727 lines
20 KiB
TeX
727 lines
20 KiB
TeX
\documentclass[compress]{beamer}
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\input{header}
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\title{Les grandes questions d'un hébergeur numérique communautaire et convivial}
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\author{Adrien Luxey-Bitri\\
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{\small \url{luxeylab.net}}}
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\institute{Deuxfleurs -- CHATONS -- Univ Lille -- Inria -- ÉcoInfo\\[4ex]
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\includegraphics[height=12ex]{figures/deuxfleurs-logo-with-url.pdf}\hspace{2em}%
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\includegraphics[height=12ex]{figures/logo_chatons_800px.png}\\[3ex]%
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\includegraphics[height=6ex]{figures/logo-univ-lille.png}\hspace{2em}%
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\includegraphics[height=6ex]{figures/logo-inria.pdf}\hspace{2em}%
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\includegraphics[height=6ex]{figures/logo-ecoinfo.png}\hspace{2em}%
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}
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\date{21 novembre 2024\\[2ex]
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\textit{\scriptsize CNRS CIS -- Politiques environnementales du numérique}}
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% Profondeur de la table des matières
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% \setcounter{tocdepth}{1}
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% Begin at section 0
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\setcounter{section}{-1}
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\begin{document}
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%%%%%%%%% title frame %%%%%%%%%
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\begin{frame}[plain,noframenumbering]
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\titlepage
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\end{frame}
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%%%%%%%%% TOC %%%%%%%%%
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\begin{frame}[plain,noframenumbering]{Au menu}
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\tableofcontents[hideallsubsections]
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\end{frame}
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%%%%%%%%% section %%%%%%%%%
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\section{Qui je suis}
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%%%%%%%%% frame %%%%%%%%%
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\begin{frame}[t]{Enseignant-chercheur}
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\framesubtitle{En informatique}
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\begin{columns}[t]
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\column{0.5\columnwidth}
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\textbf{\Large Chercheur}
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\vspace{2ex}
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\begin{itemize}
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\item[\textbf{16-19}] Thèse à Rennes
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\item[\textbf{20-22}] Post-doc à Lille
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\item[\textbf{22}] McF à Lille
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\end{itemize}
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\vspace{2ex}
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\textbf{Sujets}
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\begin{itemize}
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\item Systèmes distribués
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\item Vie privée
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\item Usages
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\item Environnement
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\end{itemize}
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\pause
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\column{0.5\columnwidth}
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\textbf{\Large Enseignant}
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\vspace{2ex}
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\textbf{Master Info}
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\begin{itemize}
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\item Environnement \& Société
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\item Systèmes Répartis
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\item Initiation à la Recherche
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\end{itemize}
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\vspace{2ex}
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\textbf{Licence Info}
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\begin{itemize}
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\item « Questions Vives »
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\item Réseaux
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\end{itemize}
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\vspace{2ex}
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\textbf{Suivi :} mémoires, alternances...
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\end{columns}
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% \vspace{2ex}
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% \pause
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%
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% \rule{\textwidth}{0.4pt}
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%
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% \begin{columns}
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% \column{0.5\columnwidth}
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% Je veux être un \textbf{généraliste}.
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%
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% \column{0.5\columnwidth}
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% \begin{itemize}
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% \item Le maître ignorant
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% \item Réfléchir devant les étus
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% \end{itemize}
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%
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% \end{columns}
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\end{frame}
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%%%%%%%%% frame %%%%%%%%%
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\begin{frame}{Militant}
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\framesubtitle{Pour les libertés numériques}
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\begin{adjustwidth}{-23ex}{-23ex}
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\centering
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\includegraphics[height=10ex]{figures/logo_raoull.png}\hspace{1em}%
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\includegraphics[height=10ex]{figures/logo_chatons_800px.png}\hspace{1em}%
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\includegraphics[height=10ex]{figures/logo-chtinux.pdf}\hspace{1em}%
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\includegraphics[height=10ex]{figures/deuxfleurs-logo-with-url.pdf}\hspace{1em}%
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\includegraphics[height=10ex]{figures/logo_fnf24.jpg}\hspace{1em}%
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\includegraphics[height=6ex]{figures/logo_37c3.png}\hspace{1em}%
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\end{adjustwidth}
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\vspace{6ex}
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\pause
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\Large
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\begin{columns}
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\column{0.5\columnwidth}
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\begin{itemize}
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\item Au service de ...
