can be used to set the map size used by LMDB,
which is the size of the virtual memory region used for mapping the database file.
@ -490,7 +227,90 @@ The value of this parameter is the maximum size the metadata database can take.
This value is not bound by the physical RAM size of the machine running Garage.
If not specified, it defaults to 1GiB on 32-bit machines and 1TiB on 64-bit machines.
#### `compression_level` {#compression_level}
### `replication_mode`
Garage supports the following replication modes:
- `none` or `1`: data stored on Garage is stored on a single node. There is no
redundancy, and data will be unavailable as soon as one node fails or its
network is disconnected. Do not use this for anything else than test
deployments.
- `2`: data stored on Garage will be stored on two different nodes, if possible
in different zones. Garage tolerates one node failure, or several nodes
failing but all in a single zone (in a deployment with at least two zones),
before losing data. Data remains available in read-only mode when one node is
down, but write operations will fail.
- `2-dangerous`: a variant of mode `2`, where written objects are written to
the second replica asynchronously. This means that Garage will return `200
OK` to a PutObject request before the second copy is fully written (or even
before it even starts being written). This means that data can more easily
be lost if the node crashes before a second copy can be completed. This
also means that written objects might not be visible immediately in read
operations. In other words, this mode severely breaks the consistency and
durability guarantees of standard Garage cluster operation. Benefits of
this mode: you can still write to your cluster when one node is
unavailable.
- `3`: data stored on Garage will be stored on three different nodes, if
possible each in a different zones. Garage tolerates two node failure, or
several node failures but in no more than two zones (in a deployment with at
least three zones), before losing data. As long as only a single node fails,
or node failures are only in a single zone, reading and writing data to
Garage can continue normally.
- `3-degraded`: a variant of replication mode `3`, that lowers the read
quorum to `1`, to allow you to read data from your cluster when several
nodes (or nodes in several zones) are unavailable. In this mode, Garage
does not provide read-after-write consistency anymore. The write quorum is
still 2, ensuring that data successfully written to Garage is stored on at
least two nodes.
- `3-dangerous`: a variant of replication mode `3` that lowers both the read
and write quorums to `1`, to allow you to both read and write to your
cluster when several nodes (or nodes in several zones) are unavailable. It
is the least consistent mode of operation proposed by Garage, and also one
that should probably never be used.
Note that in modes `2` and `3`,
if at least the same number of zones are available, an arbitrary number of failures in
any given zone is tolerated as copies of data will be spread over several zones.
**Make sure `replication_mode` is the same in the configuration files of all nodes.
Never run a Garage cluster where that is not the case.**
The quorums associated with each replication mode are described below:
| `replication_mode` | Number of replicas | Write quorum | Read quorum | Read-after-write consistency? |
| ------------------ | ------------------ | ------------ | ----------- | ----------------------------- |
| `none` or `1` | 1 | 1 | 1 | yes |
| `2` | 2 | 2 | 1 | yes |
| `2-dangerous` | 2 | 1 | 1 | NO |
| `3` | 3 | 2 | 2 | yes |
| `3-degraded` | 3 | 2 | 1 | NO |
| `3-dangerous` | 3 | 1 | 1 | NO |
Changing the `replication_mode` between modes with the same number of replicas
(e.g. from `3` to `3-degraded`, or from `2-dangerous` to `2`), can be done easily by
just changing the `replication_mode` parameter in your config files and restarting all your
Garage nodes.
It is also technically possible to change the replication mode to a mode with a
different numbers of replicas, although it's a dangerous operation that is not
officially supported. This requires you to delete the existing cluster layout
and create a new layout from scratch, meaning that a full rebalancing of your
cluster's data will be needed. To do it, shut down your cluster entirely,
delete the `custer_layout` files in the meta directories of all your nodes,
update all your configuration files with the new `replication_mode` parameter,
restart your cluster, and then create a new layout with all the nodes you want
to keep. Rebalancing data will take some time, and data might temporarily
appear unavailable to your users. It is recommended to shut down public access
to the cluster while rebalancing is in progress. In theory, no data should be
lost as rebalancing is a routine operation for Garage, although we cannot
guarantee you that everything will go right in such an extreme scenario.
### `compression_level`
Zstd compression level to use for storing blocks.
@ -514,7 +334,7 @@ Compression is done synchronously, setting a value too high will add latency to
This value can be different between nodes, compression is done by the node which receive the
API call.
#### `rpc_secret`, `rpc_secret_file` or `GARAGE_RPC_SECRET`, `GARAGE_RPC_SECRET_FILE` (env) {#rpc_secret}
### `rpc_secret`, `rpc_secret_file` or `GARAGE_RPC_SECRET` (env)
Garage uses a secret key, called an RPC secret, that is shared between all
nodes of the cluster in order to identify these nodes and allow them to
@ -526,10 +346,7 @@ Since Garage `v0.8.2`, the RPC secret can also be stored in a file whose path is
given in the configuration variable `rpc_secret_file`, or specified as an
environment variable `GARAGE_RPC_SECRET`.
Since Garage `v0.8.5` and `v0.9.1`, you can also specify the path of a file
storing the secret as the `GARAGE_RPC_SECRET_FILE` environment variable.
#### `rpc_bind_addr` {#rpc_bind_addr}
### `rpc_bind_addr`
The address and port on which to bind for inter-cluster communcations
(reffered to as RPC for remote procedure calls).
@ -538,33 +355,14 @@ the node, even in the case of a NAT: the NAT should be configured to forward the
port number to the same internal port nubmer. This means that if you have several nodes running
behind a NAT, they should each use a different RPC port number.
#### `rpc_bind_outgoing`(since v0.9.2) {#rpc_bind_outgoing}
If enabled, pre-bind all sockets for outgoing connections to the same IP address
used for listening (the IP address specified in `rpc_bind_addr`) before
trying to connect to remote nodes.
This can be necessary if a node has multiple IP addresses,
but only one is allowed or able to reach the other nodes,
for instance due to firewall rules or specific routing configuration.
Disabled by default.
#### `rpc_public_addr` {#rpc_public_addr}
### `rpc_public_addr`
The address and port that other nodes need to use to contact this node for
RPC calls. **This parameter is optional but recommended.** In case you have
a NAT that binds the RPC port to a port that is different on your public IP,
this field might help making it work.
#### `rpc_public_addr_subnet` {#rpc_public_addr_subnet}
In case `rpc_public_addr` is not set, but autodiscovery is used, this allows
filtering the list of automatically discovered IPs to a specific subnet.
For example, if nodes should pick *their* IP inside a specific subnet, but you
don't want to explicitly write the IP down (as it's dynamic, or you want to
share configs across nodes), you can use this option.
#### `bootstrap_peers` {#bootstrap_peers}
### `bootstrap_peers`
A list of peer identifiers on which to contact other Garage peers of this cluster.
These peer identifiers have the following syntax:
@ -580,54 +378,43 @@ be obtained by running `garage node id` and then included directly in the
key will be returned by `garage node id` and you will have to add the IP
yourself.
### `allow_world_readable_secrets` or `GARAGE_ALLOW_WORLD_READABLE_SECRETS` (env) {#allow_world_readable_secrets}
Garage checks the permissions of your secret files to make sure they're not
world-readable. In some cases, the check might fail and consider your files as
world-readable even if they're not, for instance when using Posix ACLs.
Setting `allow_world_readable_secrets` to `true` bypass this
permission verification.
Alternatively, you can set the `GARAGE_ALLOW_WORLD_READABLE_SECRETS`
environment variable to `true` to bypass the permissions check.
### The `[consul_discovery]` section
## The `[consul_discovery]` section
Garage supports discovering other nodes of the cluster using Consul. For this
to work correctly, nodes need to know their IP address by which they can be
reached by other nodes of the cluster, which should be set in `rpc_public_addr`.
#### `consul_http_addr` {#consul_http_addr}
### `consul_http_addr` and `service_name`
The `consul_http_addr` parameter should be set to the full HTTP(S) address of the Consul server.
#### `api` {#consul_api}
### `api`
Two APIs for service registration are supported: `catalog` and `agent`. `catalog`, the default, will register a service using
the `/v1/catalog` endpoints, enabling mTLS if `client_cert` and `client_key` are provided. The `agent` API uses the
`v1/agent` endpoints instead, where an optional `token` may be provided.
#### `service_name` {#consul_service_name}
### `service_name`
`service_name` should be set to the service name under which Garage's
RPC ports are announced.
#### `client_cert`, `client_key` {#consul_client_cert_and_key}
### `client_cert`, `client_key`
TLS client certificate and client key to use when communicating with Consul over TLS. Both are mandatory when doing so.
Only available when `api = "catalog"`.
#### `ca_cert` {#consul_ca_cert}
### `ca_cert`
TLS CA certificate to use when communicating with Consul over TLS.
#### `tls_skip_verify` {#consul_tls_skip_verify}
### `tls_skip_verify`
Skip server hostname verification in TLS handshake.
`ca_cert` is ignored when this is set.
#### `token` {#consul_token}
### `token`
Uses the provided token for communication with Consul. Only available when `api = "agent"`.
The policy assigned to this token should at least have these rules:
@ -647,49 +434,49 @@ node_prefix "" {
}
```
#### `tags` and `meta` {#consul_tags_and_meta}
### `tags` and `meta`
Additional list of tags and map of service meta to add during service registration.
### The `[kubernetes_discovery]` section
## The `[kubernetes_discovery]` section
Garage supports discovering other nodes of the cluster using kubernetes custom
resources. For this to work, a `[kubernetes_discovery]` section must be present
with at least the `namespace` and `service_name` parameters.
#### `namespace` {#kube_namespace}
### `namespace`
`namespace` sets the namespace in which the custom resources are
configured.
#### `service_name` {#kube_service_name}
### `service_name`
`service_name` is added as a label to the advertised resources to
filter them, to allow for multiple deployments in a single namespace.
#### `skip_crd` {#kube_skip_crd}
### `skip_crd`
`skip_crd` can be set to true to disable the automatic creation and
patching of the `garagenodes.deuxfleurs.fr` CRD. You will need to create the CRD
manually.
### The `[s3_api]` section
## The `[s3_api]` section
#### `api_bind_addr` {#s3_api_bind_addr}
### `api_bind_addr`
The IP and port on which to bind for accepting S3 API calls.
This endpoint does not suport TLS: a reverse proxy should be used to provide it.
Alternatively, since `v0.8.5`, a path can be used to create a unix socket with 0222 mode.
#### `s3_region` {#s3_region}
### `s3_region`
Garage will accept S3 API calls that are targetted to the S3 region defined here.
API calls targetted to other regions will fail with a AuthorizationHeaderMalformed error
message that redirects the client to the correct region.
#### `root_domain` {#s3_root_domain}
### `root_domain` {#root_domain}
The optional suffix to access bucket using vhost-style in addition to path-style request.
Note path-style requests are always enabled, whether or not vhost-style is configured.
@ -701,12 +488,12 @@ using the hostname `my-bucket.s3.garage.eu`.
### The `[s3_web]` section
## The `[s3_web]` section
Garage allows to publish content of buckets as websites. This section configures the
behaviour of this module.
#### `bind_addr` {#web_bind_addr}
### `bind_addr`
The IP and port on which to bind for accepting HTTP requests to buckets configured
for website access.
@ -714,7 +501,7 @@ This endpoint does not suport TLS: a reverse proxy should be used to provide it.
Alternatively, since `v0.8.5`, a path can be used to create a unix socket with 0222 mode.
#### `root_domain` {#web_root_domain}
### `root_domain`
The optional suffix appended to bucket names for the corresponding HTTP Host.
@ -723,11 +510,11 @@ will be accessible either with hostname `deuxfleurs.fr.web.garage.eu`
or with hostname `deuxfleurs.fr`.
### The `[admin]` section
## The `[admin]` section
Garage has a few administration capabilities, in particular to allow remote monitoring. These features are detailed below.
#### `api_bind_addr` {#admin_api_bind_addr}
### `api_bind_addr`
If specified, Garage will bind an HTTP server to this port and address, on
which it will listen to requests for administration features.
@ -736,31 +523,29 @@ See [administration API reference](@/documentation/reference-manual/admin-api.md
Alternatively, since `v0.8.5`, a path can be used to create a unix socket. Note that for security reasons,
the socket will have 0220 mode. Make sure to set user and group permissions accordingly.
#### `metrics_token`, `metrics_token_file` or `GARAGE_METRICS_TOKEN`, `GARAGE_METRICS_TOKEN_FILE` (env) {#admin_metrics_token}
### `metrics_token`, `metrics_token_file` or `GARAGE_METRICS_TOKEN` (env)
The token for accessing the Metrics endpoint. If this token is not set, the
Metrics endpoint can be accessed without access control.
You can use any random string for this value. We recommend generating a random token with `openssl rand -base64 32`.
You can use any random string for this value. We recommend generating a random token with `openssl rand -hex 32`.
`metrics_token` was introduced in Garage `v0.7.2`.
`metrics_token_file` and the `GARAGE_METRICS_TOKEN` environment variable are supported since Garage `v0.8.2`.
`GARAGE_METRICS_TOKEN_FILE` is supported since `v0.8.5` / `v0.9.1`.
#### `admin_token`, `admin_token_file` or `GARAGE_ADMIN_TOKEN`, `GARAGE_ADMIN_TOKEN_FILE` (env) {#admin_token}
### `admin_token`, `admin_token_file` or `GARAGE_ADMIN_TOKEN` (env)
The token for accessing all of the other administration endpoints. If this
token is not set, access to these endpoints is disabled entirely.
You can use any random string for this value. We recommend generating a random token with `openssl rand -base64 32`.
You can use any random string for this value. We recommend generating a random token with `openssl rand -hex 32`.
`admin_token` was introduced in Garage `v0.7.2`.
`admin_token_file` and the `GARAGE_ADMIN_TOKEN` environment variable are supported since Garage `v0.8.2`.
`GARAGE_ADMIN_TOKEN_FILE` is supported since `v0.8.5` / `v0.9.1`.
#### `trace_sink` {#admin_trace_sink}
### `trace_sink`
Optionally, the address of an OpenTelemetry collector. If specified,
Garage will send traces in the OpenTelemetry format to this endpoint. These

View file

@ -37,21 +37,6 @@ A Garage cluster can very easily evolve over time, as storage nodes are added or
Garage will automatically rebalance data between nodes as needed to ensure the desired number of copies.
Read about cluster layout management [here](@/documentation/operations/layout.md).
### Several replication modes
Garage supports a variety of replication modes, with configurable replica count,
and with various levels of consistency, in order to adapt to a variety of usage scenarios.
Read our reference page on [supported replication modes](@/documentation/reference-manual/configuration.md#replication_factor)
to select the replication mode best suited to your use case (hint: in most cases, `replication_factor = 3` is what you want).
### Compression and deduplication
All data stored in Garage is deduplicated, and optionnally compressed using
Zstd. Objects uploaded to Garage are chunked in blocks of constant sizes (see
[`block_size`](@/documentation/reference-manual/configuration.md#block_size)),
and the hashes of individual blocks are used to dispatch them to storage nodes
and to deduplicate them.
### No RAFT slowing you down
It might seem strange to tout the absence of something as a desirable feature,
@ -61,7 +46,14 @@ directed to a Garage cluster can be handled independently of one another instead
of going through a central bottleneck (the leader node).
As a consequence, requests can be handled much faster, even in cases where latency
between cluster nodes is important (see our [benchmarks](@/documentation/design/benchmarks/index.md) for data on this).
This is particularly useful when nodes are far from one another and talk to one other through standard Internet connections.
This is particularly usefull when nodes are far from one another and talk to one other through standard Internet connections.
### Several replication modes
Garage supports a variety of replication modes, with 1 copy, 2 copies or 3 copies of your data,
and with various levels of consistency, in order to adapt to a variety of usage scenarios.
Read our reference page on [supported replication modes](@/documentation/reference-manual/configuration.md#replication-mode)
to select the replication mode best suited to your use case (hint: in most cases, `replication_mode = "3"` is what you want).
### Web server for static websites

View file

@ -27,112 +27,6 @@ Exposes the Garage replication factor configured on the node
garage_replication_factor 3
```
#### `garage_local_disk_avail` and `garage_local_disk_total` (gauge)
Reports the available and total disk space on each node, for data and metadata separately.
```
garage_local_disk_avail{volume="data"} 540341960704
garage_local_disk_avail{volume="metadata"} 540341960704
garage_local_disk_total{volume="data"} 763063566336
garage_local_disk_total{volume="metadata"} 763063566336
```
### Cluster health status metrics
#### `cluster_healthy` (gauge)
Whether all storage nodes are connected (0 or 1)
```
cluster_healthy 0
```
#### `cluster_available` (gauge)
Whether all requests can be served, even if some storage nodes are disconnected
```
cluster_available 1
```
#### `cluster_connected_nodes` (gauge)
Number of nodes currently connected
```
cluster_connected_nodes 3
```
#### `cluster_known_nodes` (gauge)
Number of nodes already seen once in the cluster
```
cluster_known_nodes 3
```
#### `cluster_layout_node_connected` (gauge)
Connection status for individual nodes of the cluster layout
```
cluster_layout_node_connected{id="62b218d848e86a64",role_capacity="1000000000",role_gateway="0",role_zone="dc1"} 1
cluster_layout_node_connected{id="a11c7cf18af29737",role_capacity="1000000000",role_gateway="0",role_zone="dc1"} 0
cluster_layout_node_connected{id="a235ac7695e0c54d",role_capacity="1000000000",role_gateway="0",role_zone="dc1"} 1
cluster_layout_node_connected{id="b10c110e4e854e5a",role_capacity="1000000000",role_gateway="0",role_zone="dc1"} 1
```
#### `cluster_layout_node_disconnected_time` (gauge)
Time (in seconds) since last connection to individual nodes of the cluster layout
```
cluster_layout_node_disconnected_time{id="62b218d848e86a64",role_capacity="1000000000",role_gateway="0",role_zone="dc1"} 0
cluster_layout_node_disconnected_time{id="a235ac7695e0c54d",role_capacity="1000000000",role_gateway="0",role_zone="dc1"} 0
cluster_layout_node_disconnected_time{id="b10c110e4e854e5a",role_capacity="1000000000",role_gateway="0",role_zone="dc1"} 0
```
#### `cluster_storage_nodes` (gauge)
Number of storage nodes declared in the current layout
```
cluster_storage_nodes 4
```
#### `cluster_storage_nodes_ok` (gauge)
Number of storage nodes currently connected
```
cluster_storage_nodes_ok 3
```
#### `cluster_partitions` (gauge)
Number of partitions in the layout (this is always 256)
```
cluster_partitions 256
```
#### `cluster_partitions_all_ok` (gauge)
Number of partitions for which all storage nodes are connected
```
cluster_partitions_all_ok 64
```
#### `cluster_partitions_quorum` (gauge)
Number of partitions for which we have a quorum of connected nodes and all requests can be served
```
cluster_partitions_quorum 256
```
### Metrics of the API endpoints
#### `api_admin_request_counter` (counter)
@ -225,17 +119,6 @@ block_bytes_read 120586322022
block_bytes_written 3386618077
```
#### `block_ram_buffer_free_kb` (gauge)
Kibibytes available for buffering blocks that have to be sent to remote nodes.
When clients send too much data to this node and a storage node is not receiving
data fast enough due to slower network conditions, this will decrease down to
zero and backpressure will be applied.
```
block_ram_buffer_free_kb 219829
```
#### `block_compression_level` (counter)
Exposes the block compression level configured for the Garage node.
@ -392,7 +275,7 @@ table_merkle_updater_todo_queue_length{table_name="block_ref"} 0
#### `table_sync_items_received`, `table_sync_items_sent` (counters)
Number of data items sent to/received from other nodes during resync procedures
Number of data items sent to/recieved from other nodes during resync procedures
```
table_sync_items_received{from="<remote node>",table_name="bucket_v2"} 3

