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Blog post inroducing Garage v0.7 #6

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@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ date=2022-04-04
---
Two months ago, we were impressed by the success of our open beta launch at FOSDEM and on Hacker News: [our intial post](https://garagehq.deuxfleurs.fr/blog/2022-introducing-garage/) lead to more than 40k views in 10 days, going up to 100 views/minute.
Two months ago, we were impressed by the success of our open beta launch at FOSDEM and on Hacker News: [our initial post](https://garagehq.deuxfleurs.fr/blog/2022-introducing-garage/) lead to more than 40k views in 10 days, going up to 100 views/minute, and all requests were served by Garage without cache!
Since this event, we continued to improve Garage, and - 2 months after the initial release - we are happy to announce version 0.7.0.
But first, we would like to thank the contributors that made this new release possible: Alex, Jill, Max Audron, Maximilien, Quentin, Rune Henrisken, Steam, and trinity-1686a.
@ -26,171 +26,40 @@ Besides bugfixes, there is two new features: a better Kubernetes integration and
## Kubernetes integration
Before Garage v0.7.0, you had to deploy a Consul cluster or spawn a "coordinating" pod to deploy Garage on Kubernetes.
In this new version, Garage integrates a method to discover other peers by using Kubernetes [Custom Resources](https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/extend-kubernetes/api-extension/custom-resources/) to simplify cluster discovery.
Garage can self-apply the [Custom Resource Definition](https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/extend-kubernetes/custom-resources/custom-resource-definitions/) (CRD) to your cluster, or you can manage it manually.
Before Garage v0.7.0, you had to deploy a Consul cluster or spawn a "coordinating" pod to deploy Garage on [Kubernetes](https://kubernetes.io) (K8S).
In this new version, Garage integrates a method to discover other peers by using Kubernetes [Custom Resources](https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/extend-kubernetes/api-extension/custom-resources/) (CR) to simplify cluster discovery.
Let's see practically how it works with a minimalistic example (not secured nor suitable for production).
You can run it on [minikube](https://minikube.sigs.k8s.io) if you want a more interactive reading.
CR discovery can be quickly enabled by configuring the name of the desired service (`kubernetes_namespace`) and which namespace to look for (`kubernetes_service_name`) in your Garage config:
Start by creating a [ConfigMap](https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/configuration/configmap/) containing Garage's configuration (let's name it `config.yaml`):
```yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:
name: garage-config
namespace: default
data:
garage.toml: |-
metadata_dir = "/mnt/fast"
data_dir = "/mnt/slow"
replication_mode = "3"
rpc_bind_addr = "[::]:3901"
rpc_secret = "<secret>"
bootstrap_peers = []
kubernetes_namespace = "default"
kubernetes_service_name = "garage-daemon"
kubernetes_skip_crd = false
[s3_api]
s3_region = "garage"
api_bind_addr = "[::]:3900"
root_domain = ".s3.garage.tld"
[s3_web]
bind_addr = "[::]:3902"
root_domain = ".web.garage.tld"
index = "index.html"
```toml
kubernetes_namespace = "default"
kubernetes_service_name = "garage-daemon"
```
The 3 important parameters are `kubernetes_namespace`, `kubernetes_service_name`, and `kubernetes_skip_crd`.
Configure them according to your planned deployment.
The last one controls wether you want to create the CRD manually or allow Garage to create it automatically on startup.
In this example, we keep it to `false`, which means we allow Garage to automatically create the CRD.
Custom Resources must be defined *a priori* with [Custom Resource Definition](https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/extend-kubernetes/custom-resources/custom-resource-definitions/) (CRD).
If the CRD does not exist, Garage can create it for you. It is enabled by default but it requires some additional permissions.
If you prefer limiting accesses to your K8S cluster, you can create the resource manually and prevent Garage from automatically creating it:
Apply this configuration on your cluster:
```bash
kubectl apply -f config.yaml
```toml
kubernetes_skip_crd = true
```
Allowing Garage to create the CRD is not enough, the process must have enough permissions.
A quick unsecure way to add the permission is to create a [ClusterRoleBinding](https://kubernetes.io/docs/reference/access-authn-authz/rbac/#rolebinding-and-clusterrolebinding) to give admin rights to our local user, effectively breaking Kubernetes' security model (we name this file `admin.yml`):
If you want to try Garage on K8S, we currently only provide some basic [example files](https://git.deuxfleurs.fr/Deuxfleurs/garage/src/commit/7e1ac51b580afa8e900206e7cc49791ed0a00d94/script/k8s). These files register a [ConfigMap](https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/configuration/configmap/), a [ClusterRoleBinding](https://kubernetes.io/docs/reference/access-authn-authz/rbac/#rolebinding-and-clusterrolebinding), and a [StatefulSet](https://kubernetes.io/fr/docs/concepts/workloads/controllers/statefulset/) with a [Persistent Volumes](https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/storage/persistent-volumes/).
