295 lines
10 KiB
Markdown
295 lines
10 KiB
Markdown
+++
|
|
title = "Deployment on a cluster"
|
|
weight = 5
|
|
+++
|
|
|
|
To run Garage in cluster mode, we recommend having at least 3 nodes.
|
|
This will allow you to setup Garage for three-way replication of your data,
|
|
the safest and most available mode proposed by Garage.
|
|
|
|
We recommend first following the [quick start guide](../quick_start/index.md) in order
|
|
to get familiar with Garage's command line and usage patterns.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
## Prerequisites
|
|
|
|
To run a real-world deployment, make sure the following conditions are met:
|
|
|
|
- You have at least three machines with sufficient storage space available.
|
|
|
|
- Each machine has a public IP address which is reachable by other machines.
|
|
Running behind a NAT is likely to be possible but hasn't been tested for the latest version (TODO).
|
|
|
|
- Ideally, each machine should have a SSD available in addition to the HDD you are dedicating
|
|
to Garage. This will allow for faster access to metadata and has the potential
|
|
to drastically reduce Garage's response times.
|
|
|
|
- This guide will assume you are using Docker containers to deploy Garage on each node.
|
|
Garage can also be run independently, for instance as a [Systemd service](systemd.md).
|
|
You can also use an orchestrator such as Nomad or Kubernetes to automatically manage
|
|
Docker containers on a fleet of nodes.
|
|
|
|
Before deploying Garage on your infrastructure, you must inventory your machines.
|
|
For our example, we will suppose the following infrastructure with IPv6 connectivity:
|
|
|
|
| Location | Name | IP Address | Disk Space |
|
|
|----------|---------|------------|------------|
|
|
| Paris | Mercury | fc00:1::1 | 1 To |
|
|
| Paris | Venus | fc00:1::2 | 2 To |
|
|
| London | Earth | fc00:B::1 | 2 To |
|
|
| Brussels | Mars | fc00:F::1 | 1.5 To |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
## Get a Docker image
|
|
|
|
Our docker image is currently named `dxflrs/amd64_garage` and is stored on the [Docker Hub](https://hub.docker.com/r/dxflrs/amd64_garage/tags?page=1&ordering=last_updated).
|
|
We encourage you to use a fixed tag (eg. `v0.4.0`) and not the `latest` tag.
|
|
For this example, we will use the latest published version at the time of the writing which is `v0.4.0` but it's up to you
|
|
to check [the most recent versions on the Docker Hub](https://hub.docker.com/r/dxflrs/amd64_garage/tags?page=1&ordering=last_updated).
|
|
|
|
For example:
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
sudo docker pull dxflrs/amd64_garage:v0.4.0
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
## Deploying and configuring Garage
|
|
|
|
On each machine, we will have a similar setup,
|
|
especially you must consider the following folders/files:
|
|
|
|
- `/etc/garage.toml`: Garage daemon's configuration (see below)
|
|
|
|
- `/var/lib/garage/meta/`: Folder containing Garage's metadata,
|
|
put this folder on a SSD if possible
|
|
|
|
- `/var/lib/garage/data/`: Folder containing Garage's data,
|
|
this folder will be your main data storage and must be on a large storage (e.g. large HDD)
|
|
|
|
|
|
A valid `/etc/garage/garage.toml` for our cluster would look as follows:
|
|
|
|
```toml
|
|
metadata_dir = "/var/lib/garage/meta"
|
|
data_dir = "/var/lib/garage/data"
|
|
|
|
replication_mode = "3"
|
|
|
|
compression_level = 2
|
|
|
|
rpc_bind_addr = "[::]:3901"
|
|
rpc_public_addr = "<this node's public IP>:3901"
|
|
rpc_secret = "<RPC secret>"
|
|
|
|
bootstrap_peers = []
|
|
|
|
[s3_api]
|
|
s3_region = "garage"
|
|
api_bind_addr = "[::]:3900"
|
|
root_domain = ".s3.garage"
|
|
|
|
[s3_web]
|
|
bind_addr = "[::]:3902"
|
|
root_domain = ".web.garage"
|
|
index = "index.html"
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
Check the following for your configuration files:
|
|
|
|
- Make sure `rpc_public_addr` contains the public IP address of the node you are configuring.