View file

@ -33,7 +33,6 @@ Feel free to open a PR to suggest fixes this table. Minio is missing because the
| [URL path-style](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonS3/latest/userguide/VirtualHosting.html#path-style-access) (eg. `host.tld/bucket/key`) | ✅ Implemented | ✅ | ✅ | ❓| ✅ |
| [URL vhost-style](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonS3/latest/userguide/VirtualHosting.html#virtual-hosted-style-access) URL (eg. `bucket.host.tld/key`) | ✅ Implemented | ❌| ✅| ✅ | ✅ |
| [Presigned URLs](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonS3/latest/userguide/ShareObjectPreSignedURL.html) | ✅ Implemented | ❌| ✅ | ✅ | ✅(❓) |
| [SSE-C encryption](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonS3/latest/userguide/ServerSideEncryptionCustomerKeys.html) | ✅ Implemented | ❓ | ✅ | ❌ | ✅ |
*Note:* OpenIO does not says if it supports presigned URLs. Because it is part
of signature v4 and they claim they support it without additional precisions,

View file

@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ The general principle are similar, but details have not been updated.**
A version is defined by the existence of at least one entry in the blocks table for a certain version UUID.
We must keep the following invariant: if a version exists in the blocks table, it has to be referenced in the objects table.
We explicitly manage concurrent versions of an object: the version timestamp and version UUID columns are index columns, thus we may have several concurrent versions of an object.
Important: before deleting an older version from the objects table, we must make sure that we did a successful delete of the blocks of that version from the blocks table.
Important: before deleting an older version from the objects table, we must make sure that we did a successfull delete of the blocks of that version from the blocks table.
Thus, the workflow for reading an object is as follows:
@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ Known issue: if someone is reading from a version that we want to delete and the
Usefull metadata:
- list of versions that reference this block in the Casandra table, so that we can do GC by checking in Cassandra that the lines still exist
- list of other nodes that we know have acknowledged a write of this block, useful in the rebalancing algorithm
- list of other nodes that we know have acknowledged a write of this block, usefull in the rebalancing algorithm
Write strategy: have a single thread that does all write IO so that it is serialized (or have several threads that manage independent parts of the hash space). When writing a blob, write it to a temporary file, close, then rename so that a concurrent read gets a consistent result (either not found or found with whole content).