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\item Discuter les outils
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\end{itemize}
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\column{0.5\columnwidth}
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\begin{itemize}
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\item Logiciel libre
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\item Plaidoyer politique
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\end{itemize}
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\end{columns}
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\vspace{6ex}
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\pause
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\normalsize
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\centering
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% \begin{itemize}
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% \item J'interviens aujourd'hui en tant que \textbf{militant}
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% \item Deuxfleuristes dans l'assistance pour discussion
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% \end{itemize}
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J'interviens aujourd'hui en tant que \textbf{militant}\\[2ex]
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Deuxfleuristes dans l'assistance pour la discussion
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\end{frame}
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%%%%%%%%% section %%%%%%%%%
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\section{Planète militance numérique}
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\begin{frame}[plain,noframenumbering]
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\sectionpage
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\end{frame}
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%%%%%%%%% frame %%%%%%%%%
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\begin{frame}[t]{Les lignes de front}
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\framesubtitle{Gramsci~\cite{gramsciCahiersPrison1948} \& FNF~2024~\cite{freedomnotfearWhatsGoingYour2024}}
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\pause
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\begin{columns}[t]
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\column{0.5\columnwidth}
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\textbf{\Large La loose}
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\vspace{2ex}
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\begin{itemize}
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\item 8 décembre~\cite{laquadratureOutilsChiffrementLors2023} (FR)
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\item Vidéo-surv. algo.~\cite{laquadratureVSASurveillanceBatit2024} (FR)
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\item Données de santé (NL)
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\item Extrad. migrants (AL)
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\item Fin du cash~\cite{edriIntroducingDigitalEuro2024} (Nord UE)
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\item ChatControl~\cite{breyerTraductionDossierChat2024} (UE)
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\item Fin des subv. NGI~\cite{petitessingularitesLettrePubliqueAux2024} (UE)
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\item Extractivisme (Sud global)
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\item Prolétariat numérique (partout)
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\item ...
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\end{itemize}
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\pause
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\column{0.5\columnwidth}
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\textbf{\Large Mais aussi}
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\vspace{2ex}
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\begin{itemize}
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\item Mentalités log. libre (FR)
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\item Techno-féminisme~\cite{codingrightsMapaDosTerritorios2024} (BR)
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\item Fonds tech. souverain (DE)\\
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\url{sovereign.tech}
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\item Futur fonds tech souv. (NO)
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\item Apple nous doit 13 milliards~\cite{malingreAppleDoitRembourser2024} (UE)
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\item Un Front populaire (FR)
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\end{itemize}
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\vfill
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% \pause
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\centering
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\includegraphics[width=\columnwidth]{figures/yell.png}
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\end{columns}
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\end{frame}
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%%%%%%%%% frame %%%%%%%%%
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\begin{frame}[t]{Deuxfleurs}
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\framesubtitle{L'hébergeur convivial}
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\pause
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\begin{columns}[t]
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\column{0.5\columnwidth}
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\textbf{Des services numériques}
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\vspace{1ex}
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\includegraphics[width=\columnwidth]{figures/2f-services.jpg}
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\begin{columns}
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\column{0.5\columnwidth}
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\begin{itemize}
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\item Site web
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\item Email
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\item \textit{Chat}
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\end{itemize}
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\column{0.5\columnwidth}
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\begin{itemize}
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\item Visio
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\item Blog
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\item ...
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\end{itemize}
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\end{columns}
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\vspace{2ex}
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\textbf{Pour les masses} : Prix libre
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\vspace{2ex}
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\centering
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\includegraphics[width=.4\columnwidth]{figures/deuxfleurs-logo.png}
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% \begin{itemize}
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% \item Prix libre indiv.
