3D-printed-israeli-bandage/Readme.md

# 3D Printed israeli bandages

## _Pansement israelien imprimé en 3D (**version francaise [ici](./Readme.fr.md)**)_

_\[**English version automatically spell checked with minimum effort put into proofreading**\]_

[![fr](https://img.shields.io/badge/lang-fr-red.svg)](./Readme.fr.md)
[![en](https://img.shields.io/badge/lang-en-green.svg)](./Readme.md)

:palestinian_territories: **Israeli bandages are a very efficient medical devices, that are used by first responders all around the world and save life each day. However we should remember that they were first conceived by the genocidal israeli army. Free Palestine.** :palestinian_territories:

Please checkout the comparable (_although way more developed and tested_) [GliaX/tourniquet](https://github.com/GliaX/tourniquet) project about 3D-printing tourniquet, which are used [in the Gaza strip](https://trklou.medium.com/3d-printed-open-source-tourniquet-rationale-failure-analysis-and-proposed-next-steps-of-the-glia-97e8441b4c5a) and [in Ukraine](https://trklou.medium.com/glias-gaza-tourniquet-is-ready-for-emergency-use-in-ukraine-make-some-if-you-can-ef5f83260b7c).

Here is the [printable page](https://www.printables.com/model/1114032-israeli-bandage) for this model.

<img src="https://git.deuxfleurs.fr/distorsion/3D-printed-israeli-bandage/media/branch/main/pictures/israeli_bandage_3D_model_picture.png?raw=true" alt="Image not available" height="400" />

## 1 - Design and usage

:warning: **WARNING : _This bandage was designed based on existing israeli bandages, however it wasn't certified as a medical device and should thus be used based on your own jugment._** :warning:

<table>
    <caption><i>Suggested application procedure from our limited testing :</i></caption>
    <col width="30%"/>
    <col width="30%"/>
    <col width="30%"/>
    <tr>
        <td><img src="https://git.deuxfleurs.fr/distorsion/3D-printed-israeli-bandage/media/branch/main/pictures/israeli_bandage_tuto_step1.jpeg?raw=true" alt="Image not available" height="170" /> <br> <span style="width:190px;"><small><b><i>Step 1.a :</i></b> Clip the lever on the compressive bandage, while holding pressure on the victim's wound (<i>if they are conscious they can apply pressure themself</i>). <br> <b><i>Step 1.b (alternative) :</i></b> Apply the bandage to the wound and do a single turn around the victim's limb. <br> <b><i>(using velcro) :</i></b> if you are using Velcro, you can attach the lever directly over the wound now.</i></b></small></span></td>
        <td><img src="https://git.deuxfleurs.fr/distorsion/3D-printed-israeli-bandage/media/branch/main/pictures/israeli_bandage_tuto_step2.jpeg?raw=true" alt="Image not available" height="170" /> <br> <span style="width:190px;"><small><b><i>Step 2.a :</i></b> Do a single turn around the victim's limb and slide the lever over the wound. <br> <b><i>Step 2.b (alternative) :</i></b> Put the lever directly over the wound before finishing the first turn and pass the bandage through the inner passage.</small></span></td>
        <td><img src="https://git.deuxfleurs.fr/distorsion/3D-printed-israeli-bandage/media/branch/main/pictures/israeli_bandage_tuto_step3.jpeg?raw=true" alt="Image not available" height="170" /> <br> <span style="width:190px;"><small><b><i>Step 3 :</i></b> Do another turn around the limb and pass through the normal lever passage.</small></span></td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td><img src="https://git.deuxfleurs.fr/distorsion/3D-printed-israeli-bandage/media/branch/main/pictures/israeli_bandage_tuto_step4.jpeg?raw=true" alt="Image not available" height="170" /> <br> <span style="width:190px;"><small><b><i>Step 4 :</i></b> You can do an additional turn, and then you have to start widing the other way around the limb to flip the lever back to generate pressure.</small></span></td>
        <td><img src="https://git.deuxfleurs.fr/distorsion/3D-printed-israeli-bandage/media/branch/main/pictures/israeli_bandage_tuto_step5.jpeg?raw=true" alt="Image not available" height="170" /> <br> <span style="width:190px;"><small><b><i>Step 5 :</i></b> Keep winding around the limb to firmly hold the lever into place.</small></span></td>
        <td><img src="https://git.deuxfleurs.fr/distorsion/3D-printed-israeli-bandage/media/branch/main/pictures/israeli_bandage_tuto_step6.jpeg?raw=true" alt="Image not available" height="170" /> <br> <span style="width:190px;"><small><b><i>Step 6 :</i></b> Once you have finished you can simply fix the end of the bandage into a tight part of the bandage to hold it in place.</small></span></td>
    </tr>
</table>