View file

@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ The migration steps are as follows:
5. Turn off Garage 0.3
6. Backup metadata folders if you can (i.e. if you have space to do it
somewhere). Backuping data folders could also be useful but that's much
somewhere). Backuping data folders could also be usefull but that's much
harder to do. If your filesystem supports snapshots, this could be a good
time to use them.

View file

@ -1,77 +0,0 @@
+++
title = "Migrating from 0.9 to 1.0"
weight = 11
+++
**This guide explains how to migrate to 1.0 if you have an existing 0.9 cluster.
We don't recommend trying to migrate to 1.0 directly from 0.8 or older.**
This migration procedure has been tested on several clusters without issues.
However, it is still a *critical procedure* that might cause issues.
**Make sure to back up all your data before attempting it!**
You might also want to read our [general documentation on upgrading Garage](@/documentation/operations/upgrading.md).
## Changes introduced in v1.0
The following are **breaking changes** in Garage v1.0 that require your attention when migrating:
- The Sled metadata db engine has been **removed**. If your cluster was still
using Sled, you will need to **use a Garage v0.9.x binary** to convert the
database using the `garage convert-db` subcommand. See
[here](@/documentation/reference-manual/configuration.md#db_engine) for the
details of the procedure.
The following syntax changes have been made to the configuration file:
- The `replication_mode` parameter has been split into two parameters:
[`replication_factor`](@/documentation/reference-manual/configuration.md#replication_factor)
and
[`consistency_mode`](@/documentation/reference-manual/configuration.md#consistency_mode).
The old syntax using `replication_mode` is still supported for legacy
reasons and can still be used.
- The parameters `sled_cache_capacity` and `sled_flush_every_ms` have been removed.
## Migration procedure
The migration to Garage v1.0 can be done with almost no downtime,
by restarting all nodes at once in the new version.
The migration steps are as follows:
1. Do a `garage repair --all-nodes --yes tables`, check the logs and check that
all data seems to be synced correctly between nodes. If you have time, do
additional `garage repair` procedures (`blocks`, `versions`, `block_refs`,
etc.)
2. Ensure you have a snapshot of your Garage installation that you can restore
to in case the upgrade goes wrong:
- If you are running Garage v0.9.4 or later, use the `garage meta snapshot
--all` to make a backup snapshot of the metadata directories of your nodes
for backup purposes, and save a copy of the following files in the
metadata directories of your nodes: `cluster_layout`, `data_layout`,
`node_key`, `node_key.pub`.
- If you are running a filesystem such as ZFS or BTRFS that support
snapshotting, you can create a filesystem-level snapshot to be used as a
restoration point if needed.
- In other cases, make a backup using the old procedure: turn off each node
individually; back up its metadata folder (for instance, use the following
command if your metadata directory is `/var/lib/garage/meta`: `cd
/var/lib/garage ; tar -acf meta-v0.9.tar.zst meta/`); turn it back on
again. This will allow you to take a backup of all nodes without
impacting global cluster availability. You can do all nodes of a single
zone at once as this does not impact the availability of Garage.
3. Prepare your updated binaries and configuration files for Garage v1.0
4. Shut down all v0.9 nodes simultaneously, and restart them all simultaneously
in v1.0. Use your favorite deployment tool (Ansible, Kubernetes, Nomad) to
achieve this as fast as possible. Garage v1.0 should be in a working state
as soon as enough nodes have started.
5. Monitor your cluster in the following hours to see if it works well under
your production load.

View file

@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ There are two reasons for this:
Reminder: rules of simplicity, concerning changes to Garage's source code.
Always question what we are doing.
Never do anything just because it looks nice or because we "think" it might be useful at some later point but without knowing precisely why/when.
Never do anything just because it looks nice or because we "think" it might be usefull at some later point but without knowing precisely why/when.
Only do things that make perfect sense in the context of what we currently know.
## References

View file

@ -8,9 +8,9 @@ listen address is specified in the `[admin]` section of the configuration
file (see [configuration file
reference](@/documentation/reference-manual/configuration.md))
**WARNING.** At this point, there is no commitment to the stability of the APIs described in this document.
We will bump the version numbers prefixed to each API endpoint each time the syntax
or semantics change, meaning that code that relies on these endpoints will break
**WARNING.** At this point, there is no comittement to stability of the APIs described in this document.
We will bump the version numbers prefixed to each API endpoint at each time the syntax
or semantics change, meaning that code that relies on these endpoint will break
when changes are introduced.
The Garage administration API was introduced in version 0.7.2, this document
@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ does not apply to older versions of Garage.
## Access control
The admin API uses two different tokens for access control, that are specified in the config file's `[admin]` section:
The admin API uses two different tokens for acces control, that are specified in the config file's `[admin]` section:
- `metrics_token`: the token for accessing the Metrics endpoint (if this token
is not set in the config file, the Metrics endpoint can be accessed without
@ -69,10 +69,11 @@ Example response body:
```json
{
"node": "b10c110e4e854e5aa3f4637681befac755154b20059ec163254ddbfae86b09df",
"garageVersion": "v1.0.1",
"node": "ec79480e0ce52ae26fd00c9da684e4fa56658d9c64cdcecb094e936de0bfe71f",
"garageVersion": "git:v0.9.0-dev",
"garageFeatures": [
"k2v",
"sled",
"lmdb",
"sqlite",
"metrics",
@ -80,92 +81,83 @@ Example response body:
],
"rustVersion": "1.68.0",
"dbEngine": "LMDB (using Heed crate)",
"layoutVersion": 5,
"nodes": [
"knownNodes": [
{
"id": "62b218d848e86a64f7fe1909735f29a4350547b54c4b204f91246a14eb0a1a8c",
"role": {
"id": "62b218d848e86a64f7fe1909735f29a4350547b54c4b204f91246a14eb0a1a8c",
"zone": "dc1",
"capacity": 100000000000,
"tags": []
},
"addr": "10.0.0.3:3901",
"hostname": "node3",
"id": "ec79480e0ce52ae26fd00c9da684e4fa56658d9c64cdcecb094e936de0bfe71f",
"addr": "10.0.0.11:3901",
"isUp": true,
"lastSeenSecsAgo": 12,
"draining": false,
"dataPartition": {
"available": 660270088192,
"total": 873862266880
},
"metadataPartition": {
"available": 660270088192,
"total": 873862266880
}
"lastSeenSecsAgo": 9,
"hostname": "node1"
},
{
"id": "a11c7cf18af297379eff8688360155fe68d9061654449ba0ce239252f5a7487f",
"role": null,
"addr": "10.0.0.2:3901",
"hostname": "node2",
"id": "4a6ae5a1d0d33bf895f5bb4f0a418b7dc94c47c0dd2eb108d1158f3c8f60b0ff",
"addr": "10.0.0.12:3901",
"isUp": true,
"lastSeenSecsAgo": 11,
"draining": true,
"dataPartition": {
"available": 660270088192,
"total": 873862266880
},
"metadataPartition": {
"available": 660270088192,
"total": 873862266880
}
"lastSeenSecsAgo": 1,
"hostname": "node2"
},
{
"id": "a235ac7695e0c54d7b403943025f57504d500fdcc5c3e42c71c5212faca040a2",
"role": {
"id": "a235ac7695e0c54d7b403943025f57504d500fdcc5c3e42c71c5212faca040a2",
"zone": "dc1",
"capacity": 100000000000,
"tags": []
},
"addr": "127.0.0.1:3904",
"hostname": "lindy",
"id": "23ffd0cdd375ebff573b20cc5cef38996b51c1a7d6dbcf2c6e619876e507cf27",
"addr": "10.0.0.21:3901",
"isUp": true,
"lastSeenSecsAgo": 2,
"draining": false,
"dataPartition": {
"available": 660270088192,
"total": 873862266880
},
"metadataPartition": {
"available": 660270088192,
"total": 873862266880
}
"lastSeenSecsAgo": 7,
"hostname": "node3"
},
{
"id": "b10c110e4e854e5aa3f4637681befac755154b20059ec163254ddbfae86b09df",
"role": {
"id": "b10c110e4e854e5aa3f4637681befac755154b20059ec163254ddbfae86b09df",
"zone": "dc1",
"capacity": 100000000000,
"tags": []
},
"addr": "10.0.0.1:3901",
"hostname": "node1",
"id": "e2ee7984ee65b260682086ec70026165903c86e601a4a5a501c1900afe28d84b",
"addr": "10.0.0.22:3901",
"isUp": true,
"lastSeenSecsAgo": 3,
"draining": false,
"dataPartition": {
"available": 660270088192,
"total": 873862266880
},
"metadataPartition": {
"available": 660270088192,
"total": 873862266880
}
"lastSeenSecsAgo": 1,
"hostname": "node4"
}
]
],
"layout": {
"version": 12,
"roles": [
{
"id": "ec79480e0ce52ae26fd00c9da684e4fa56658d9c64cdcecb094e936de0bfe71f",
"zone": "dc1",
"capacity": 10737418240,
"tags": [
"node1"
]
},
{
"id": "4a6ae5a1d0d33bf895f5bb4f0a418b7dc94c47c0dd2eb108d1158f3c8f60b0ff",
"zone": "dc1",
"capacity": 10737418240,
"tags": [
"node2"
]
},
{
"id": "23ffd0cdd375ebff573b20cc5cef38996b51c1a7d6dbcf2c6e619876e507cf27",
"zone": "dc2",
"capacity": 10737418240,
"tags": [
"node3"
]
}
],
"stagedRoleChanges": [
{
"id": "e2ee7984ee65b260682086ec70026165903c86e601a4a5a501c1900afe28d84b",
"remove": false,
"zone": "dc2",
"capacity": 10737418240,
"tags": [
"node4"
]
}
{
"id": "23ffd0cdd375ebff573b20cc5cef38996b51c1a7d6dbcf2c6e619876e507cf27",
"remove": true,
"zone": null,
"capacity": null,
"tags": null,
}
]
}
}
```

View file

@ -146,7 +146,7 @@ in a bucket, as the partition key becomes the sort key in the index.
How indexing works:
- Each node keeps a local count of how many items it stores for each partition,
in a local database tree that is updated atomically when an item is modified.
in a local Sled tree that is updated atomically when an item is modified.
- These local counters are asynchronously stored in the index table which is
a regular Garage table spread in the network. Counters are stored as LWW values,
so basically the final table will have the following structure:
@ -562,7 +562,7 @@ token>", v: ["<value1>", ...] }`, with the following fields:
- in case of concurrent update and deletion, a `null` is added to the list of concurrent values
- if the `tombstones` query parameter is set to `true`, tombstones are returned
for items that have been deleted (this can be useful for inserting after an
for items that have been deleted (this can be usefull for inserting after an
item that has been deleted, so that the insert is not considered
concurrent with the delete). Tombstones are returned as tuples in the
same format with only `null` values

View file

@ -1,10 +0,0 @@
*
!*.txt
!*.md
!*.tex
!talk.pdf
!Makefile
!.gitignore

View file

@ -1,10 +0,0 @@
ASSETS=../assets/deuxfleurs.pdf
talk.pdf: talk.tex $(ASSETS)
pdflatex talk.tex
assets/%.pdf: assets/%.svg
inkscape -D -z --file=$^ --export-pdf=$@
assets/%.pdf_tex: assets/%.svg
inkscape -D -z --file=$^ --export-pdf=$@ --export-latex

Binary file not shown.