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% \item 15€/an conseillés
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% \end{itemize}
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\pause
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\column{0.5\columnwidth}
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\textbf{De grands principes}
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\vspace{1ex}
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\centering
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\includegraphics[width=0.8\columnwidth]{figures/sunflowers_with_sunglasses.jpg}
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\vspace{1ex}
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\raggedright
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\begin{itemize}
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\item \textbf{Contrôle sur logiciels}
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\begin{itemize}
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\item faciles à patcher
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\item contrôler toute la pile
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\end{itemize}
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\item \textbf{Ressources matérielles}
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\begin{itemize}
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\item visibiliser pour limiter
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\item frugalité
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\end{itemize}
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\item \textbf{Distribution géographique}
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\item Hébergement \textbf{à domicile}
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% \item \textbf{Intégration} entre logiciels
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\end{itemize}
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% \textbf{Sur des ordis pourris}
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% \vspace{1ex}
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%
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% \includegraphics[width=.67\columnwidth]{figures/prod-2f-2.jpg}\hspace{.5em}
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% \includegraphics[width=.27\columnwidth]{figures/prod-2f-3.jpg}
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%
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% \begin{itemize}
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% \item Fibre + IPv6 = qualité
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% \item Plus besoin du \textit{cloud}
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% \item Dépendance au sentier
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% \end{itemize}
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% \vspace{1ex}
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%
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% \textbf{La complexité est bien là}
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% \vspace{1ex}
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%
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% \centering
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% \includegraphics[width=0.8\columnwidth]{figures/logos_infra.jpg}
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%
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\end{columns}
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\end{frame}
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%%%%%%%%% frame %%%%%%%%%
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\begin{frame}[t]{Deuxfleurs}
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\framesubtitle{La dépendance au sentier}
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\pause
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\begin{columns}[t]
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\column{0.5\columnwidth}
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\textbf{Plus besoin de \textit{cloud}}
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\vspace{1ex}
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\begin{itemize}
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\item Connexions fibre :\\
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Exit l'asymétrique
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\item IPv6 :\\
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Tout ordi \textit{adressable}
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\end{itemize}
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\vspace{2ex}
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\textbf{Vive les ordis pourris}
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\vspace{1ex}
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\includegraphics[width=.67\columnwidth]{figures/prod-2f-2.jpg}\hspace{.5em}
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\includegraphics[width=.27\columnwidth]{figures/prod-2f-3.jpg}
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\begin{itemize}
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\item 8 ordis sur 3 domiciles
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\item Datés de $\sim$2015
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\item Disques neufs
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\end{itemize}
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\vspace{1ex}
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\pause
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\column{0.5\columnwidth}
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\textbf{La complexité est bien là}
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\vspace{3ex}
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\centering
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\includegraphics[width=0.8\columnwidth]{figures/logos_infra.jpg}
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\vspace{4ex}
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\textbf{Logiciels internes faits main}
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\vspace{3ex}
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\includegraphics[width=0.6\textwidth]{figures/nos_logiciels.jpg}
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% \vspace{2ex}
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%
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% \raggedright
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% \textbf{Qualité de service \textit{cloud} ?}
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\end{columns}
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\end{frame}
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%%%%%%%%% frame %%%%%%%%%
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\begin{frame}[t]{CHATONS}
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\framesubtitle{La fédération d'hébergeurs faiblement couplée}
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\pause
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\begin{columns}[t]
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\column{0.5\columnwidth}
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\textbf{Il était une fois...}
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\vspace{1ex}
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\includegraphics[width=\columnwidth]{figures/logo_framasoft.png}
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\vspace{1ex}
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\textbf{Qui créa ...}\\
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\vspace{1ex}
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\centering
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\includegraphics[width=.6\columnwidth]{figures/logo_chatons_800px.png}
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\vspace{1ex}
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\raggedright
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\textbf{C}ollectif des \textbf{H}ébergeurs \textbf{A}lternatifs, \textbf{T}ransparents, \textbf{O}uverts, \textbf{N}eutres \& \textbf{S}olidaires
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\vspace{2ex}
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\centering
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{\Large \textbf{87} collectifs}
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\pause
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\column{0.5\columnwidth}
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\textbf{Crise de la Charte~\cite{chatonsCharteCollectifCHATONS2024}}
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\raggedright
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\begin{itemize}
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\item \textit{Portée} d'avril 23
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\item Clause \textbf{100\%} logiciel libre
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\item Amendement (sept. 23) : \\
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Exceptions autorisées
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\end{itemize}
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$\implies$ \textit{Utilité sociale} avant \textit{pureté}
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\vspace{2ex}
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\textbf{Émancipation de Framasoft}
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\begin{itemize}
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\item Nous étions \textit{Tanguy}
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\item Assemblée Constituante (oct. 23)
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\item Nouvelle gouv. (jan. 24)
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\begin{itemize}
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\item Minimaliste
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\item Tournante
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\end{itemize}
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\item Médiation/modération
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\end{itemize}
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\end{columns}
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\end{frame}
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%%%%%%%%% section %%%%%%%%%
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\section{Questions vives}
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\begin{frame}[plain,noframenumbering]
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\sectionpage
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\end{frame}
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%%%%%%%%% subsection %%%%%%%%%
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\subsection{Comprendre l'interaction numérique $\leftrightarrow$ environnement}
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%%%%%%%%% frame %%%%%%%%%
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\begin{frame}{\insertsubsectionhead}
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{\Large\centering
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Instruire scientifiquement les dossiers politiques.