This repo is a simple proposition of a 3D-printed israeli bandage (or "_lever_"), that is made to be clipped right at the time of application on any normal compression bandage (_preferably homeostatic_) - which can be found for multiple time cheaper than an equivalent israeli bandage (_there are some available for around 2€ at [medisafe.fr](https://www.medisafe.fr/secours/reanimation-survie/compression-hemostatique/pansement-compressif-sterile-10x12cm.html) compared to around 10€ for a comparable israeli bandage_).

There is a narrow clip at the bottom of the passage of the lever, which you can use to secure it after doing a single turn around the limb of the victim, so the bandage you are using can then be used as any bought israeli bandage.

The lever can either be clipped before applying the bandage to the victim (_as recommended, and shown in the above table_), then sliding the lever over the wound after a single turn ; or can be added after doing the first turn. In any case, the lever should "point" toward the winding direction (_thus away from the wound_) so that pressure is applied when the lever is flipped back.

### 1.a - Self application

Compared to a standard israeli bandage, it is both significantly harder and slower to apply this lever to ones self. It takes more time as you have to additionally clip the lever to the bandage, and it is harder as clipping requires two free hands, thus making it hard to self apply to upper limbs.

This does not prevent you from using our bandage _(**always according to your own judgment**)_, but if you are printing it for use on other people and you are in a context where you may be injured, you can buy normal israeli bandages to use on yourself if needed, hoping not to have to use them.

It is also possible to use Velcro as explained in [the next section](#1-b-_optionally_-using-a-velcro), which would allow self-application to be almost as simple as with a normal israeli bandage. Further testing has to be done to validate this.

### 1.b - _Optionally_ using a Velcro

It is possible to add a small piece of self-adhesive Velcro (_the "hook" face_) to the bottom of the lever, thus allowing you to attach the lever onto the bandage directly on top of the wound ; and then follow the instructions laid out [in section 1](#1-design-and-usage). This would make application very similar to a normal israeli bandage, with the only difference being the inner passage that should be used during the first turn to securely hold the lever in place (as the Velcro shouldn't be trusted for that). Note that the velcro is just made to stick to the bandage for a few second during the first turn around the victim's limb.

:warning: **_If you use Velcro, check that the velcro will stick to the model of bandage you will be using !_** :warning:

## 2 - Field testing

**_There is an extended guide on field testing found at [manual/field-testing-guide.md](./manual/field-testing-guide.md) or as a printable pdf file at [manual/field-testing-guide.pdf](./manual/field-testing-guide.pdf)._**

**If you are able to field test this design, don't hesitate to contact us at [distorsion@systemli.org](mailto:distorsion@systemli.org) !**

We are considering doing some field testing as street medics during demonstration, and will update the design and this readme with any new information.

We think that the following questions should be answered during field testing :

 - Is the lever easy and fast to apply _compared to a normal israeli bandage_ ?
 - Does the lever allow more pressure to be applied to the wound _compared to a normal bandage_, without acting as a tourniquet ?
 - Is our application technique good, and can it be improved ?
 - Is the inner passage enough to hold the lever into place ? Even _without using a Velcro_ ?
 - Does the Velcro make the application faster and/or easier ?
 - Is self-application possible with the Velcro ? Is it possible without ?

## 3 - 3D printing

<img src="https://git.deuxfleurs.fr/distorsion/3D-printed-israeli-bandage/media/branch/main/pictures/israeli_bandage_sliced_picture.png?raw=true" alt="Image not available" height="400" />

You can print this israeli bandage lever from the [3Dfiles/israeli_bandage.stl](./3Dfiles/) file, with the "lever" part pointing up so that you don't need to use any support material.

Using default parameter the lever is quite strong and thus resilient to different printing parameters and materials. We would recommend to use a strong material like PETG rather than PLA, and not using too low of an infill ratio (> 20%).

## 4 - Parameters

If you want to changes the parameters of this design, you can edit the _Freecad_ file [3Dfiles/israeli_bandage_v3.FCStd](./3Dfiles/), which is fully parametric, with parameters present in the **Spreadsheet**.

## License

```
"3D Printed israeli bandages" (c) by @distorsion

"3D Printed israeli bandages" is licensed under a
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

You should have received a copy of the license along with this
work. If not, see <https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/>.
```