View file

@ -1,370 +0,0 @@
\nonstopmode
\documentclass[aspectratio=169]{beamer}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
% \usepackage[frenchb]{babel}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{mathtools}
\usepackage{breqn}
\usepackage{multirow}
\usetheme{boxes}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{import}
\usepackage{adjustbox}
%\useoutertheme[footline=authortitle,subsection=false]{miniframes}
%\useoutertheme[footline=authorinstitute,subsection=false]{miniframes}
\useoutertheme{infolines}
\setbeamertemplate{headline}{}
\beamertemplatenavigationsymbolsempty
\definecolor{TitleOrange}{RGB}{255,137,0}
\setbeamercolor{title}{fg=TitleOrange}
\setbeamercolor{frametitle}{fg=TitleOrange}
\definecolor{ListOrange}{RGB}{255,145,5}
\setbeamertemplate{itemize item}{\color{ListOrange}$\blacktriangleright$}
\definecolor{verygrey}{RGB}{70,70,70}
\setbeamercolor{normal text}{fg=verygrey}
\usepackage{tabu}
\usepackage{multicol}
\usepackage{vwcol}
\usepackage{stmaryrd}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage[normalem]{ulem}
\AtBeginSection[]{
\begin{frame}
\vfill
\centering
\begin{beamercolorbox}[sep=8pt,center,shadow=true,rounded=true]{title}
\usebeamerfont{title}\insertsectionhead\par%
\end{beamercolorbox}
\vfill
\end{frame}
}
\title{Garage}
\subtitle{a lightweight and robust geo-distributed data storage system}
\author{Alex Auvolat, Deuxfleurs}
\date{SEED webinar, 2024-01-12}
\begin{document}
% \begin{frame}
% \centering
% \includegraphics[width=.3\linewidth]{../../sticker/Garage.png}
% \vspace{1em}
%
% {\large\bf Alex Auvolat, Deuxfleurs Association}
% \vspace{1em}
%
% \url{https://garagehq.deuxfleurs.fr/}
%
% %Matrix channel: \texttt{\#garage:deuxfleurs.fr}
% \end{frame}
\begin{frame}
%\frametitle{Who I am}
\begin{columns}[t]
\begin{column}{.2\textwidth}
\centering
\adjincludegraphics[width=.4\linewidth, valign=t]{../assets/alex.jpg}
\end{column}
\begin{column}{.6\textwidth}
\textbf{Alex Auvolat}\\
Member of Deuxfleurs, lead developer of Garage
\end{column}
\begin{column}{.2\textwidth}
~
\end{column}
\end{columns}
\vspace{.5em}
\begin{columns}[t]
\begin{column}{.2\textwidth}
\centering
\adjincludegraphics[width=.6\linewidth, valign=t]{../../logo/garage-notext.png}
\end{column}
\begin{column}{.6\textwidth}
\\\textbf{Garage}\\
A self-hosted alternative to S3 for object storage
\end{column}
\begin{column}{.2\textwidth}
~
\end{column}
\end{columns}
\vspace{2em}
\begin{columns}[t]
\begin{column}{.2\textwidth}
\centering
\adjincludegraphics[width=.5\linewidth, valign=t]{../assets/deuxfleurs.pdf}
\end{column}
\begin{column}{.6\textwidth}
\textbf{Deuxfleurs}\\
A non-profit self-hosting collective,\\
member of the CHATONS network
\end{column}
\begin{column}{.2\textwidth}
\centering
\adjincludegraphics[width=.7\linewidth, valign=t]{../assets/logo_chatons.png}
\end{column}
\end{columns}
\end{frame}
\begin{frame}
\frametitle{Stable vs Resilient}
\hspace{1em}
\begin{minipage}{7cm}
\textbf{Building a "stable" system:}
\vspace{1em}
Enterprise-grade systems typically employ:
\vspace{1em}
\begin{itemize}
\item RAID
\item Redundant power grid + UPS
\item Redundant Internet connections
\item Low-latency links
\item ...
\end{itemize}
\vspace{1em}
$\to$ costly, only worth at DC scale\\
$\to$ still risk of DC-level incident...
\end{minipage}
\hfill
\begin{minipage}{7cm}
\textbf{Building a \underline{resilient} system:}
\vspace{1em}
An alternative, cheaper way:
\vspace{1em}
\begin{itemize}
\item Commodity hardware \\(e.g. old desktop PCs)
\vspace{.5em}
\item Commodity Internet \\(e.g. FTTB, FTTH) and power grid
\vspace{.5em}
\item \textbf{Geographical redundancy} \\(multi-site replication)
\end{itemize}
\vspace{1.5em}
\end{minipage}
\hspace{1em}
\end{frame}
\begin{frame}
\frametitle{Example: our infrastructure at Deuxfleurs}
\only<1>{
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[width=.8\linewidth]{../assets/neptune.jpg}
\end{center}
}
\only<2>{
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[width=.8\linewidth]{../assets/atuin.jpg}
\end{center}
}
\only<3>{
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[width=.8\linewidth]{../assets/inframap_jdll2023.pdf}
\end{center}
}
\end{frame}
\begin{frame}
\frametitle{Object storage: simpler than file systems}
\begin{minipage}{6cm}
Only two operations:
\vspace{1em}
\begin{itemize}
\item Put an object at a key
\vspace{1em}
\item Retrieve an object from its key
\end{itemize}
\vspace{1em}
{\footnotesize (and a few others)}
\vspace{1em}
Sufficient for many applications!
\end{minipage}
\hfill
\begin{minipage}{8cm}
\begin{center}
\vspace{2em}
\includegraphics[height=6em]{../2020-12-02_wide-team/img/Amazon-S3.jpg}
\hspace{2em}
\includegraphics[height=5em]{../assets/minio.png}
\vspace{2em}
\includegraphics[height=6em]{../../logo/garage_hires_crop.png}
\end{center}
\vspace{1em}
\end{minipage}
\end{frame}
\begin{frame}
\frametitle{The data model of object storage}
Object storage is basically a key-value store:
\vspace{1em}
\begin{center}
\begin{tabular}{|l|p{8cm}|}
\hline
\textbf{Key: file path + name} & \textbf{Value: file data + metadata} \\
\hline
\hline
\texttt{index.html} &
\texttt{Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8} \newline
\texttt{Content-Length: 24929} \newline
\texttt{<binary blob>} \\
\hline
\texttt{img/logo.svg} &
\texttt{Content-Type: text/svg+xml} \newline
\texttt{Content-Length: 13429} \newline
\texttt{<binary blob>} \\
\hline
\texttt{download/index.html} &
\texttt{Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8} \newline
\texttt{Content-Length: 26563} \newline
\texttt{<binary blob>} \\
\hline
\end{tabular}
\end{center}
\end{frame}
\begin{frame}
\frametitle{Implementation: consensus vs weak consistency}
\hspace{1em}
\begin{minipage}{7cm}
\textbf{Consensus-based systems:}
\vspace{1em}
\begin{itemize}
\item \textbf{Leader-based:} a leader is elected to coordinate
all reads and writes
\vspace{1em}
\item Allows for \textbf{sequential reasoning}:
program as if running on a single machine
\vspace{1em}
\item Serializability is one of the \\
\textbf{strongest consistency guarantees}
\vspace{1em}
\item \textbf{Costly}, the leader is a bottleneck;
leader elections on failure take time
\end{itemize}
\end{minipage}
\hfill
\begin{minipage}{7cm} \visible<2->{
\textbf{Weakly consistent systems:}
\vspace{1em}
\begin{itemize}
\item \textbf{Nodes are equivalent}, any node
can originate a read or write operation
\vspace{1em}
\item \textbf{Operations must be independent},
conflicts are resolved after the fact
\vspace{1em}
\item Strongest achievable consistency:\\
\textbf{read-after-write consistency}\\(using quorums)
\vspace{1em}
\item \textbf{Fast}, no single bottleneck;\\
works transparently with offline nodes
\end{itemize}
} \end{minipage}
\hspace{1em}
\end{frame}
\begin{frame}
\frametitle{Why avoid consensus?}
Consensus can be implemented reasonably well in practice, so why avoid it?
\vspace{2em}
\begin{itemize}
\item \textbf{Software complexity:} RAFT and PAXOS are complex beasts;\\
harder to prove, harder to reason about
\vspace{1.5em}
\item \textbf{Performance issues:}
\vspace{1em}
\begin{itemize}
\item Taking a decision may take an \textbf{arbitrary number of steps} (in adverse scenarios)
\vspace{1em}
\item The leader is a \textbf{bottleneck} for all requests;\\
even in leaderless approaches, \textbf{all nodes must process all operations in order}
\vspace{1em}
\item Particularly \textbf{sensitive to higher latency} between nodes
\end{itemize}
\end{itemize}
\end{frame}
\begin{frame}
\frametitle{Objective: the right level of consistency for Garage}
\underline{Constraints:} slow network (geographical distance), node unavailability/crashes\\
\underline{Objective:} maximize availability, maintain an \emph{appropriate level of consistency}\\
\vspace{1em}
\begin{enumerate}
\item<2-> \textbf{Weak consistency for most things}\\
\vspace{1em}
\underline{Example:} \texttt{PutObject}\\
\vspace{.5em}
If two clients write the same
object at the same time, one of the two is implicitly overwritten.
No need to coordinate, use a \emph{last-writer-wins register}.
\vspace{1em}
\item<3-> \textbf{Stronger consistency only when necessary}\\
\vspace{1em}
\underline{Example:} \texttt{CreateBucket}\\
\vspace{.5em}
A bucket is a reserved name in a shared namespace,
two clients should be prevented from both creating the same bucket
(\emph{mutual exclusion}).
\end{enumerate}
\end{frame}
\begin{frame}
\frametitle{The possibility of \emph{leaderless consensus}}
Currently, Garage \emph{only has weak consistency}. Is fast, but \texttt{CreateBucket} is broken!
\visible<2->{
\vspace{1em}
Leaderless consensus (Antoniadis et al., 2023) alleviates issues with RAFT and PAXOS:
\vspace{1em}
\begin{itemize}
\item \textbf{No leader.} All nodes participate equally at each time step,
and different nodes can be unavailable at different times without issues.
\\ \vspace{.5em} $\to$ better tolerance to the high latency (remove bottleneck issue)
\\ $\to$ tolerates crash transparently
\vspace{1em}
\item \textbf{Simpler formalization.} The algorithm is very simple to express and to analyze in mathematical terms.
\end{itemize}
}
\visible<3->{
\vspace{1em}
One of the possible subjects for this PhD:
\\$\to$ \emph{integration of leaderless consensus in Garage} + testing + perf eval, etc.
}
\end{frame}
\begin{frame}
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[width=.25\linewidth]{../../logo/garage_hires.png}\\
\vspace{-1em}
\url{https://garagehq.deuxfleurs.fr/}\\
\url{mailto:garagehq@deuxfleurs.fr}\\
\texttt{\#garage:deuxfleurs.fr} on Matrix
\vspace{1.5em}
\includegraphics[width=.06\linewidth]{../assets/rust_logo.png}
\includegraphics[width=.13\linewidth]{../assets/AGPLv3_Logo.png}
\end{center}
\end{frame}
\end{document}
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../assets/lattice/lattice7.pdf_tex \
../assets/lattice/lattice8.pdf_tex \
../assets/logos/deuxfleurs.pdf \
../assets/timeline-22-24.pdf
talk.pdf: talk.tex $(ASSETS)
pdflatex talk.tex
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\nonstopmode
\documentclass[aspectratio=169,xcolor={svgnames}]{beamer}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