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\vspace{1ex}
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\raggedleft
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\normalsize
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--- Yves Bréchet~\cite{brechetAuditionSouveraineteIndependance2022}
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}
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\pause
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\vfill
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\centering
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\includegraphics[width=.6\columnwidth]{figures/lifecycle-ict.pdf}
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\pause
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\vfill
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\begin{enumerate}
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\item Décortiquer le système productif numérique
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\item Quantifier ses externalités
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\item Améliorer le recyclage
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\item Modéliser les effets dynamiques
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\end{enumerate}
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\end{frame}
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%%%%%%%%% subsubsection %%%%%%%%%
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\subsubsection{Décortiquer le système productif numérique}
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%%%%%%%%% frame %%%%%%%%%
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\begin{frame}[t]{\insertsubsubsectionhead~\cite{opensourcemapFairphoneSupplyChain2021,roussilheManufacturingElectronicComponents2023,shilovIntelSharesBiggest2024}}
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\centering
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\includegraphics[width=.9\columnwidth]{figures/fairphone.png}
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\vspace{2ex}
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\begin{columns}
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\column{0.35\columnwidth}
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\centering
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% \includegraphics[width=\columnwidth]{figures/asml-high-na-euv_lithography.png}
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\includegraphics[width=1.1\columnwidth]{figures/asml-high-na-euv_machine.png}
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\vspace{2ex}
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\raggedright
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ASML (NL) 3nm litho.
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\textbf{380\,M€} la bécane !
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\column{0.65\columnwidth}
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\includegraphics[width=\columnwidth]{figures/roussilhe-integrated-circuits-en_axed.pdf}
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\end{columns}
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\end{frame}
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%%%%%%%%% subsubsection %%%%%%%%%
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\subsubsection{Quantifier ses externalités}
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%%%%%%%%% frame %%%%%%%%%
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\begin{frame}[t]{\insertsubsubsectionhead}
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\framesubtitle{Conflit d'usage électrique~\cite{lopezBoutFlux2022,laquadratureEnqueteMarseilleComme2024}}
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\begin{columns}
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\column{0.5\columnwidth}
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\centering
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\includegraphics[width=.8\columnwidth]{figures/fanny-lopez_a-bout-de-flux.jpg}
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\column{0.5\columnwidth}
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\centering
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\includegraphics[width=\columnwidth]{figures/fibre_marseille.png}
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\end{columns}