```yaml
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
metadata:
name: garage-admin
roleRef:
apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
kind: ClusterRole
name: cluster-admin
subjects:
- apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
kind: User
name: system:serviceaccount:default:default
```
Apply it:
```bash
kubectl apply -f admin.yaml
```
Finally, we create a [StatefulSet](https://kubernetes.io/fr/docs/concepts/workloads/controllers/statefulset/) to run our service (`service.yaml`):
```yaml
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: StatefulSet
metadata:
name: garage
spec:
selector:
matchLabels:
app: garage
serviceName: "garage"
replicas: 3
template:
metadata:
labels:
app: garage
spec:
terminationGracePeriodSeconds: 10
containers:
- name: garage
image: dxflrs/amd64_garage:v0.7.0
ports:
- containerPort: 3900
name: s3-api
- containerPort: 3902
name: web-api
volumeMounts:
- name: fast
mountPath: /mnt/fast
- name: slow
mountPath: /mnt/slow
- name: etc
mountPath: /etc/garage.toml
subPath: garage.toml
volumes:
- name: etc
configMap:
name: garage-config
volumeClaimTemplates:
- metadata:
name: fast
spec:
accessModes: [ "ReadWriteOnce" ]
resources:
requests:
storage: 100Mi
- metadata:
name: slow
spec:
accessModes: [ "ReadWriteOnce" ]
resources:
requests:
storage: 100Mi
```
Garage is a stateful program, so it needs a stable place to store its data and metadata.
This feature is provided by Kubernetes' [Persistent Volumes](https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/storage/persistent-volumes/) that can be used only from a [StatefulSet](https://kubernetes.io/fr/docs/concepts/workloads/controllers/statefulset/), hence the choice of this K8S object to deploy our service.
Kubernetes has many "drivers" for Persistent Volumes, for production uses we recommend **only** the `local` driver.
Using other drivers may lead to huge performance issues or data corruption, probably both in practice.
In the example, we are claiming 2 volumes of 100MB.
We use 2 volumes instead of 1 because Garage separates its metadata from its data.
By having 2 volumes, you can reserve a smaller capacity on a SSD for the metadata and a larger capacity on a regular HDD for the data.
Do not forget to change the reserved capacity, 100MB is only suitable for testing.
*Note how we are mounting our ConfigMap: we need to set the `subpath` property to mount only the `garage.toml` file and not the whole `/etc` folder that would prevent K8S from writing its own files
in `/etc` and fail the pod.*
You can apply this file with:
```bash
kubectl apply -f service.yaml
```
Now, you are ready to interact with your cluster, each instance must have discovered the other ones:
Once these files deployed, you will be able to interact with Garage as follow:
```bash
kubectl exec -it garage-0 --container garage -- /garage status
# ==== HEALTHY NODES ====
# ID Hostname Address Tags Zone Capacity
# e6284331c321a23c garage-0 172.17.0.5:3901 NO ROLE ASSIGNED
# 570ff9b0ed3648a7 garage-2 [::ffff:172.17.0.7]:3901 NO ROLE ASSIGNED
# e1990a2069429428 garage-1 [::ffff:172.17.0.6]:3901 NO ROLE ASSIGNED
# ID Hostname Address Tags Zone Capacity
# e628.. garage-0 172.17.0.5:3901 NO ROLE ASSIGNED
# 570f.. garage-2 172.17.0.7:3901 NO ROLE ASSIGNED
# e199.. garage-1 172.17.0.6:3901 NO ROLE ASSIGNED
```
Of course, to have a full deployment, you will probably want to deploy a [Service](https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/services-networking/service/) in front of your cluster and/or a reverse proxy.
You can then follow the [regular documentation](https://garagehq.deuxfleurs.fr/documentation/cookbook/real-world/#creating-a-cluster-layout) to complete the configuration of your cluster.
If you target a production deployment, you should avoid binding admin rights to your cluster to create Garage's CRD. You will also need to expose some [Services](https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/services-networking/service/) to make your cluster reachable. Keep also in mind that Garage is a stateful service, so you must be very careful how you handle your data in Kubernetes to not lose them. In the near future, we plan to release a proper Helm chart and write "best practises" on our documentation.
If Kubernetes is not your thing, know that we are running Garage on a Nomad+Consul cluster.
We have not documented it yet but you can get a look at [our Nomad service](https://git.deuxfleurs.fr/Deuxfleurs/infrastructure/src/commit/1e5e4af35c073d04698bb10dd4ad1330d6c62a0d/app/garage/deploy/garage.hcl).
@ -265,5 +134,8 @@ In all cases, your feedback is welcome on our Matrix channel.
## Conclusion
This is only the first iteration of the Kubernetes and OpenTelemetry into Garage, so things are still a bit rough.
We plan to polish their integration in the coming months based on our experience and your feedback.
You may also ask yourself what will be the other works we plan to conduct: stay tuned, we will release a roadmap soon!
In the mean time, we hope you will enjoy Garave v0.7!