% \usepackage[frenchb]{babel}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{mathtools}
\usepackage{breqn}
\usepackage{multirow}
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\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{import}
\usepackage{adjustbox}
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%\useoutertheme[footline=authortitle,subsection=false]{miniframes}
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\setbeamertemplate{itemize item}{\color{ListOrange}$\blacktriangleright$}
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\usepackage{tabu}
\usepackage{multicol}
\usepackage{vwcol}
\usepackage{stmaryrd}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage[normalem]{ulem}
\AtBeginSection[]{
\begin{frame}
\vfill
\centering
\begin{beamercolorbox}[sep=8pt,center,shadow=true,rounded=true]{title}
\usebeamerfont{title}\insertsectionhead\par%
\end{beamercolorbox}
\vfill
\end{frame}
}
\title{Garage, the low-tech storage platform for geo-distributed clusters}
\author{Alex Auvolat, Deuxfleurs}
\date{FOSDEM'24, 2024-02-03}
\begin{document}
\begin{frame}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=.3\linewidth]{../../sticker/Garage.png}
\vspace{1em}
{\large\bf Alex Auvolat, Deuxfleurs Association}
\vspace{1em}
\url{https://garagehq.deuxfleurs.fr/}
Matrix channel: \texttt{\#garage:deuxfleurs.fr}
\end{frame}
\begin{frame}
\frametitle{Who I am}
\begin{columns}[t]
\begin{column}{.2\textwidth}
\centering
\adjincludegraphics[width=.4\linewidth, valign=t]{../assets/alex.jpg}
\end{column}
\begin{column}{.6\textwidth}
\textbf{Alex Auvolat}\\
PhD; co-founder of Deuxfleurs
\end{column}
\begin{column}{.2\textwidth}
~
\end{column}
\end{columns}
\vspace{2em}
\begin{columns}[t]
\begin{column}{.2\textwidth}
\centering
\adjincludegraphics[width=.5\linewidth, valign=t]{../assets/logos/deuxfleurs.pdf}
\end{column}
\begin{column}{.6\textwidth}
\textbf{Deuxfleurs}\\
A non-profit self-hosting collective,\\
member of the CHATONS network
\end{column}
\begin{column}{.2\textwidth}
\centering
\adjincludegraphics[width=.7\linewidth, valign=t]{../assets/logos/logo_chatons.png}
\end{column}
\end{columns}
\end{frame}
\begin{frame}
\frametitle{Our objective at Deuxfleurs}
\begin{center}
\textbf{Promote self-hosting and small-scale hosting\\
as an alternative to large cloud providers}
\end{center}
\vspace{2em}
\visible<2->{
Why is it hard?
}
\visible<3->{
\vspace{2em}
\begin{center}
\textbf{\underline{Resilience}}\\
{\footnotesize we want good uptime/availability with low supervision}
\end{center}
}
\end{frame}
\begin{frame}
\frametitle{Building a resilient system with cheap stuff}
\only<1,4-7>{
\begin{itemize}
\item \textcolor<5->{gray}{Commodity hardware (e.g. old desktop PCs)\\
\vspace{.5em}
\visible<4->{{\footnotesize (can die at any time)}}}
\vspace{1.5em}
\item<5-> \textcolor<7->{gray}{Regular Internet (e.g. FTTB, FTTH) and power grid connections\\
\vspace{.5em}
\visible<6->{{\footnotesize (can be unavailable randomly)}}}
\vspace{1.5em}
\item<7-> \textbf{Geographical redundancy} (multi-site replication)
\end{itemize}
}
\only<2>{
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[width=.8\linewidth]{../assets/neptune.jpg}
\end{center}
}
\only<3>{
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[width=.8\linewidth]{../assets/atuin.jpg}
\end{center}
}
\only<8>{
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[width=.8\linewidth]{../assets/inframap_jdll2023.pdf}
\end{center}
}
\end{frame}
\begin{frame}
\frametitle{Object storage: a crucial component}
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[height=6em]{../assets/logos/Amazon-S3.jpg}
\hspace{3em}
\visible<2->{\includegraphics[height=5em]{../assets/logos/minio.png}}
\hspace{3em}
\visible<3>{\includegraphics[height=6em]{../../logo/garage_hires_crop.png}}
\end{center}
\vspace{1em}
S3: a de-facto standard, many compatible applications
\vspace{1em}
\visible<2->{MinIO is self-hostable but not suited for geo-distributed deployments}
\vspace{1em}
\visible<3->{\textbf{Garage is a self-hosted drop-in replacement for the Amazon S3 object store}}
\end{frame}
\begin{frame}
\frametitle{CRDTs / weak consistency instead of consensus}
\underline{Internally, Garage uses only CRDTs} (conflict-free replicated data types)
\vspace{2em}
Why not Raft, Paxos, ...? Issues of consensus algorithms:
\vspace{1em}
\begin{itemize}
\item<2-> \textbf{Software complexity}
\vspace{1em}
\item<3-> \textbf{Performance issues:}
\vspace{.5em}
\begin{itemize}
\item<4-> The leader is a \textbf{bottleneck} for all requests\\
\vspace{.5em}
\item<5-> \textbf{Sensitive to higher latency} between nodes
\vspace{.5em}
\item<6-> \textbf{Takes time to reconverge} when disrupted (e.g. node going down)
\end{itemize}
\end{itemize}
\end{frame}
\begin{frame}
\frametitle{The data model of object storage}
Object storage is basically a \textbf{key-value store}:
\vspace{.5em}
{\scriptsize
\begin{center}
\begin{tabular}{|l|p{7cm}|}
\hline
\textbf{Key: file path + name} & \textbf{Value: file data + metadata} \\
\hline
\hline
\texttt{index.html} &
\texttt{Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8} \newline
\texttt{Content-Length: 24929} \newline
\texttt{<binary blob>} \\
\hline
\texttt{img/logo.svg} &
\texttt{Content-Type: text/svg+xml} \newline
\texttt{Content-Length: 13429} \newline
\texttt{<binary blob>} \\
\hline
\texttt{download/index.html} &
\texttt{Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8} \newline
\texttt{Content-Length: 26563} \newline
\texttt{<binary blob>} \\
\hline
\end{tabular}
\end{center}
}
\vspace{1em}
\begin{itemize}
\item<2> Maps well to CRDT data types
\end{itemize}
\end{frame}
\begin{frame}
\frametitle{Performance gains in practice}
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[width=.8\linewidth]{../assets/perf/endpoint_latency_0.7_0.8_minio.png}
\end{center}
\end{frame}
% ======================================== TIMELINE
% ======================================== TIMELINE
% ======================================== TIMELINE
\section{Recent developments}
% ====================== v0.7.0 ===============================
\begin{frame}
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[width=.8\linewidth]{../assets/timeline-22-24.pdf}
\end{center}
\end{frame}
\begin{frame}
\frametitle{April 2022 - Garage v0.7.0}
Focus on \underline{observability and ecosystem integration}
\vspace{2em}
\begin{itemize}
\item \textbf{Monitoring:} metrics and traces, using OpenTelemetry
\vspace{1em}
\item Replication modes with 1 or 2 copies / weaker consistency
\vspace{1em}
\item Kubernetes integration for node discovery
\vspace{1em}
\item Admin API (v0.7.2)
\end{itemize}
\end{frame}
\begin{frame}
\frametitle{Metrics (Prometheus + Grafana)}
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[width=.9\linewidth]{../assets/screenshots/grafana_dashboard.png}
\end{center}
\end{frame}
\begin{frame}
\frametitle{Traces (Jaeger)}
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[width=.8\linewidth]{../assets/screenshots/jaeger_listobjects.png}
\end{center}
\end{frame}
% ====================== v0.8.0 ===============================
\begin{frame}
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[width=.8\linewidth]{../assets/timeline-22-24.pdf}
\end{center}
\end{frame}
\begin{frame}
\frametitle{November 2022 - Garage v0.8.0}
Focus on \underline{performance}
\vspace{2em}
\begin{itemize}
\item \textbf{Alternative metadata DB engines} (LMDB, Sqlite)
\vspace{1em}
\item \textbf{Performance improvements:} block streaming, various optimizations...
\vspace{1em}
\item Bucket quotas (max size, max \#objects)
\vspace{1em}
\item Quality of life improvements, observability, etc.
\end{itemize}
\end{frame}
\begin{frame}
\frametitle{About metadata DB engines}
\textbf{Issues with Sled:}
\vspace{1em}
\begin{itemize}
\item Huge files on disk
\vspace{.5em}
\item Unpredictable performance, especially on HDD
\vspace{.5em}
\item API limitations
\vspace{.5em}
\item Not actively maintained
\end{itemize}
\vspace{2em}
\textbf{LMDB:} very stable, good performance, file size is reasonable\\
\textbf{Sqlite} also available as a second choice
\vspace{1em}
Sled will be removed in Garage v1.0
\end{frame}
\begin{frame}
\frametitle{DB engine performance comparison}
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[width=.6\linewidth]{../assets/perf/db_engine.png}
\end{center}
NB: Sqlite was slow due to synchronous mode, now configurable
\end{frame}
\begin{frame}
\frametitle{Block streaming}
\begin{center}
\only<1>{\includegraphics[width=.8\linewidth]{../assets/schema-streaming-1.png}}
\only<2>{\includegraphics[width=.8\linewidth]{../assets/schema-streaming-2.png}}
\end{center}
\end{frame}
\begin{frame}
\frametitle{TTFB benchmark}
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[width=.8\linewidth]{../assets/perf/ttfb.png}
\end{center}
\end{frame}
\begin{frame}
\frametitle{Throughput benchmark}
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[width=.7\linewidth]{../assets/perf/io-0.7-0.8-minio.png}
\end{center}
\end{frame}
% ====================== v0.9.0 ===============================
\begin{frame}
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[width=.8\linewidth]{../assets/timeline-22-24.pdf}
\end{center}
\end{frame}
\begin{frame}
\frametitle{October 2023 - Garage v0.9.0}
Focus on \underline{streamlining \& usability}
\vspace{2em}
\begin{itemize}
\item Support multiple HDDs per node
\vspace{1em}
\item S3 compatibility:
\vspace{1em}
\begin{itemize}
\item support basic lifecycle configurations
\vspace{.5em}
\item allow for multipart upload part retries
\end{itemize}
\vspace{1em}
\item LMDB by default, deprecation of Sled
\vspace{1em}
\item New layout computation algorithm
\end{itemize}
\end{frame}
\begin{frame}
\frametitle{Layout computation}
\begin{overprint}
\onslide<1>
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[width=\linewidth, trim=0 0 0 -4cm]{../assets/screenshots/garage_status_0.9_prod_zonehl.png}
\end{center}
\onslide<2>
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[width=.7\linewidth]{../assets/map.png}
\end{center}
\end{overprint}
\vspace{1em}