|
|
This parameter is optional but recommended: if your nodes have trouble communicating with
|
|
one another, consider adding it.
|
|
|
|
- Make sure `rpc_secret` is the same value on all nodes. It should be a 32-bytes hex-encoded secret key.
|
|
You can generate such a key with `openssl rand -hex 32`.
|
|
|
|
## Starting Garage using Docker
|
|
|
|
On each machine, you can run the daemon with:
|
|
|
|
```bash
|
|
docker run \
|
|
-d \
|
|
--name garaged \
|
|
--restart always \
|
|
--network host \
|
|
-v /etc/garage.toml:/etc/garage.toml \
|
|
-v /var/lib/garage/meta:/var/lib/garage/meta \
|
|
-v /var/lib/garage/data:/var/lib/garage/data \
|
|
lxpz/garage_amd64:v0.4.0
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
It should be restarted automatically at each reboot.
|
|
Please note that we use host networking as otherwise Docker containers
|
|
can not communicate with IPv6.
|
|
|
|
Upgrading between Garage versions should be supported transparently,
|
|
but please check the relase notes before doing so!
|
|
To upgrade, simply stop and remove this container and
|
|
start again the command with a new version of Garage.
|
|
|
|
## Controling the daemon
|
|
|
|
The `garage` binary has two purposes:
|
|
- it acts as a daemon when launched with `garage server`
|
|
- it acts as a control tool for the daemon when launched with any other command
|
|
|
|
Ensure an appropriate `garage` binary (the same version as your Docker image) is available in your path.
|
|
If your configuration file is at `/etc/garage.toml`, the `garage` binary should work with no further change.
|
|
|
|
You can test your `garage` CLI utility by running a simple command such as:
|
|
|
|
```bash
|
|
garage status
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
At this point, nodes are not yet talking to one another.
|
|
Your output should therefore look like follows:
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
Mercury$ garage status
|
|
==== HEALTHY NODES ====
|
|
ID Hostname Address Tag Zone Capacity
|
|
563e1ac825ee3323… Mercury [fc00:1::1]:3901 NO ROLE ASSIGNED
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
## Connecting nodes together
|
|
|
|
When your Garage nodes first start, they will generate a local node identifier
|
|
(based on a public/private key pair).
|
|
|
|
To obtain the node identifier of a node, once it is generated,
|
|
run `garage node id`.
|
|
This will print keys as follows:
|
|
|
|
```bash
|
|
Mercury$ garage node id
|
|
563e1ac825ee3323aa441e72c26d1030d6d4414aeb3dd25287c531e7fc2bc95d@[fc00:1::1]:3901
|
|
|
|
Venus$ garage node id
|
|
86f0f26ae4afbd59aaf9cfb059eefac844951efd5b8caeec0d53f4ed6c85f332@[fc00:1::2]:3901
|
|
|
|
etc.
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
You can then instruct nodes to connect to one another as follows:
|
|
|
|
```bash
|
|
# Instruct Venus to connect to Mercury (this will establish communication both ways)
|
|
Venus$ garage node connect 563e1ac825ee3323aa441e72c26d1030d6d4414aeb3dd25287c531e7fc2bc95d@[fc00:1::1]:3901
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
You don't nead to instruct all node to connect to all other nodes:
|
|
nodes will discover one another transitively.
|
|
|
|
Now if your run `garage status` on any node, you should have an output that looks as follows:
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
==== HEALTHY NODES ====
|
|
ID Hostname Address Tag Zone Capacity
|
|
563e1ac825ee3323… Mercury [fc00:1::1]:3901 NO ROLE ASSIGNED
|
|
86f0f26ae4afbd59… Venus [fc00:1::2]:3901 NO ROLE ASSIGNED
|
|
68143d720f20c89d… Earth [fc00:B::1]:3901 NO ROLE ASSIGNED
|
|
212f7572f0c89da9… Mars [fc00:F::1]:3901 NO ROLE ASSIGNED
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
## Creating a cluster layout
|
|
|
|
We will now inform Garage of the disk space available on each node of the cluster
|
|
as well as the zone (e.g. datacenter) in which each machine is located.