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\end{frame}
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%%%%%%%%% frame %%%%%%%%%
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\begin{frame}[t]{\insertsubsubsectionhead~\cite{systextMetauxDansMon2017,cerfUntanglingCriticalMinerals2023}}
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\framesubtitle{Les minéraux}
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\centering
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\includegraphics[width=\columnwidth]{figures/systext-smartphone.png}
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\end{frame}
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% %%%%%%%%% frame %%%%%%%%%
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% \begin{frame}[t]{\insertsubsubsectionhead~\cite{cerfUntanglingCriticalMinerals2023}}
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% \framesubtitle{Les minéraux (bis)}
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%
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% \centering
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% \includegraphics[width=\columnwidth]{figures/elements-criticality.pdf}
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% \vfill
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%
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% \begin{itemize}
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% \item Sur-sollicitation de la table des éléments
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% \item Minéraux nécessaire à la «~transition énergétique~»
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% \end{itemize}
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% \end{frame}
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%%%%%%%%% frame %%%%%%%%%
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\begin{frame}[t]{\insertsubsubsectionhead}
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\framesubtitle{L'eau à l'usage}
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\pause
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\begin{columns}[t]
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\column{0.33\textwidth}
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\textbf{La clim c'est nul}
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\vspace{2ex}
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\includegraphics[width=\columnwidth]{figures/Google-Data-Center-in-The-Dalles-Oregon-Ejects-Plumes-of-Steam-into-the-Air_1080x457.jpg}\\
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\includegraphics[width=\columnwidth]{figures/datacenter-aisles.png}
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\vspace{4ex}
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Majorité des acteurs
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\vspace{1ex}
|
|
|
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1 \textit{hyperscale} = 1 piscine~olympique/j.~\cite{zhangDataCenterWater2024}
|
|
\pause
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|
\column{0.33\textwidth}
|
|
\textbf{Le \textit{liquid cooling}...}
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\vspace{2ex}
|
|
|
|
\includegraphics[width=\columnwidth]{figures/datecenter-roof-heat-dissipation_cut.jpg}
|
|
\begin{columns}
|
|
\column{.4\columnwidth}
|
|
\centering
|
|
\includegraphics[width=.8\columnwidth]{figures/refroidissement-liquide-cpu-photo.jpg}\\
|
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\includegraphics[width=\columnwidth]{figures/refroidissement-liquide-cpu-schema.png}
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\column{.6\columnwidth}
|
|
\centering
|
|
\includegraphics[width=\columnwidth]{figures/refroidissement-immersion-schema.jpg}
|
|
\end{columns}
|
|
\vspace{2.0ex}
|
|
|
|
Merci OVHCloud~\cite{chehadeNewHybridImmersion2022}
|
|
|
|
\pause
|
|
\column{0.33\textwidth}
|
|
\textbf{Réseaux de chaleur !}
|
|
\vspace{2ex}
|
|
|
|
\centering
|
|
\includegraphics[width=.8\columnwidth]{figures/reseau-chaleur.jpg}
|
|
\vspace{3ex}
|
|
|
|
\raggedright
|
|
La chaleur comme \textit{ressource}
|
|
\vspace{3.3ex}
|
|
|
|
Merci Qarnot~\cite{qarnotCloudComputingHPC2024}
|
|
\vspace{1ex}
|
|
|
|
\includegraphics[width=.4\columnwidth]{figures/qarnot-chaudiere.jpg}\hfill
|
|
\includegraphics[width=.57\columnwidth]{figures/qarnot-radiateur.jpg}
|
|
\end{columns}
|
|
\end{frame}
|
|
|
|
%%%%%%%%% frame %%%%%%%%%
|
|