Garage stores replicas on different zones when possible
\end{frame}
\begin{frame}
\frametitle{What a "layout" is}
\textbf{A layout is a precomputed index table:}
\vspace{1em}
{\footnotesize
\begin{center}
\begin{tabular}{|l|l|l|l|}
\hline
\textbf{Partition} & \textbf{Node 1} & \textbf{Node 2} & \textbf{Node 3} \\
\hline
\hline
Partition 0 & df-ymk (bespin) & Abricot (scorpio) & Courgette (neptune) \\
\hline
Partition 1 & Ananas (scorpio) & Courgette (neptune) & df-ykl (bespin) \\
\hline
Partition 2 & df-ymf (bespin) & Celeri (neptune) & Abricot (scorpio) \\
\hline
\hspace{1em}$\vdots$ & \hspace{1em}$\vdots$ & \hspace{1em}$\vdots$ & \hspace{1em}$\vdots$ \\
\hline
Partition 255 & Concombre (neptune) & df-ykl (bespin) & Abricot (scorpio) \\
\hline
\end{tabular}
\end{center}
}
\vspace{2em}
\visible<2->{
The index table is built centrally using an optimal algorithm,\\
then propagated to all nodes
}
\vspace{1em}
\visible<3->{
\footnotesize
Oulamara, M., \& Auvolat, A. (2023). \emph{An algorithm for geo-distributed and redundant storage in Garage}.\\ arXiv preprint arXiv:2302.13798.
}
\end{frame}
% ====================== v0.10.0 ===============================
\begin{frame}
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[width=.8\linewidth]{../assets/timeline-22-24.pdf}
\end{center}
\end{frame}
\begin{frame}
\frametitle{October 2023 - Garage v0.10.0 beta}
Focus on \underline{consistency}
\vspace{2em}
\begin{itemize}
\item Fix consistency issues when reshuffling data
\end{itemize}
\end{frame}
\begin{frame}
\frametitle{Working with weak consistency}
Not using consensus limits us to the following:
\vspace{2em}
\begin{itemize}
\item<2-> \textbf{Conflict-free replicated data types} (CRDT)\\
\vspace{1em}
{\footnotesize Non-transactional key-value stores such as S3 are equivalent to a simple CRDT:\\
a map of \textbf{last-writer-wins registers} (each key is its own CRDT)}
\vspace{1.5em}
\item<3-> \textbf{Read-after-write consistency}\\
\vspace{1em}
{\footnotesize Can be implemented using quorums on read and write operations}
\end{itemize}
\end{frame}
\begin{frame}[t]
\frametitle{CRDT read-after-write consistency using quorums}
\vspace{1em}
{\small
\textbf{Property:} If client 1 did an operation $write(x)$ and received an OK response,\\
\hspace{2cm} and client 2 starts an operation $read()$ after client 1 received OK,\\
\hspace{2cm} then client 2 will read a value $x' \sqsupseteq x$.
}
\vspace{1.5em}
\begin{overprint}
\onslide<2-9>
\begin{figure}
\centering
\footnotesize
\def\svgwidth{.7\textwidth}
\only<2>{\import{../assets/lattice/}{lattice1.pdf_tex}}%
\only<3>{\import{../assets/lattice/}{lattice2.pdf_tex}}%
\only<4>{\import{../assets/lattice/}{lattice3.pdf_tex}}%
\only<5>{\import{../assets/lattice/}{lattice4.pdf_tex}}%
\only<6>{\import{../assets/lattice/}{lattice5.pdf_tex}}%
\only<7>{\import{../assets/lattice/}{lattice6.pdf_tex}}%
\only<8>{\import{../assets/lattice/}{lattice7.pdf_tex}}%
\only<9>{\import{../assets/lattice/}{lattice8.pdf_tex}}%
\end{figure}
\onslide<10>
\begin{minipage}{.10\textwidth}
~
\end{minipage}
\begin{minipage}{.40\textwidth}
\footnotesize
\textbf{Algorithm $write(x)$:}
\begin{enumerate}
\item Broadcast $write(x)$ to all nodes
\item Wait for $k > n/2$ nodes to reply OK
\item Return OK
\end{enumerate}
\end{minipage}
\begin{minipage}{.40\textwidth}
\footnotesize
\vspace{1em}
\textbf{Algorithm $read()$:}
\begin{enumerate}
\item Broadcast $read()$ to all nodes
\item Wait for $k > n/2$ nodes to reply\\
with values $x_1, \dots, x_k$
\item Return $x_1 \sqcup \dots \sqcup x_k$
\end{enumerate}
\end{minipage}
\end{overprint}
\end{frame}
\begin{frame}
\frametitle{A hard problem: layout changes}
\begin{itemize}
\item We rely on quorums $k > n/2$ within each partition:\\
$$n=3,~~~~~~~k\ge 2$$
\item<2-> When rebalancing, the set of nodes responsible for a partition can change:\\
\vspace{1em}
\begin{minipage}{.04\linewidth}~
\end{minipage}
\begin{minipage}{.40\linewidth}
{\tiny
\begin{tabular}{|l|l|l|l|}
\hline
\textbf{Partition} & \textbf{Node 1} & \textbf{Node 2} & \textbf{Node 3} \\
\hline
\hline
Partition 0 & \textcolor{Crimson}{df-ymk} & Abricot & \textcolor{Crimson}{Courgette} \\
\hline
Partition 1 & Ananas & \textcolor{Crimson}{Courgette} & \textcolor{Crimson}{df-ykl} \\
\hline
Partition 2 & \textcolor{Crimson}{df-ymf} & \textcolor{Crimson}{Celeri} & Abricot \\
\hline
\hspace{1em}$\dots$ & \hspace{1em}$\dots$ & \hspace{1em}$\dots$ & \hspace{1em}$\dots$ \\
\hline
\end{tabular}
}
\end{minipage}
\begin{minipage}{.04\linewidth}
$\to$
\end{minipage}
\begin{minipage}{.40\linewidth}
{\tiny
\begin{tabular}{|l|l|l|l|}
\hline
\textbf{Partition} & \textbf{Node 1} & \textbf{Node 2} & \textbf{Node 3} \\
\hline
\hline
Partition 0 & \textcolor{ForestGreen}{Dahlia} & Abricot & \textcolor{ForestGreen}{Eucalyptus} \\
\hline
Partition 1 & Ananas & \textcolor{ForestGreen}{Euphorbe} & \textcolor{ForestGreen}{Doradille} \\
\hline
Partition 2 & \textcolor{ForestGreen}{Dahlia} & \textcolor{ForestGreen}{Echinops} & Abricot \\
\hline
\hspace{1em}$\dots$ & \hspace{1em}$\dots$ & \hspace{1em}$\dots$ & \hspace{1em}$\dots$ \\
\hline
\end{tabular}
}
\end{minipage}
\vspace{2em}
\item<3-> During the rebalancing, new nodes don't yet have the data,\\
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~and old nodes want to get rid of the data to free up space\\
\vspace{1.2em}
$\to$ risk of inconsistency, \textbf{how to coordinate?}
\end{itemize}
\end{frame}
\begin{frame}
\frametitle{Handling layout changes without losing consistency}
\begin{minipage}{.55\textwidth}
\begin{itemize}
\item \textbf{Solution:}\\
\vspace{.5em}
\begin{itemize}
\item keep track of data transfer to new nodes
\vspace{.5em}
\item use multiple write quorums\\
(new nodes + old nodes\\
while data transfer is in progress)
\vspace{.5em}
\item switching reads to new nodes\\
only once copy is finished
\end{itemize}
\vspace{1em}
\item \textbf{Implemented} in v0.10
\vspace{1em}
\item \textbf{Validated} with Jepsen testing
\end{itemize}
\end{minipage}
\begin{minipage}{.23\textwidth}
\includegraphics[width=3cm]{../assets/jepsen-0.9.png}\\
{\footnotesize Garage v0.9.0}
\end{minipage}
\begin{minipage}{.2\textwidth}
\includegraphics[width=3cm]{../assets/jepsen-0.10.png}\\
{\footnotesize Garage v0.10 beta}
\end{minipage}
\end{frame}
% ====================== v0.10.0 ===============================
\begin{frame}
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[width=.8\linewidth]{../assets/timeline-22-24.pdf}
\end{center}
\end{frame}
\begin{frame}
\frametitle{Towards v1.0...}
Focus on \underline{security \& stability}
\vspace{2em}
\begin{itemize}
\item \textbf{Security audit} in progress by Radically Open Security
\vspace{1em}
\item Misc. S3 features (SSE-C, ...) and compatibility fixes
\vspace{1em}
\item Improve UX
\vspace{1em}
\item Fix bugs
\end{itemize}
\end{frame}
\begin{frame}
\frametitle{...and beyond!}
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[width=.6\linewidth]{../assets/survey_requested_features.png}
\end{center}
\end{frame}
% ======================================== OPERATING
% ======================================== OPERATING
% ======================================== OPERATING
\section{Operating big Garage clusters}
\begin{frame}
\frametitle{Operating Garage}
\begin{center}
\only<1-2>{
\includegraphics[width=.9\linewidth]{../assets/screenshots/garage_status_0.10.png}
\\\vspace{1em}
\visible<2>{\includegraphics[width=.9\linewidth]{../assets/screenshots/garage_status_unhealthy_0.10.png}}
}
\end{center}
\end{frame}
\begin{frame}
\frametitle{Garage's architecture}
\begin{center}
\only<1>{\includegraphics[width=.45\linewidth]{../assets/garage.drawio.pdf}}%
\only<2>{\includegraphics[width=.6\linewidth]{../assets/garage_sync.drawio.pdf}}%
\end{center}
\end{frame}
\begin{frame}
\frametitle{Digging deeper}
\begin{center}
\only<1>{\includegraphics[width=.9\linewidth]{../assets/screenshots/garage_stats_0.10.png}}
\only<2>{\includegraphics[width=.5\linewidth]{../assets/screenshots/garage_worker_list_0.10.png}}
\only<3>{\includegraphics[width=.6\linewidth]{../assets/screenshots/garage_worker_param_0.10.png}}
\end{center}
\end{frame}
\begin{frame}
\frametitle{Potential limitations and bottlenecks}
\begin{itemize}
\item Global:
\begin{itemize}
\item Max. $\sim$100 nodes per cluster (excluding gateways)
\end{itemize}
\vspace{1em}
\item Metadata:
\begin{itemize}
\item One big bucket = bottleneck, object list on 3 nodes only
\end{itemize}
\vspace{1em}
\item Block manager:
\begin{itemize}
\item Lots of small files on disk
\item Processing the resync queue can be slow
\end{itemize}
\end{itemize}
\end{frame}
\begin{frame}
\frametitle{Deployment advice for very large clusters}
\begin{itemize}
\item Metadata storage:
\begin{itemize}
\item ZFS mirror (x2) on fast NVMe
\item Use LMDB storage engine
\end{itemize}
\vspace{.5em}
\item Data block storage:
\begin{itemize}
\item Use Garage's native multi-HDD support
\item XFS on individual drives
\item Increase block size (1MB $\to$ 10MB, requires more RAM and good networking)
\item Tune \texttt{resync-tranquility} and \texttt{resync-worker-count} dynamically
\end{itemize}
\vspace{.5em}
\item Other :
\begin{itemize}
\item Split data over several buckets
\item Use less than 100 storage nodes
\item Use gateway nodes
\end{itemize}
\vspace{.5em}
\end{itemize}
Our deployments: $< 10$ TB. Some people have done more!
\end{frame}
% ======================================== END
% ======================================== END
% ======================================== END
\begin{frame}
\frametitle{Where to find us}
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[width=.25\linewidth]{../../logo/garage_hires.png}\\
\vspace{-1em}
\url{https://garagehq.deuxfleurs.fr/}\\
\url{mailto:garagehq@deuxfleurs.fr}\\
\texttt{\#garage:deuxfleurs.fr} on Matrix
\vspace{1.5em}
\includegraphics[width=.06\linewidth]{../assets/logos/rust_logo.png}
\includegraphics[width=.13\linewidth]{../assets/logos/AGPLv3_Logo.png}
\end{center}
\end{frame}
\end{document}
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*
!*.txt
!*.md
!assets
!.gitignore
!*.svg
!*.png
!*.jpg
!*.tex
!Makefile
!.gitignore
!assets/*.drawio.pdf
!talk.pdf