|
|
This information is called the **cluster layout** and consists
|
|
of a role that is assigned to each active cluster node.
|
|
|
|
For our example, we will suppose we have the following infrastructure
|
|
(Capacity, Identifier and Zone are specific values to Garage described in the following):
|
|
|
|
| Location | Name | Disk Space | `Capacity` | `Identifier` | `Zone` |
|
|
|----------|---------|------------|------------|--------------|--------------|
|
|
| Paris | Mercury | 1 To | `10` | `563e` | `par1` |
|
|
| Paris | Venus | 2 To | `20` | `86f0` | `par1` |
|
|
| London | Earth | 2 To | `20` | `6814` | `lon1` |
|
|
| Brussels | Mars | 1.5 To | `15` | `212f` | `bru1` |
|
|
|
|
#### Node identifiers
|
|
|
|
After its first launch, Garage generates a random and unique identifier for each nodes, such as:
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
563e1ac825ee3323aa441e72c26d1030d6d4414aeb3dd25287c531e7fc2bc95d
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
Often a shorter form can be used, containing only the beginning of the identifier, like `563e`,
|
|
which identifies the server "Mercury" located in "Paris" according to our previous table.
|
|
|
|
The most simple way to match an identifier to a node is to run:
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
garage status
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
It will display the IP address associated with each node;
|
|
from the IP address you will be able to recognize the node.
|
|
|
|
#### Zones
|
|
|
|
Zones are simply a user-chosen identifier that identify a group of server that are grouped together logically.
|
|
It is up to the system administrator deploying Garage to identify what does "grouped together" means.
|
|
|
|
In most cases, a zone will correspond to a geographical location (i.e. a datacenter).
|
|
Behind the scene, Garage will use zone definition to try to store the same data on different zones,
|
|
in order to provide high availability despite failure of a zone.
|
|
|
|
#### Capacity
|
|
|
|
Garage reasons on an abstract metric about disk storage that is named the *capacity* of a node.
|
|
The capacity configured in Garage must be proportional to the disk space dedicated to the node.
|
|
|
|
Capacity values must be **integers** but can be given any signification.
|
|
Here we chose that 1 unit of capacity = 100 GB.
|
|
|
|
Note that the amount of data stored by Garage on each server may not be strictly proportional to
|
|
its capacity value, as Garage will priorize having 3 copies of data in different zones,
|
|
even if this means that capacities will not be strictly respected. For example in our above examples,
|
|
nodes Earth and Mars will always store a copy of everything each, and the third copy will
|
|
have 66% chance of being stored by Venus and 33% chance of being stored by Mercury.
|
|
|
|
#### Injecting the topology
|
|
|
|
Given the information above, we will configure our cluster as follow:
|
|
|
|
```bash
|
|
garage layout assign -z par1 -c 10 -t mercury 563e
|
|
garage layout assign -z par1 -c 20 -t venus 86f0
|
|
garage layout assign -z lon1 -c 20 -t earth 6814
|
|
garage layout assign -z bru1 -c 15 -t mars 212f
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
At this point, the changes in the cluster layout have not yet been applied.
|
|
To show the new layout that will be applied, call:
|
|
|
|
```bash
|
|
garage layout show
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
Once you are satisfied with your new layout, apply it with:
|
|
|
|
```bash
|
|
garage layout apply
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
**WARNING:** if you want to use the layout modification commands in a script,
|
|
make sure to read [this page](/reference_manual/layout.html) first.
|
|
|
|
|
|
## Using your Garage cluster
|
|
|
|
Creating buckets and managing keys is done using the `garage` CLI,
|
|
and is covered in the [quick start guide](../quick_start/index.md).
|
|
Remember also that the CLI is self-documented thanks to the `--help` flag and
|
|
the `help` subcommand (e.g. `garage help`, `garage key --help`).
|
|
|
|
Configuring S3-compatible applicatiosn to interact with Garage
|
|
is covered in the [Integrations](/connect/index.html) section.
|