\begin{frame}{\insertsubsubsectionhead}
|
|
\framesubtitle{Et le reste ?}
|
|
|
|
\begin{itemize}
|
|
\item Pollution minière $\rightarrow$ SystExt~\cite{systextControversesMinieresPour2021}
|
|
\item Impacts sociaux extraction/prod $\rightarrow$ Owen et al.~\cite{owenEnergyTransitionMinerals2022} et ... vous ?
|
|
\item Impacts sociaux usage (dépression, ségrégation...) $\rightarrow$
|
|
\end{itemize}
|
|
\vfill
|
|
|
|
\centering
|
|
\includegraphics[width=.6\columnwidth]{figures/alaide.jpg}
|
|
|
|
\end{frame}
|
|
|
|
%%%%%%%%% subsubsection %%%%%%%%%
|
|
\subsubsection{Améliorer le recyclage}
|
|
%%%%%%%%% frame %%%%%%%%%
|
|
\begin{frame}{\insertsubsubsection}
|
|
\pause
|
|
\begin{columns}[t]
|
|
\column{.5\textwidth}
|
|
\textbf{Recyclage industriel~\cite{systextControversesMinieresPour2024}}
|
|
\vspace{1ex}
|
|
|
|
\centering
|
|
\includegraphics[width=\columnwidth]{figures/schredded-hard-drive.png}
|
|
|
|
\normalsize\raggedright
|
|
17\;\% D3E \textbf{collectés}
|
|
\vspace{1ex}
|
|
|
|
\textbf{Pré-traitement} \\
|
|
Flux matériel en évolution permanente
|
|
\vspace{1ex}
|
|
|
|
\textbf{Traitement} \\
|
|
Faible qté, peu métaux rentables
|
|
\pause
|
|
|
|
\column{.5\textwidth}
|
|
\textbf{The artisanal way~\cite{kronesWelcomeSodom2018}}
|
|
\vspace{1ex}
|
|
|
|
\centering
|
|
\includegraphics[width=\columnwidth]{figures/artisanal-ict-recycling_welcome-to-sodom.png}
|
|
\raggedright
|
|
% {\footnotesize Welcome to Sodom, Documentary, 2024}
|
|
\vspace{1ex}
|
|
|
|
\normalsize\raggedright
|
|
Agbogbloshie, Accra, Ghana (jusqu'à 2021)
|
|
\vspace{2ex}
|
|
|
|
|
|
\begin{itemize}
|
|
\item Drame humain
|
|
\item Artisanat méticuleux
|
|
\item Marché noir, pas documenté
|
|
\end{itemize}
|
|
|
|
\end{columns}
|
|
\end{frame}
|
|
|
|
%%%%%%%%% subsubsection %%%%%%%%%
|
|
\subsubsection{Modéliser les effets dynamiques}
|
|
%%%%%%%%% frame %%%%%%%%%
|
|
\begin{frame}{\insertsubsubsection~\cite{derosnayMacroscopeVersVision1975}}
|
|
\begin{columns}
|
|
\column{0.7\columnwidth}
|
|
\includegraphics[width=.9\columnwidth]{figures/jevons.jpg}
|
|
|
|
\column{0.3\columnwidth}
|
|
\includegraphics[width=.95\columnwidth]{figures/highway-rebound-effect.jpg}
|
|
\end{columns}
|
|
\vspace{1ex}
|
|
|
|
\begin{columns}
|
|
\begin{column}{0.5\textwidth}
|
|
\centering
|
|
\includegraphics[width=\columnwidth]{figures/macroscope3.jpg}
|
|
\end{column}
|
|
\begin{column}{0.5\textwidth}
|
|
\centering
|
|
\includegraphics[width=0.9\columnwidth]{figures/macroscope.jpg}
|
|
\end{column}
|
|
\end{columns}
|
|
\end{frame}
|
|
|
|
%%%%%%%%% frame %%%%%%%%%
|
|
\begin{frame}{\insertsubsubsection}
|
|
\framesubtitle{Nouvelles méthodes~\cite{ekchajzerDecisionmakingEnvironmentalComplexity2024}}
|
|
|
|
\centering
|
|
\includegraphics[width=\columnwidth]{figures/vinted-retroaction.png}
|
|
\vfill
|
|
|
|
Soutenance de L. Bornes le 12 déc. à 14h !
|
|
|
|
\end{frame}
|
|
%%%%%%%%% subsection %%%%%%%%%
|
|
\subsection{Sobriété des usages}
|
|
|
|
%%%%%%%%% frame %%%%%%%%%
|
|
\begin{frame}{\insertsubsectionhead}
|
|
\end{frame}
|
|
|
|
%%%%%%%%% subsection %%%%%%%%%
|
|
\subsection{Gestion collégiale de la complexité}
|
|
%%%%%%%%% frame %%%%%%%%%
|
|
\begin{frame}{\insertsubsectionhead}
|
|
% \framesubtitle{d'une infrastructure complexe}
|
|
|
|
\end{frame}
|
|
|
|
%%%%%%%%% section %%%%%%%%%
|
|
\section{Conclusion}
|
|
\begin{frame}[plain,noframenumbering]
|
|
\sectionpage
|
|
\end{frame}
|
|
|
|
%%%%%%%%% frame %%%%%%%%%
|
|
\begin{frame}{Les outils des sociétés conviviales}
|
|
|
|
\end{frame}
|
|
|
|
%%%%%%%%% frame %%%%%%%%%
|
|
\begin{frame}{Le militantisme}
|
|
\framesubtitle{Une condition de la recherche ?}
|
|
|
|
\end{frame}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
%%%%%%%%% frame %%%%%%%%%
|
|
\begin{frame}{C'est fini.}
|
|
\framesubtitle{Discutons, maintenant.}
|
|
|
|
\begin{columns}
|
|
\column{0.5\columnwidth}
|
|
Les slides sont sur \url{luxeylab.net} :
|
|
\vspace{1ex}
|
|
|
|
\includegraphics[width=.6\columnwidth]{figures/slides_qrcode.png}
|
|
|
|
\column{0.5\columnwidth}
|
|
\includegraphics[width=.8\textwidth]{figures/subversif_vert.png}
|
|
\end{columns}
|
|
\vspace{5ex}
|
|
|
|
\centering
|
|
\Huge Merci de votre attention !
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end{frame}
|
|
|
|
%%%%%%%%% bib frame %%%%%%%%%
|
|
\begin{frame}[allowframebreaks]{Références}
|
|
\printbibliography[heading=none]
|
|
\end{frame}
|
|
\end{document}
|