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@ -1,10 +0,0 @@
ASSETS=../assets/logos/deuxfleurs.pdf
talk.pdf: talk.tex $(ASSETS)
pdflatex talk.tex
%.pdf: %.svg
inkscape -D -z --file=$^ --export-pdf=$@
%.pdf_tex: %.svg
inkscape -D -z --file=$^ --export-pdf=$@ --export-latex

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@ -1,543 +0,0 @@
\nonstopmode
\documentclass[aspectratio=169,xcolor={svgnames}]{beamer}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
% \usepackage[frenchb]{babel}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{mathtools}
\usepackage{breqn}
\usepackage{multirow}
\usetheme{boxes}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{import}
\usepackage{adjustbox}
\usepackage[absolute,overlay]{textpos}
%\useoutertheme[footline=authortitle,subsection=false]{miniframes}
%\useoutertheme[footline=authorinstitute,subsection=false]{miniframes}
\useoutertheme{infolines}
\setbeamertemplate{headline}{}
\beamertemplatenavigationsymbolsempty
\definecolor{TitleOrange}{RGB}{255,137,0}
\setbeamercolor{title}{fg=TitleOrange}
\setbeamercolor{frametitle}{fg=TitleOrange}
\definecolor{ListOrange}{RGB}{255,145,5}
\setbeamertemplate{itemize item}{\color{ListOrange}$\blacktriangleright$}
\definecolor{verygrey}{RGB}{70,70,70}
\setbeamercolor{normal text}{fg=verygrey}
\usepackage{tabu}
\usepackage{multicol}
\usepackage{vwcol}
\usepackage{stmaryrd}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage[normalem]{ulem}
\AtBeginSection[]{
\begin{frame}
\vfill
\centering
\begin{beamercolorbox}[sep=8pt,center,shadow=true,rounded=true]{title}
\usebeamerfont{title}\insertsectionhead\par%
\end{beamercolorbox}
\vfill
\end{frame}
}
\title{Garage}
\author{Alex Auvolat, Deuxfleurs}
\date{Capitoul, 2024-02-29}
\begin{document}
\begin{frame}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=.3\linewidth]{../../sticker/Garage.png}
\vspace{1em}
{\large\bf Alex Auvolat, Deuxfleurs Association}
\vspace{1em}
\url{https://garagehq.deuxfleurs.fr/}
Matrix channel: \texttt{\#garage:deuxfleurs.fr}
\end{frame}
\begin{frame}
\frametitle{Who I am}
\begin{columns}[t]
\begin{column}{.2\textwidth}
\centering
\adjincludegraphics[width=.4\linewidth, valign=t]{../assets/alex.jpg}
\end{column}
\begin{column}{.6\textwidth}
\textbf{Alex Auvolat}\\
PhD; co-founder of Deuxfleurs
\end{column}
\begin{column}{.2\textwidth}
~
\end{column}
\end{columns}
\vspace{2em}
\begin{columns}[t]
\begin{column}{.2\textwidth}
\centering
\adjincludegraphics[width=.5\linewidth, valign=t]{../assets/logos/deuxfleurs.pdf}
\end{column}
\begin{column}{.6\textwidth}
\textbf{Deuxfleurs}\\
A non-profit self-hosting collective,\\
member of the CHATONS network
\end{column}
\begin{column}{.2\textwidth}
\centering
\adjincludegraphics[width=.7\linewidth, valign=t]{../assets/logos/logo_chatons.png}
\end{column}
\end{columns}
\end{frame}
\begin{frame}
\frametitle{Our objective at Deuxfleurs}
\begin{center}
\textbf{Promote self-hosting and small-scale hosting\\
as an alternative to large cloud providers}
\end{center}
\vspace{2em}
\visible<2->{
Why is it hard?
\vspace{2em}
\begin{center}
\textbf{\underline{Resilience}}\\
{\footnotesize we want good uptime/availability with low supervision}
\end{center}
}
\end{frame}
\begin{frame}
\frametitle{Our very low-tech infrastructure}
\only<1,3-6>{
\begin{itemize}
\item \textcolor<4->{gray}{Commodity hardware (e.g. old desktop PCs)\\
\vspace{.5em}
\visible<3->{{\footnotesize (can die at any time)}}}
\vspace{1.5em}
\item<4-> \textcolor<6->{gray}{Regular Internet (e.g. FTTB, FTTH) and power grid connections\\
\vspace{.5em}
\visible<5->{{\footnotesize (can be unavailable randomly)}}}
\vspace{1.5em}
\item<6-> \textbf{Geographical redundancy} (multi-site replication)
\end{itemize}
}
\only<2>{
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[width=.8\linewidth]{../assets/neptune.jpg}
\end{center}
}
\only<7>{
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[width=.8\linewidth]{../assets/inframap_jdll2023.pdf}
\end{center}
}
\end{frame}
\begin{frame}
\frametitle{How to make this happen}
\begin{center}
\only<1>{\includegraphics[width=.8\linewidth]{../assets/intro/slide1.png}}%
\only<2>{\includegraphics[width=.8\linewidth]{../assets/intro/slide2.png}}%
\only<3>{\includegraphics[width=.8\linewidth]{../assets/intro/slide3.png}}%
\end{center}
\end{frame}
\begin{frame}
\frametitle{Distributed file systems are slow}
File systems are complex, for example:
\vspace{1em}
\begin{itemize}
\item Concurrent modification by several processes
\vspace{1em}
\item Folder hierarchies
\vspace{1em}
\item Other requirements of the POSIX spec (e.g.~locks)
\end{itemize}
\vspace{1em}
Coordination in a distributed system is costly
\vspace{1em}
Costs explode with commodity hardware / Internet connections\\
{\small (we experienced this!)}
\end{frame}
\begin{frame}
\frametitle{A simpler solution: object storage}
Only two operations:
\vspace{1em}
\begin{itemize}
\item Put an object at a key
\vspace{1em}
\item Retrieve an object from its key
\end{itemize}
\vspace{1em}
{\footnotesize (and a few others)}
\vspace{1em}
Sufficient for many applications!
\end{frame}
\begin{frame}
\frametitle{A simpler solution: object storage}
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[height=6em]{../assets/logos/Amazon-S3.jpg}
\hspace{3em}
\visible<2->{\includegraphics[height=5em]{../assets/logos/minio.png}}
\hspace{3em}
\visible<3>{\includegraphics[height=6em]{../../logo/garage_hires_crop.png}}
\end{center}
\vspace{1em}
S3: a de-facto standard, many compatible applications
\vspace{1em}
\visible<2->{MinIO is self-hostable but not suited for geo-distributed deployments}
\vspace{1em}
\visible<3->{\textbf{Garage is a self-hosted drop-in replacement for the Amazon S3 object store}}
\end{frame}
% --------- BASED ON CRDTS ----------
\section{Principle 1: based on CRDTs}
\begin{frame}
\frametitle{CRDTs / weak consistency instead of consensus}
\underline{Internally, Garage uses only CRDTs} (conflict-free replicated data types)
\vspace{2em}
Why not Raft, Paxos, ...? Issues of consensus algorithms:
\vspace{1em}
\begin{itemize}
\item<2-> \textbf{Software complexity}
\vspace{1em}
\item<3-> \textbf{Performance issues:}
\vspace{.5em}
\begin{itemize}
\item<4-> The leader is a \textbf{bottleneck} for all requests\\
\vspace{.5em}
\item<5-> \textbf{Sensitive to higher latency} between nodes
\vspace{.5em}
\item<6-> \textbf{Takes time to reconverge} when disrupted (e.g. node going down)
\end{itemize}
\end{itemize}
\end{frame}
\begin{frame}
\frametitle{The data model of object storage}
Object storage is basically a \textbf{key-value store}:
\vspace{.5em}
{\scriptsize
\begin{center}
\begin{tabular}{|l|p{7cm}|}
\hline
\textbf{Key: file path + name} & \textbf{Value: file data + metadata} \\
\hline
\hline
\texttt{index.html} &
\texttt{Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8} \newline
\texttt{Content-Length: 24929} \newline
\texttt{<binary blob>} \\
\hline
\texttt{img/logo.svg} &
\texttt{Content-Type: text/svg+xml} \newline
\texttt{Content-Length: 13429} \newline
\texttt{<binary blob>} \\
\hline
\texttt{download/index.html} &
\texttt{Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8} \newline
\texttt{Content-Length: 26563} \newline
\texttt{<binary blob>} \\
\hline
\end{tabular}
\end{center}
}
\vspace{.5em}
\begin{itemize}
\item<2-> Maps well to CRDT data types
\item<3> Read-after-write consistency with quorums
\end{itemize}
\end{frame}
\begin{frame}
\frametitle{Performance gains in practice}
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[width=.8\linewidth]{../assets/perf/endpoint_latency_0.7_0.8_minio.png}
\end{center}
\end{frame}
% --------- GEO-DISTRIBUTED MODEL ----------
\section{Principle 2: geo-distributed data model}
\begin{frame}
\frametitle{Key-value stores, upgraded: the Dynamo model}
\textbf{Two keys:}
\begin{itemize}
\item Partition key: used to divide data into partitions {\small (a.k.a.~shards)}
\item Sort key: used to identify items inside a partition
\end{itemize}
\vspace{1em}
\begin{center}
\begin{tabular}{|l|l|p{3cm}|}
\hline
\textbf{Partition key: bucket} & \textbf{Sort key: filename} & \textbf{Value} \\
\hline
\hline
\texttt{website} & \texttt{index.html} & (file data) \\
\hline
\texttt{website} & \texttt{img/logo.svg} & (file data) \\
\hline
\texttt{website} & \texttt{download/index.html} & (file data) \\
\hline
\hline
\texttt{backup} & \texttt{borg/index.2822} & (file data) \\
\hline
\texttt{backup} & \texttt{borg/data/2/2329} & (file data) \\
\hline
\texttt{backup} & \texttt{borg/data/2/2680} & (file data) \\
\hline
\hline
\texttt{private} & \texttt{qq3a2nbe1qjq0ebbvo6ocsp6co} & (file data) \\
\hline
\end{tabular}
\end{center}
\end{frame}
\begin{frame}
\frametitle{Layout computation}
\begin{overprint}
\onslide<1>
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[width=\linewidth, trim=0 0 0 -4cm]{../assets/screenshots/garage_status_0.9_prod_zonehl.png}
\end{center}
\onslide<2>
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[width=.7\linewidth]{../assets/map.png}
\end{center}
\end{overprint}
\vspace{1em}
Garage stores replicas on different zones when possible
\end{frame}
\begin{frame}
\frametitle{What a "layout" is}
\textbf{A layout is a precomputed index table:}
\vspace{1em}
{\footnotesize
\begin{center}
\begin{tabular}{|l|l|l|l|}
\hline
\textbf{Partition} & \textbf{Node 1} & \textbf{Node 2} & \textbf{Node 3} \\
\hline
\hline
Partition 0 & df-ymk (bespin) & Abricot (scorpio) & Courgette (neptune) \\
\hline
Partition 1 & Ananas (scorpio) & Courgette (neptune) & df-ykl (bespin) \\
\hline
Partition 2 & df-ymf (bespin) & Celeri (neptune) & Abricot (scorpio) \\
\hline
\hspace{1em}$\vdots$ & \hspace{1em}$\vdots$ & \hspace{1em}$\vdots$ & \hspace{1em}$\vdots$ \\
\hline
Partition 255 & Concombre (neptune) & df-ykl (bespin) & Abricot (scorpio) \\
\hline
\end{tabular}
\end{center}
}
\vspace{2em}
\visible<2->{
The index table is built centrally using an optimal algorithm,\\
then propagated to all nodes
}
\vspace{1em}
\visible<3->{
\footnotesize
Oulamara, M., \& Auvolat, A. (2023). \emph{An algorithm for geo-distributed and redundant storage in Garage}.\\ arXiv preprint arXiv:2302.13798.
}
\end{frame}
\begin{frame}
\frametitle{The relationship between \emph{partition} and \emph{partition key}}
\begin{center}
\begin{tabular}{|l|l|l|l|}
\hline
\textbf{Partition key} & \textbf{Partition} & \textbf{Sort key} & \textbf{Value} \\
\hline
\hline
\texttt{website} & Partition 12 & \texttt{index.html} & (file data) \\
\hline
\texttt{website} & Partition 12 & \texttt{img/logo.svg} & (file data) \\
\hline
\texttt{website} & Partition 12 &\texttt{download/index.html} & (file data) \\
\hline
\hline
\texttt{backup} & Partition 42 & \texttt{borg/index.2822} & (file data) \\
\hline
\texttt{backup} & Partition 42 & \texttt{borg/data/2/2329} & (file data) \\
\hline
\texttt{backup} & Partition 42 & \texttt{borg/data/2/2680} & (file data) \\
\hline
\hline
\texttt{private} & Partition 42 & \texttt{qq3a2nbe1qjq0ebbvo6ocsp6co} & (file data) \\
\hline
\end{tabular}
\end{center}
\vspace{1em}
\textbf{To read or write an item:} hash partition key
\\ \hspace{5cm} $\to$ determine partition number (first 8 bits)
\\ \hspace{5cm} $\to$ find associated nodes
\end{frame}
\begin{frame}
\frametitle{Garage's internal data structures}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=.75\columnwidth]{../assets/garage_tables.pdf}
\end{frame}
% ---------- OPERATING GARAGE ---------
\section{Operating Garage clusters}
\begin{frame}
\frametitle{Operating Garage}
\begin{center}
\only<1-2>{
\includegraphics[width=.9\linewidth]{../assets/screenshots/garage_status_0.10.png}
\\\vspace{1em}
\visible<2>{\includegraphics[width=.9\linewidth]{../assets/screenshots/garage_status_unhealthy_0.10.png}}
}
\end{center}
\end{frame}
\begin{frame}
\frametitle{Background synchronization}
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[width=.6\linewidth]{../assets/garage_sync.drawio.pdf}
\end{center}
\end{frame}
\begin{frame}
\frametitle{Digging deeper}
\begin{center}
\only<1>{\includegraphics[width=.9\linewidth]{../assets/screenshots/garage_stats_0.10.png}}
\only<2>{\includegraphics[width=.5\linewidth]{../assets/screenshots/garage_worker_list_0.10.png}}
\only<3>{\includegraphics[width=.6\linewidth]{../assets/screenshots/garage_worker_param_0.10.png}}
\end{center}
\end{frame}
\begin{frame}
\frametitle{Monitoring with Prometheus + Grafana}
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[width=.9\linewidth]{../assets/screenshots/grafana_dashboard.png}
\end{center}
\end{frame}
\begin{frame}
\frametitle{Debugging with traces}
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[width=.8\linewidth]{../assets/screenshots/jaeger_listobjects.png}
\end{center}
\end{frame}
% ---------- SCALING GARAGE ---------
\section{Scaling Garage clusters}
\begin{frame}
\frametitle{Potential limitations and bottlenecks}
\begin{itemize}
\item Global:
\begin{itemize}
\item Max. $\sim$100 nodes per cluster (excluding gateways)
\end{itemize}
\vspace{1em}
\item Metadata:
\begin{itemize}
\item One big bucket = bottleneck, object list on 3 nodes only
\end{itemize}
\vspace{1em}
\item Block manager:
\begin{itemize}
\item Lots of small files on disk
\item Processing the resync queue can be slow
\end{itemize}
\end{itemize}
\end{frame}
\begin{frame}
\frametitle{Deployment advice for very large clusters}
\begin{itemize}
\item Metadata storage:
\begin{itemize}
\item ZFS mirror (x2) on fast NVMe
\item Use LMDB storage engine
\end{itemize}
\vspace{.5em}
\item Data block storage:
\begin{itemize}
\item Use Garage's native multi-HDD support
\item XFS on individual drives
\item Increase block size (1MB $\to$ 10MB, requires more RAM and good networking)
\item Tune \texttt{resync-tranquility} and \texttt{resync-worker-count} dynamically
\end{itemize}
\vspace{.5em}
\item Other :
\begin{itemize}
\item Split data over several buckets
\item Use less than 100 storage nodes
\item Use gateway nodes
\end{itemize}
\vspace{.5em}
\end{itemize}
Our deployments: $< 10$ TB. Some people have done more!
\end{frame}
% ======================================== END
% ======================================== END
% ======================================== END
\begin{frame}
\frametitle{Where to find us}
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[width=.25\linewidth]{../../logo/garage_hires.png}\\
\vspace{-1em}
\url{https://garagehq.deuxfleurs.fr/}\\
\url{mailto:garagehq@deuxfleurs.fr}\\
\texttt{\#garage:deuxfleurs.fr} on Matrix
\vspace{1.5em}
\includegraphics[width=.06\linewidth]{../assets/logos/rust_logo.png}
\includegraphics[width=.13\linewidth]{../assets/logos/AGPLv3_Logo.png}
\end{center}
\end{frame}
\end{document}
%% vim: set ts=4 sw=4 tw=0 noet spelllang=en :

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Before

Width:  |  Height:  |  Size: 18 KiB

View file

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Before

Width:  |  Height:  |  Size: 19 KiB

View file

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sodipodi:role="line"
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Before

Width:  |  Height:  |  Size: 19 KiB

View file

@ -1,581 +0,0 @@
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sodipodi:role="line"
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style="stroke-width:0.264583;fill:#000000"
x="6.9525447"
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sodipodi:role="line"
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sodipodi:role="line"
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style="fill:#000000;stroke-width:0.264583"
x="23.457415"
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xml:space="preserve"
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sodipodi:role="line"
id="tspan3748-2"
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x="23.457415"
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xml:space="preserve"
style="font-size:8.46667px;line-height:1.25;font-family:sans-serif;fill:#999999;stroke-width:0.264583"
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id="text3750-0"><tspan
sodipodi:role="line"
id="tspan3748-6"
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style="fill:#ff0000;stroke:none;stroke-width:0.499999;stroke-dasharray:none;stop-color:#000000"
id="path3663-6-6-4"
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<text
xml:space="preserve"
style="font-size:8.46667px;line-height:1.25;font-family:sans-serif;fill:#000000;stroke-width:0.264583"
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y="73.643356"
id="text3750-7"><tspan
sodipodi:role="line"
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style="fill:#000000;stroke-width:0.264583"
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xml:space="preserve"
style="font-size:8.46667px;line-height:1.25;font-family:sans-serif;fill:#000000;stroke-width:0.264583"
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id="text4280"><tspan
sodipodi:role="line"
id="tspan4278"
style="fill:#000000;stroke-width:0.264583"
x="14.395845"
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xml:space="preserve"
style="font-size:8.46667px;line-height:1.25;font-family:sans-serif;fill:#000000;stroke-width:0.264583"
x="14.395845"
y="92.005798"
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sodipodi:role="line"
id="tspan4278-7"
style="fill:#000000;stroke-width:0.264583"
x="14.395845"
y="92.005798">return $\{\}\sqcup\{a\}=\{a\}$</tspan></text>
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sodipodi:role="line"
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Before

Width:  |  Height:  |  Size: 20 KiB

View file

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sodipodi:role="line"
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sodipodi:role="line"
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